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Frontiers in energy 2017年第3期11卷 383-400页

作者： Xiaoqiang SHAN Fenghua GUO Wenqian XU Xiaowei TENG department of Chemical Engineering University of New Hampshire Durham Nil 03824 USA X-ray Science Division Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA

Developing electrodes with high specific energy by using inexpensive manganese oxides is of great importance for aqueous electrochemical energy storage （EES） using non-Li charge carriers such as Na-or K-ions. However, the energy density of aqueous EES devices is generally limited by their narrow thermody-namic potential window （-1.23 V）. In this paper, the synthesis of high purity layered MnsO8 nanoparticles through solid state thermal treatment of Mn3O4 spinel nanoparticles, resulting in a chemical formula of [Mn^2＋] [Mn）＋O8^2-], evidenced by Rietveld refinement of synchro-tron-based X-ray diffraction, has been reported. The electro-kinetic analyses obtained from cyclic voltammetry measurements in half-cells have demonstrated that MnsOs electrode has a large overpotential （-0.6 V） towards gas evolution reactions, resulting in a stable potential window of 2.5 V in an aqueous electrolyte in half-ceU measurements. Symmetric full-cells fabricated using Mn508 electrodes can be operated within a stable 3.0 V potential window for 5000 galvanostatic cycles, exhibiting a stable electrode capacity of about 103 mAh/g at a C-rate of 95 with nearly 100% coulombic efficiency and 96% energy efficiency.

关键词： manganese oxides Mn5O8 high voltage aqueous Na-ion storage

Enabling rapid X-ray CT characterisation for additive manufacturing using CAD models and deep learning-based reconstruction

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1443-1452页

作者： Amirkoushyar Ziabari S.V.Venkatakrishnan Zackary Snow Aleksander Lisovich Michael Sprayberry Paul Brackman Curtis Frederick Pradeep Bhattad Sarah Graham Philip Bingham Ryan Dehoff Alex Plotkowski Vincent Paquit energy and Electrification Infrastructure Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryKnoxvilleTN 37830USA ZEISS Industrial Metrology LLC Maple GroveMN 55369USA Manufacturing Science Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA

Metal additive manufacturing(AM)offers flexibility and cost-effectiveness for printing complex parts but is limited to few *** new alloys requires process parameter optimisation to produce consistent,high-quality ***-resolution X-ray computed tomography(XCT)has not been effective for this task due to artifacts,slow scan speed,and *** propose a deep learning-based approach for rapid XCT acquisition and reconstruction of metal AM parts,leveraging computer-aided design models and physics-based simulations of nonlinear interactions between X-ray radiation and *** significantly reduces beam hardening and common XCT *** demonstrate high-throughput characterisation of over a hundred AlCe alloy components,quantifying improvements in characterisation time and quality compared to high-resolution microscopy and *** approach facilitates investigating the impact of process parameters and their geometry dependence in metal AM.

关键词： rapid alloy character

Density fluctuations in baryon-rich quark matter

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2016年第6期27卷 17-24页

作者： Che Ming Ko Feng Li Cyclotron Institute and department of Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station

At finite baryon chemical potential,the density of a quark matter develops large fluctuations when it undergoes a first-order phase *** on the transport equation derived from the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio(NJL) model,we have studied the density fluctuations in a baryon-rich quark matter that is confined in a finite *** the expansion of the quark matter using initial conditions from either a blast wave model or a multiphase transport(AMPT) model,we have further studied the survivability of the density fluctuations as the density and temperature of the quark matter *** experimental signatures of the density fluctuations are suggested.

关键词：密度涨落夸克物质重子输运方程一级相变体积密度 AMPT 可生存性

CGR3： A Golgi-Localized Protein Influencing Homogalacturonan Methylesterification

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Molecular Plant 2011年第5期4卷 832-844页

作者： Michael A. Held Evan Be Starla Zemelis Saunia Withers Curtis Wilkerson Federica Brandizzi Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA Present address： department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ohio University Athens OH 45701 USA department of Biochemistry and Molecuiar Biology Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA

Plant cell walls are complex structures that offer structural and mechanical support to plant cells and are ultimately responsible for plant architecture and form. Pectins are a large group of complex polysaccharides of the plant cell wall that are made in the Golgi and secreted to the wall. The methylesterification of pectins is believed to be an important factor for the dynamic properties of the cell wall. Here, we report on a protein of unknown function discovered using an extensive proteomics analysis of cotton Golgi. Through bioinformatic analyses, we identified the ortholog of such protein, here named cotton Golgi-related 3 （CGR3） in Arabidopsis and found that it shares conserved residues with S- adenosylmethionine methyltransferases. We established that CGR3 is localized at the Golgi apparatus and that the expression of the CGR3 gene is correlated with that of several cell wall biosynthetic genes, suggesting a possible role of the protein in pectin modifications. Consistent with this hypothesis, immunofluorescence microscopy with antibodies for homogalacturonan pectins （HG） indicated that the celt wails of cgr3 knockout mutants and plants overexpressing CGR3 are decreased and increased in HG methylesterification, respectively. Our results suggest that CGR3 plays a role in the methylesterification of homogalacturonan in Arabidopsis.

关键词： Golgi methyltransferase homogalacturonan pectin.

Elastohydrodynamic lubrication properties and friction behaviors of several ester base stocks

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Friction 2015年第3期3卷 243-255页

作者： Yifeng HE Thomas J.ZOLPER Pinzhi LIU Yuzhen ZHAO Xingliang HE Xuejin SHEN Hongwei SUN Qinghua DUAN Qian WANG Research Institute of Petroleum Processing SINOPECBeijing 100083China department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanston IL 60208USA department of Mechanical Engineering University of WisconsinPlatteville WI 53818USA Chongqing Branch of Lubricant Company SINOPECChongqing 400039China School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China

This paper reports a series of studies on the lubricant properties,elastohydrodynamic film thickness,and coefficients of friction of several commercially available ester base stocks,i.e.,diisooctyl phthalate(DIOP),diisodecyl phthalate(DIDP),diisotridecyl phthalate(DITDP),diisooctyl sebacate(DOS),diisotridecyl sebacate(DTDS),trihydroxymethylpropyl trioleate(TMPTO),and pentaerythritol tetraoleate(PETO).The results include densities and viscosities from 303 to 398 K,and elastohydrodynamic lubricant film thicknesses and friction in the boundary,mixed and full-film lubrication regimes measured at several temperatures,loads,and *** ester base stocks have different lubrication abilities owing to their chain lengths,geometric configurations,and molecular *** study provides quantitative insight into the use of ester-based lubricants for low friction through the entire lubrication regime(boundary to full film)by utilization of suitable type and size of the ester base stocks.

关键词： ester viscosity elastohydrodynamic lubrication friction synthetic base stocks

Understanding the metal-to-insulator transition in La_(1−x)Sr_(x)CoO_(3−δ) and its applications for neuromorphic computing

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 261-269页

作者： Shenli Zhang Giulia Galli Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA Argonne National Laboratory ArgonneILUSA department of Chemistry The University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA

Transition metal oxides that exhibit a metal-to-insulator transition(MIT)as a function of oxygen vacancy concentration are promising systems to realize energy-efficient platforms for neuromorphic ***,the current lack of understanding of the microscopic mechanism driving the MIT hinders the realization of effective and stable *** we investigate defective cobaltites and we unravel the structural,electronic,and magnetic changes responsible for the MIT when oxygen vacancies are introduced in the *** show that,contrary to accepted views,cooperative structural distortions instead of local bonding changes are responsible for the MIT,and we describe the subtle interdependence of structural and magnetic ***,we present a model,based on first principles,to predict the required electric bias to drive the transition,showing good agreement with available measurements and providing a paradigm to establish design rules for low-energy cost devices.

关键词： transition insulator hinder

Trajectory sampling and finite-size effects in first-principles stopping power calculations

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 238-246页

作者： Alina Kononov Thomas W.Hentschel Stephanie B.Hansen Andrew D.Baczewski Center for Computing Research Sandia National LaboratoriesAlbuquerqueNMUSA School of Applied&Engineering Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA Pulsed Power Sciences Center Sandia National LaboratoriesAlbuquerqueNMUSA

Real-time time-dependent density functional theory(TDDFT)is presently the most accurate available method for computing electronic stopping powers from first ***,obtaining application-relevant results often involves either costly averages over multiple calculations or ad hoc selection of a representative ion *** consider a broadly applicable,quantitative metric for evaluating and optimizing trajectories in this *** methodology enables rigorous analysis of the failure modes of various common trajectory choices in crystalline *** randomly selecting trajectories is common practice in stopping power calculations in solids,we show that nearly 30%of random trajectories in an FCC aluminum crystal will not representatively sample the material over the time and length scales feasibly simulated with TDDFT,and unrepresentative choices incur errors of up to 60%.We also show that finite-size effects depend on ion trajectory via“ouroboros”effects beyond the prevailing plasmon-based interpretation,and we propose a cost-reducing scheme to obtain converged results even when expensive core-electron contributions preclude large *** work helps to mitigate poorly controlled approximations in first-principles stopping power calculations,allowing 1–2 order of magnitude cost reductions for obtaining representatively averaged and converged results.

关键词： size prevailing selecting

RNA-Seq Analysis of Developing Nasturtium Seeds （Tropaeolum majus）： Identification and Characterization of an Additional Galactosyltransferase Involved in Xyloglucan Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2012年第5期5卷 984-992页

作者： Jacob K. Jensen Alex Schultink Kenneth Keegstra Curtis G. Wilkerson Markus Pauly DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA department of Plant Biology Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA department of Plant and Microbial Biology UC Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA energy Biosciences Institute University of California Berkeley 30 Calvin Hall MC 5230 Berkeley CA 94720 USA

A deep-sequencing approach was pursued utilizing 454 and Illumina sequencing methods to discover new genes involved in xyloglucan biosynthesis, cDNA sequences were generated from developing nasturtium （Tropaeolum majus） seeds, which produce large amounts of non-fucosylated xyloglucan as a seed storage polymer. In addition to known xyloglucan biosynthetic genes, a previously uncharacterized putative xyloglucan galactosyltransferase was iden- tified. Analysis of an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant line defective in the corresponding ortholog （AT5G62220） revealed that this gene shows no redundancy with the previously characterized xyloglucan galactosyltransferase, MUR3, but is required for galactosyl-substitution of xyloglucan at a different position. The gene was termed XLT2 for Xyloglucan L-side chain galactosylTransferase position 2. It represents an enzyme in the same subclade of glycosyltransferase family 47 as MUR3. A double mutant defective in both MUR3 （mur3.1） and XLT2 led to an Arabidopsis plant with xyloglucan that consists essentially of only xylosylated glucosyl units, with no further substitutions.

关键词： seed biology cell walls nasturtium storage polymers xyloglucan.

CO_(2)enrichment accelerates successional development of an understory plant community

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2010年第1期3卷 33-39页

作者： Lara Souza R.Travis Belote Paul Kardol Jake F.Weltzin Richard J.Norby Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryBuilding 1062PO Box 2008Oak RidgeTN 37831USA department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 569 Dabney HallUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA The Wilderness Society 503 West Mendenhall St BozemanMT 59715USA usA National Phenology Network National Coordinating officeTucsonAZ 85721USA

Aims Rising concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide([CO_(2)])may influence forest successional development and species composition of understory plant communities by altering biomass production of plant species of functional ***,we describe how elevated[CO_(2)](eCO_(2))affects aboveground biomass within the understory community of a temperate deciduous forest at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory sweetgum(Liquidambar styraciflua)free-air carbon dioxide enrichment(FACE)facility in eastern Tennessee,*** asked if(i)CO_(2)enrichment affected total understory biomass and(ii)whether total biomass responses could be explained by changes in understory species composition or changes in relative abundance of functional groups through *** and methods The FACE experiment started in 1998 with three rings receiving ambient[CO_(2)](aCO_(2))and two rings receiving eCO_(2).From 2001 to 2003,we estimated species-specific,woody versus herbaceous and total aboveground biomass by harvesting four 130.5-m subplots within the established understory plant community in each FACE *** 2008,we estimated herbaceous biomass as previously but used allometric relationships to estimate woody biomass across two 535-m quadrats in each FACE *** findings Across years,aboveground biomass of the understory community was on average 25%greater in eCO_(2)than in aCO_(2)*** could not detect differences in plant species composition between aCO_(2)and eCO_(2)***,we did observe shifts in the relative abundance of plant functional groups,which reflect important structural changes in the understory *** 2001-03,little of the understory biomass was in woody species;herbaceous species made up 94%of the total understory biomass across[CO_(2)]*** time,woody species increased in importance,mostly in eCO_(2),and in 2008,the contribution of herbaceous species to total understory biomass was 61%in aCO_(2)and only 33%in eCO_(2)***

关键词： community composition FACE aboveground biomass woody herbaceous sweetgum Microstegium vimineum Lonicera japonica

Real-time anomaly detection for very short-term load forecasting

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean energy 2018年第2期6卷 235-243页

作者： Jian LUO Tao HONG Meng YUE School of Management Science and Engineering Dongbei University of Finance and Economics department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management University of North Carolina at Charlotte Brookhaven National Laboratory

Although the recent load information is critical to very short-term load forecasting(VSTLF), power companies often have difficulties in collecting the most recent load values accurately and timely for VSTLF *** paper tackles the problem of real-time anomaly detection in most recent load information used by *** paper proposes a model-based anomaly detection method that consists of two components, a dynamic regression model and an adaptive anomaly threshold. The case study is developed using the data from ISO New England. This paper demonstrates that the proposed method significantly outperforms three other anomaly detection methods including two methods commonly used in the field and one state-of-the-art method used by a winning team of the Global energy Forecasting Competition 2014. Finally, a general anomaly detection framework is proposed for the future research.

关键词： Real-time anomaly detection Very short-term load forecasting Multiple linear regression Data cleansing