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Phase transition of multi-component(TiZrVNb)C ceramics—Part II:From single phase to multiple phases via adjusting V content

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 689-698页

作者： Qingyi Kong Lei Chen Sijia Huo Kunxuan Li Wenyu Lu Yujin Wang Yu Zhou Institute for Advanced Ceramics School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure‒Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Key Laboratory of Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

To address the relatively mediocre mechanical properties of single-phase multi-component carbide ceramics,a phase transition from a single phase to multiple phases was proposed to achieve superior mechanical properties.A series of(TiZrV_(x)Nb)C_(0.8) ceramics with different V contents were fabricated by spark plasma sintering(SPS).The influence of the V content on the phase composition,microstructural evolution,and mechanical properties was investigated in *** transition behavior from a single phase to multiple phases is discovered and *** formation of the Zr-rich phase and Zr-poor phase can be attributed to the increase in lattice distortion and mixed enthalpy caused by the addition of V.A nanometer lamellar structure with a semi-coherent interface obtained via in situ decomposition is reported for the first time in multi-component carbide *** semi-coherent interfaces with high dislocation density and strain concentration effectively improve the mechanical properties,grain refinement,and multi-phase *** optimal comprehensive mechanical properties of the Vickers hardness(26.3 GPa),flexural strength(369 MPa),and fracture toughness(3.1 MPa·m^(1/2))were achieved for the sample with 20 mol%V.

关键词： multi-component ceramics multiple phases microstructure evolution phase decomposition mechanical properties

Real-Time Tunable Gas Sensing Platform Based on SnO_(2) Nanoparticles Activated by Blue Micro-Light-Emitting Diodes

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第12期16卷 103-119页

作者： Gi Baek Nam Jung-El Ryu Tae Hoon Eom Seung Ju Kim Jun Min Suh Seungmin Lee Sungkyun Choi Cheon Woo Moon Seon Ju Park Soo Min Lee Byungsoo Kim Sung Hyuk Park Jin Wook Yang Sangjin Min Sohyeon Park Sung Hwan Cho Hyuk Jin Kim Sang Eon Jun Tae Hyung Lee Yeong Jae Kim Jae Young Kim Young Joon Hong Jong-In Shim Hyung-Gi Byun Yongjo Park Inkyu Park Sang-Wan Ryu Ho Won Jang Department of Materials science and engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Research Laboratory of Electronics Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Department of Display Materials engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan 31538Republic of Korea Department of Photonics and Nanoelectronics BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE CenterHanyang University ERICAAnsan 15588Republic of Korea Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Electronics Information and Communication EngineeringKangwon National UniversitySamcheok 25913Republic of Korea Advance Institute of Convergence Technology Seoul National UniversitySuwon 16229Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Physics Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 500-757Republic of Korea

Micro-light-emitting diodes(μLEDs)have gained significant interest as an activation source for gas sensors owing to their advantages,including room temperature operation and low power ***,despite these benefits,challenges still exist such as a limited range of detectable gases and slow *** this study,we present a blueμLED-integrated light-activated gas sensor array based on SnO_(2)nanoparticles(NPs)that exhibit excellent sensitivity,tunable selectivity,and rapid detection with micro-watt level power *** optimal power forμLED is observed at the highest gas response,supported by finite-difference time-domain ***,we first report the visible light-activated selective detection of reducing gases using noble metal-decorated SnO_(2)*** noble metals induce catalytic interaction with reducing gases,clearly distinguishing NH3,H2,and ***-time gas monitoring based on a fully hardwareimplemented light-activated sensing array was demonstrated,opening up new avenues for advancements in light-activated electronic nose technologies.

关键词： Micro-LED Gas sensor array Low power consumption Metal decoration Real-time detection

Lighting up plants with near-infrared fluorescence probes

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science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 774-787页

作者： Yida Pang Mengjiao Lu Hyeonji Rha Wenchao Yang Amit Sharma Yao Sun Jong Seung Kim National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationCenter for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide College of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Department of Chemistry Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Korea CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organisation Sector-30CChandigarh160030India TheranoChem Incorporation Seongbuk-guSeoul02856Korea

Fluorescence imaging is a non-invasive and highly sensitive bioimaging technique that has shown remarkable strides in plant science. It enables real-time monitoring and analysis of biological and pathological processes in plants by labeling specific molecular or cellular structures with fluorescent probes. However, tissue scattering and phytochrome interference have been obstacles for conventional fluorescence imaging of plants in the ultraviolet and visible spectrum, resulting in unsatisfactory imaging quality. Fortunately, advances in near-infrared(NIR) fluorescence imaging technology(650-900 nm) offer superior spatial-temporal resolution and reduced tissue scattering, which is sure to improve plant imaging quality. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the development of NIR fluorescence imaging probes and their applications for in vivo plant imaging and the identification of plant-related biomolecules. We hope this review provides a new perspective for plant science research and highlights NIR fluorescence imaging as a powerful tool for analyzing plant physiology, adaptive mechanisms, and coping with environmental stress in the near future.

关键词： NIR fluorescent probe plant imaging biologic application

Phase transition of multi-component(TiZrVNb)C ceramics—Part I:Phase decomposition induced by carbon content

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 679-688页

作者： Qingyi Kong Rao Zhang Lei Chen Sijia Huo Wenyu Lu Yujin Wang Boxin Wei Yu Zhou Institute for Advanced Ceramics School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure‒Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Materials science and Chemical engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Key Laboratory of Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Phase decomposition can effectively enhance the mechanical properties of carbide ceramics and can overcome the difficulty of enhancing the mechanical properties of single-phase multicomponent carbide *** this work,a series of nonstoichiometric(TiZrVNb)Cx ceramics were prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS)at different *** effects of the carbon content on the phase composition,microstructure evolution,and mechanical properties were investigated in *** decomposition occurred with decreasing carbon *** different solid solutions of(Ti,V)-rich and Zr-rich phases formed from the decomposition of equimolar single-phase solid solutions,namely,the Zr-poor phase and Zr-rich phase,*** distribution of Nb element is relatively *** semicoherent interfaces between the Zr-poor phase and the Zr-rich phase can harden and strengthen effectively under the synergistic effect of grain *** with phase decomposition structures have apparent advantages compared to single-phase high-entropy *** work provides an important train of thought for the microstructure tailoring and properties optimization of multi-component carbide ceramics.

关键词： multicomponent ceramics nontoichiometry microstructure evolution phase decomposition mechanical properties

Highly efficient and stable organic solar cells with SnO_(2)electron transport layer enabled by UV-curing acrylate oligomers

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 124-131页

作者： Mwende Mbilo Du Hyeon Ryu Seungjin Lee Muhammad Haris Julius Mwakondo Mwabora Robinson Juma Musembi Hang Ken Lee Sang Kyu Lee Chang Eun Song Won Suk Shin Department of Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Nairobi(UoN)P.O.Box 30197-00100NairobiKenya Advanced Energy Materials Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Republic of Korea Advanced Materials and Chemical engineering University of Science and Technology(UST)Daejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The interfaces between the inorganic metal oxide and organic photoactive layer are of outmost importance for efficiency and stability in organic solar cells(OSCs).Tin oxide(SnO_(2))is one of the promising candidates for the electron transport layer(ETL)in high-performance inverted *** a solution-processed SnO_(2)ETL is employed,however,the presence of interfacial defects and suboptimal interfacial contact can lower the power conversion efficiency(PCE)and operational stability of ***,highly efficient and stable inverted OSCs by modification of the SnO_(2)surface with ultraviolet(UV)-curable acrylate oligomers(SAR and OCS)are *** highest PCEs of 16.6%and 17.0%are achieved in PM6:Y6-BO OSCs with the SAR and OCS,respectively,outperforming a device with a bare SnO_(2)ETL(PCE 13.8%).The remarkable enhancement of PCEs is attributed to the optimized interfacial contact,leading to mitigated surface *** strikingly,improved light-soaking and thermal stability strongly correlated with the interfacial defects are demonstrated for OSCs based on SnO_(2)/UV cross-linked resins compared to OSCs utilizing bare SnO_(2).We believe that UV cross-linking oligomers will play a key role as interfacial modifiers in the future fabrication of large-area and flexible OSCs with high efficiency and stability.

关键词： Organic solar cells SnO_(2) Surface defects Ultraviolet resins Stability Cross-linking oligomers Non-halogenated solvent

Variability and trends of near-surface wind speed over the Tibetan Plateau:The role played by the westerly and Asian monsoon

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 525-536页

作者： Gang-Feng ZHANG Cesar AZORIN-MOLINA Deliang CHEN Tim RMCVICAR Jose AGUIJARRO Kai-Qiang DENG Lorenzo MINOLA Jaeyeon LEE Seok-Woo SON Heng MA Pei-Jun SHI State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China engineering Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control of Ministry of Education Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Centro de Investigaciones Sobre Desertificaci'on Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı'ficas(CIDECSIC-UV-Generalitat alenciana)ClimateAtmosphere and Ocean Laboratory(Climatoc-Lab)Moncada 46113Spain Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden CSIRO Environment CanberraACT 2600Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes CanberraACT 2600Australia State Meteorological Agency Balearic Islands OfficePalma de Mallorca 07015Spain School of Atmospheric sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Interuniversity Department of Regional and Urban Studies and Planning(DIST) Politecnico and University of TurinTurin 10125Italy School of Earth and Environmental sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea Atmospheric and Oceanic sciences Program Princeton UniversityPrinceton NJ 08544USA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory NOAAPrinceton NJ 08544USA

Near-surface wind speed exerts profound impacts on many environmental issues,while the long-term(≥60 years)trend and multidecadal variability in the wind speed and its underlying causes in global high-elevation and mountainous areas(e.g.,Tibetan Plateau)remain largely ***,by examining homogenized wind speed data from 104 meteorological stations over the Tibetan Plateau for 1961-2020 and ERA5 reanalysis datasets,we investigated the variability and long-term trend in the near-surface wind speed and revealed the role played by the westerly and Asian *** results show that the homogenized annual wind speed displays a decreasing trend(-0.091 m s^(−1)per decade,p<0.05),with the strongest in spring(-0.131 m s^(−1)per decade,p<0.05),and the weakest in autumn(-0.071 m s^(−1)per decade,p<0.05).There is a distinct multidecadal variability of wind speed,which manifested in an prominent increase in 1961-1970,a sustained decrease in 1970-2002,and a consistent increase in *** observed decadal variations are likely linked to large-scale atmospheric circulation,and the correlation analysis unveiled a more important role of westerly and East Asian winter monsoon in modulating near-surface wind changes over the Tibetan *** potential physical processes associated with westerly and Asian monsoon changes are in concordance with wind speed change,in terms of overall weakened horizontal air flow(i.e.,geostrophic wind speed),declined vertical thermal and dynamic momentum transfer(i.e.,atmospheric stratification thermal instability and vertical wind shear),and varied Tibetan Plateau *** indicates that to varying degrees these processes may have contributed to the changes in near-surface wind speed over the Tibetan *** study has implications for wind power production and soil wind erosion prevention in the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Wind speed Decadal change Atmospheric circulation Physical processes

光催化CO_(2)还原多原子催化剂的设计与制备进展

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science China Materials 2024年第2期67卷 397-423页

作者：汪忠浩邹国军 Jong Hyeok Park 张侃 School of Materials science and engineering and School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul120-749Republic of Korea Chemistry and Chemical engineering Guangdong Laboratory Shantou 515031China

光催化CO_(2)还原合成太阳能燃料对缓解CO_(2)排放引起的全球变暖和降低化石燃料消耗具有重要意义.然而,目前的光催化剂仍然存在反应动力学缓慢和选择性不理想的问题,特别是对于C_(2+)产物的生成,极大地限制了光催化的工业化进程.过去... 详细信息

光催化CO_(2)还原合成太阳能燃料对缓解CO_(2)排放引起的全球变暖和降低化石燃料消耗具有重要意义.然而,目前的光催化剂仍然存在反应动力学缓慢和选择性不理想的问题,特别是对于C_(2+)产物的生成,极大地限制了光催化的工业化进程.过去几十年中,关于太阳能驱动的CO_(2)还原的研究展示出鼓舞人心的结果,包括活性位点的构建.本综述重点介绍了通过构建活性位点制备原子级分散催化剂在光催化CO_(2)还原中的最新进展,包括两个独立的活性位点、成对双活性位点和基于活性位点构型的纳米团簇.此外,详细讨论了CO_(2)在活性位点上的活化机制和表征方法.特别是考虑到实验研究与实际应用之间的差距,整合实验和理论的结果,以实现潜在的结构-活性关系和高目标产物选择性发展.最后,概述了该领域存在的挑战,并展望了活性位点的合理设计和机理研究.

关键词： photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction precise engineering multiple active sites structure-activity relationships mechanistic investigation

Internal Flow Simulation of High-Performance Solid Rockets using a k-ω Turbulence Model

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Journal of Thermal science 2005年第2期14卷 114-119页

作者： V.R.SANAL KUMAR H.D.KIM B.N.RAGHUNANDAN T.SETOGUCHI S.RAGHUNATHAN Andong National University Andong 760-749 KoreaAndong National University Andong 760-749KoreaIndian Institute of Science Bangalore-560 012IndiaSaga University Honjo-machiSaga 840-8502JapanThe Oueen's University of Belfast Northern IrelandUK

For technological reasons many high-performance solid rocket motors are made from segmented propellant grains with non-uniform port geometry. In this paper parametric studies have been carried out to examine the geometric dependence of transient flow features in solid rockets with non-uniform ports. Numerical computations have been carried out in an inert simulator of solid propellant rocket motor with the aid of a standard k-ω turbulence model. It was seen that the damping of the temperature fluctuation is faster in solid rocket with convergent port than with divergent port geometry. We inferred that the damping of the flow fluctuations using the port geometry is a meaningful objective for the suppression and control of the instability and/or pressure/thrust oscillations during the starting transient of solid rockets.

关键词： solid rockets pressure spike instability thrust oscillation turbulent separation.

Purification and Characterization of Cyclic AMP-Binding Protein from Ganoderma lucidum

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2004年第5期20卷 588-593页

作者： WANGQi KIMJung-Sik CHUNGKi-Chul CollegeofChineseMedicinalMaterials JilinAgriculturalUniversityChangchun130118P.R.China DepartmentofGeneticengineering CollegeofAgricultureChonnamNationalUniversityKwangju500-757Korea

Cyclic AMP-binding protein was purified 30 fold from the mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum by the methods of ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-cellulose, phospho-cellulose ion exchange chromatography and Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration. The molecular mass of the purified protein is 34.5 kDa and 17 kDa by Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration and SDS-ployacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. From these results it is suggested that the protein has a homometric dimmer structure. The pI of the purified protein is pH 8.2 by native isoelectric focusing gel. The half-life of the protein activity in 10% glycerol at 4 ℃ is 7 d in crude extract, but its half-life is only 3 d under purifying conditions. The optimal conditions of the protein activity are at 1 ℃ and pH 7.5. Its activity is increased 6 times by 1 mmol/L Zn^(2+) and is slightly inhibited by cGMP, Cu^(2+) and Mn^(2+).

关键词： cAMP-binding protein Purification Characterization Ganoderma lucidum