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Hydrodynamic mechanisms of aggressive collapse events in leading edge cavitation

Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第1期32卷 6-19页

作者： Mohammad Hossein Arabnejad Ali Amini Mohamed Farhat Rickard EBensow Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines EPFLLausanneSwitzerland

Transient cavities generated from unsteady leading-edge cavitation may undergo aggressive collapses which are responsible for cavitation *** this paper,we studied the hydrodynamic mechanisms of these events in the leading edge cavitation fonned over a modified NACA0009 hydrofoil using experimental and numerical *** the experimental investigation,high-speed visualization(HSV)and paint test are employed to study the behavior of the cavitating flow at σ=1.25,α=5°,U∞=20 m/*** the numerical part,the same cavitating flow is simulated using an inviscid density-based compressible solver with a barotropic cavitation *** numerical results are first compared with the experimental HSV to show that the simulation is able to reproduce the main features of the cavitating ***,as the compressible solver is capable of capturing the shock wave upon the collapse of cavities,the location of collapse events with high erosion potential are *** location of these collapse events are compared with the paint test results with a qualitatively good *** is clearly observed,in both the experiments and the numerical simulation,that there exists four distinct regions along the hydrofoil with higher risks of erosion:(1)A very narrow strip at the leading edge,(2)an area of accumulated collapses at around 60 percent of the sheet cavity maximum length,(3)an area around the closure line of the sheet cavity with the highest erosion damage,and(4)a wide area close to the trailing edge with dispersed collapse events.A combined analysis of the experimental and numerical results reveals that the small-scale structures generated by secondary shedding are more aggressive than the large-scale cloud cavities(primary shedding).It is also observed that the high risk of cavitation erosion in regions 2 and 3 is mainly due to the collapses of the small cavity structures that are formed around the sheet cavity closure line or the rolling cloud cavity.

关键词： Hydrodynamic mechanisms aggressive collapse events high-speed visualization(HSV) paint test compressible simulation of cavitating flows

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Magnesium implant degradation provides immunomodulatory and proangiogenic effects and attenuates peri-implant fibrosis in soft tissues

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第8期26卷 353-369页

作者： Heithem Ben Amara Diana C.Martinez Furqan A.Shah Anna Johansson Loo Lena Emanuelsson Birgitta Norlindh Regine Willumeit-Römer Tomasz Plocinski Wojciech Swieszkowski Anders Palmquist Omar Omar Peter Thomsen Department of Biomaterials Institute of Clinical SciencesSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Biomaterials Group Materials Design DivisionFaculty of Materials Science and EngineeringWarsaw University of TechnologyWarsawPoland Institute of Metallic Biomaterials Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany

Implants made of magnesium(Mg)are increasingly employed in patients to achieve osteosynthesis while degrading in *** Mg implants and Mg^(2+)have been suggested to possess anti-inflammatory properties,the clinically observed soft tissue inflammation around Mg implants is ***,using a rat soft tissue model and a 1-28 d observation period,we determined the temporo-spatial cell distribution and behavior in relation to sequential changes of pure Mg implant surface properties and Mg^(2+)*** to nondegradable titanium(Ti)implants,Mg degradation exacerbated initial *** of Mg degradation products at the tissue-implant interface,culminating at 3 d,actively initiated chemotaxis and upregulated mRNA and protein immunomodulatory markers,particularly inducible nitric oxide synthase and toll-like receptor-4 up to 6 d,yet without a cytotoxic *** vascularization was demonstrated morphologically,preceded by high expression of vascular endothelial growth *** transition to appropriate tissue repair coincided with implant surface enrichment of Ca and P and reduced peri-implant Mg^(2+)*** implants revealed a thinner fibrous encapsulation compared with *** detailed understanding of the relationship between Mg material properties and the spatial and time-resolved cellular processes provides a basis for the interpretation of clinical observations and future tailoring of Mg implants.

关键词： Magnesium Biodegradable implants Inflammation Foreign-body reaction Gene expression Neovascularization

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