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Physicochemical and toxicological characteristics of nanoparticles in aerosols in southern thailand during recent haze episodes in lower southeast Asia

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第8期32卷 72-80页

作者： Jiraporn Chomanee Kunchira Thongboon Surajit Tekasakul Masami Furuuchi Racha Dejchanchaiwong Perapong Tekasakul Department of Basic Science and Mathematics Faculty of ScienceThaksin UniversitySongkhla90000Thailand Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of EngineeringPrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90112Thailand Department of Chemistry Faculty of SciencePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90112Thailand Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaIshikawa920-1192Japan Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringPrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90112Thailand Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringPrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90112Thailand Air Pollution and Health Effect Research Center Prince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90112Thailand

Transboundary haze from biomass burning is one of the most important air pollutions in Southeast Asia.The most recent serious haze episode occurred in 2015.Southern thailand was affected by the haze during September to October when the particulate matter concentration hit a record high.We investigated physical and chemical characteristics of aerosols,including concentration and aerosol size distribution down to sub-micron sizes during haze episodes in 2013 and 2015 and,for reference,an insignificant haze period in 2017.The highest total suspended particulates and PM 10 levels in Hat Yai city were 340.1 and 322.5μg/m^3.The mass fractions were nanoparticles(<100 nm)3.1%-14.8%and fine particles(<1μm)54.6%-59.1%.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon size distributions in haze periods peaked at 0.75μm and the concentrations are 2-30 times higher than the normal period.High molecular weight(4-6 ring)PAHs during the haze episode contribute to about 56.7%-88.0%for nanoparticles.The average values of benzo(a)pyrene toxic equivalency quotient were 3.34±2.54ng/m^3 in the 2015 haze period but only 0.89±0.17 ng/m^3 in 2017.It is clear that particles smaller than 1μm,were highly toxic.Nanoparticles contributed 19.4%-26.0%of total BaP-TEQ,whereas the mass fraction is 13.1%-14.8%.Thus the nanoparticles were more carcinogenic and can cause greater health effect than larger particles.The fraction of BaP-TEQ for nanoparticles during 2017 non-haze period was nearly the same,while the mass fraction was lower.This indicates that nanoparticles are the significant source of carcinogenic aerosols both during haze and non-haze periods.

关键词： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Biomass combustion Air pollution Carcinogenicity Aerosol size distribution

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Environmental risk quotient of the antibiotic,phenotypic,and genotypic profiles for antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli collected from manure and wastewater at swine farms in Prachinburi Province,thailand

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Emerging Contaminants 2022年第1期8卷 340-350页

作者： Chalalai Rueanghiran Atchara Dawanpa Nayika Pinneum Arsooth Sanguankiat Chart Chiemchaisri Wilai Chiemchaisri Watcharapong Sritumpawa Olarn Kijpreedaborisuthi Byeonghwa Jeon Phitsanu Tulayakul Department of Veterinary Public Health Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKasetsart UniversityKamphaeng Saen Campus73140Thailand Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of EngineeringKasetsart University10900Thailand Bureau of Livestock Standards and Certification Department of Livestock Development10400Thailand Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Kasetsart University10900Thailand Environmental Health Science School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaUSA55108 Prachinburi Provincial Livestock Office Department of Livestock Development25000Thailand

Currently,antimicrobial drug resistance is a problem that deserves thoughtful consideration.Especially in the swine production industry,many pig farms tend to release wastewater into natural water sources,which villagers use for their livelihood.This study aimed to demonstrate the occurrence of phenotypic and genotypic resistance characteristics of E.coli,as well as antibiotic residues in manure and wastewater on swine farms in Prachinburi Province,thailand.Samples were collected in 2020 and 2021 during the rainy and summer seasons.The results of a questionnaire showed that farmers used antibiotics for disease treatment and prevention at a ratio of 2/4(50%).The most common antibiotic used was amoxicillin(4/4,100%),followed by Enrofloxacin(75%)and colistin(25%).The analysis of antibiotic residue in wastewater by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(LCMS,LC-MS)during the rainy season revealed that amoxicillin(54%)was the highest,followed by florfenicol(14%)and tiamulin(13%).While oxytetracycline(59%),amoxicillin(20%),and florfenicol(11%)were the highest in the summer.The study of Risk Quotient(RQ)indicated that water resources present a risk of antibiotic contamination by sulfonamides,trimethoprim,b-lactam,quinolones,and tetracycline at high levels(SRQ>1)during both seasons.The minimal inhibitory concentrations(MICs)were determined by an antibiotic susceptibility test(AST),analyzed by microdilution technique,and VITEK®2 Compact.The test result indicated that a total of 143 isolates were found in manure(45/143),pre-treatment(51/143),and final effluent(posttreatment,47/143).ESBL-positive resistance was detected at 13%.However,an immensely high percentage of antimicrobial resistance was found for ampicillin(90%),whereas imipenem did not show any drug resistance(0%).The average MIC value towards colistin in all samples was 2.71 mg/ml,while mcr1 was not found in any samples.Furthermore,MDR was expressed in E.coli at as high as 76.22%(109/143).The highest MDR pattern detected was AMP-TETeFFCeSXT.The PCR technique dete

关键词： Escherichia coli Multidrug resistance Antibiotic residue LC-MS/MS Swine farm Pulse field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)

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Comorbidities in Down syndrome livebirths and health care intervention: an initial experience from the birth defects registry in Southern thailand

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第2期13卷 152-157页

作者： Somchit Jaruratanasirikul Wannee Limpitikul Pathikan Dissaneevate Paveena Booncharoen Pongsak Tantichantakarun Faculty of Medicine Prince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhlaThailand Medical Education Center Songkhla HospitalSongkhlaThailand Medical Education Center Hatyai HospitalHat YaiSongkhlaThailand Medical Education Center Trang HospitalTrangThailand Phatthalung Hospital PhatthalungThailand

Background:Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal disorder causing mental retardation with a worldwide average prevalence of 1-2 cases per 1000 births.This study aimed to determine the comorbidities associated with DS and the coverage of health care services and developmental interventions for DS iivebirths in Southern thailand.Methods:A total of 149 livebirth DS infants,recruited through the prospective birth defects registry system during 2009-2013 in 3 provinces in Southern thailand,were regularly followed-up every 3-6 months.The data collection form included the infants' demographic data,associated congenital anomalies,and developmental interventions.Results:The DS infants were born at an average gestational age of 38.5±2.3 weeks with average birth weight of 2760±478 g,length 48.5±2.2 cm,and head circumference 32.7±1.2 cm.Congenital heart diseases,gastrointestinal defects and congenital hypothyroidism were found in 43.0%,6.7%,and 12.1% of the cases,respectively.The percentage of DS infants who received developmental interventions in this current study were significantly greater than in a previous study covering the years 1992-2002:early stimulation program 90.0% vs.65.6% (Pthailand.One hundred percent coverage of health services and interventions for children with special needs is expected in the near future.

关键词： developmental intervention Down syndrome trisomy 21

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Effect of the Songkran festival on COVID-19 transmission in thailand

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第7期13卷 331-332页

作者： Natcha C.Jitsuk Pikkanet Suttirat Charin Modchang Biophysics Group Department of PhysicsFaculty of ScienceMahidol UniversityBangkok 10400Thailand

In late December 2019,China declared that there were some citizens,in Wuhan,infected by an unknown pathogen[1].The number of infectious patients has increased rapidly,not only in China but also in other countries throughout the world.thailand reported the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected case,who was a traveler from Wuhan,China,on January 3rd,2020.Until March 10th,2020,the number of cases in thailand was 53[2,3].All of these detected cases were travelers from high-risk countries and Thai people who were in very close contact with travelers.

关键词： infected cases thailand

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Vegetation greenness modeling in response to climate change for Northeast thailand

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2013年第6期23卷 1052-1068页

作者： Watinee THAVORNTAM Netnapid TANTEMSAPYA Department of Environmental Engineering Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management Khon Kaen University KhonKaen 40002 Thailand

In Northeast thailand, the climate change has resulted in erratic rainfall and tem- perature patterns. The region has experienced both periods of drought and seasonal floods with the increasing severity. This study investigated the seasonal variation of vegetation greenness based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） in major land cover types in the region. An assessment of the relationship between climate patterns and vegeta- tion conditions observed from NDVI was made. NDVI data were collected from year 2001 to 2009 using multi-temporal Terra MODIS Vegetation Indices Product （MOD13Q1）. NDVI pro- files were developed to measure vegetation dynamics and variation according to land cover types. Meteorological information, i.e. rainfall and temperature, for a 30 year time span from 1980 to 2009 was analyzed for their patterns. Furthermore, the data taken from the period of 2001-2009, were digitally encoded into GIS database and the spatial patterns of monthly rainfall and temperature maps were generated based on kriging technique. The results showed a decreasing trend in NDVI values for both deciduous and evergreen forests. The highest productivity and biomass were observed in dry evergreen forests and the lowest in paddy fields. Temperature was found to be increasing slightly from 1980 to 2009 while no significant trends in rainfall amounts were observed. In dry evergreen forest, NDVI was not correlated with rainfall but was significant negatively correlated with temperature. These re- sults indicated that the overall productivity in dry evergreen forest was affected by increasing temperatures. A vegetation greenness model was developed from correlations between NDVI and meteorological data using linear regression. The model could be used to observe the change in vegetation greenness and dynamics affected by temperature and rainfall.

关键词： Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） vegetation greenness climate variability modeling

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Simulation of Seasonal Circulations and Thermohaline Variabilities in the Gulf of thailand

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第3期25卷 489-506页

作者： Nitima ASCHARIYAPHOTHA Prungchan WONGWISES Somchai WONGWISES Usa Wannasingha HUMPHRIES 游小宝 The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment King Mongkut's University of Technology ThonburiBangkok 10140Thailand Department of Mechanical Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology ThonburkBangkok 10140Thailand Department of Mathematics King Mongkut's University of Technology ThonburiBangkok 10140Thailand Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029

Based on the Princeton Ocean Model （POM）, the seasonal thermohaline feature and the ocean circulation in the Gulf of thailand （GOT）, situated between 6°N to 14°N latitude and 99°E to 105°E longitude, were studied numerically with 37 × 97 orthogonal curvilinear grid and 10 vertical sigma levels conforming to a realistic bottom topography. A spin-up phase of the first model run was executed using wind stress calculated from climatological monthly mean wind, restoring-type surface heat and salt, and climatological monthly mean fresh water flux data. In this paper, the temperature and salinity fields taken from Levitus94 data sets and the calculated temperature and salinity from the model run for 12-month mean and for each season are presented where the winter, summer, rainy, and end of the rainy seasons of thailand are represented by the months January, April, July, and October, respectively. The simulated circulations are also described. The results show that the temperature in the GoT is warmer than the temperature of the other parts connected to the South China Sea （SCS）. At any depth of inflow from SCS into the GoT, the salinity is high, but in the outflow from the GoT at the surface, the salinity is low. The strong circulations are clockwise during summer and the rainy seasons of thailand, which are the East Asian monsoon periods, northeasterly and southwesterly during summer. They occur near Pattani and Narathiwat provinces during summer and in the central GoT during the rainy seasons. Sensitivity experiments were designed to investigate the effects of wind forcing and open boundary conditions. Wind forcing is shown to be the important factor for generating the circulation in the GoT. The lateral velocity at the open boundaries is of considerable importance to current circulation for the rainy and end of the rainy seasons, with insignificant effect for the winter and summer seasons of thailand.

关键词： seasonal circulation Gulf of thailand spin-up phase thermohaline curvilinear grid

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thailand Experience in Developing Wellness-driven Rice as the Key to Fight NCDs and Farmer Poverty

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粮油食品科技 2020年第5期28卷 57-63页

作者： Apichart Vanavichi Siriphat Ruangpayak Rice Science Center and Agronomy Department Faculty of Agriculture KamphangsaenKasetsart UniversityKamphangsaenNakhonpathom73140Thailand

Prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases(NCDs)is rapidly increasing and has become a global problem in modern day.Over consumption of simple,processed carbohydrate foods is considered one of the main causes of NCD in young and elderly populations.Whole grain rice is an important source of a complex carbohydrate,dietary fiber,enriched with vitamins,minerals,and antioxidants.However,palatability of brown rice is the key success factor among white-rice-addicted communities.In the initial phase,we successfully breed rice strains with aromatic,soft-whole grain,white rice contains high grain-Fe/Zn density and intermediate glycemic index(GI).The most successful variety was uniquely soft-textured black purple rice named Riceberry,depicting rice enriched with blueberry nutritional characteristics.Product development for fiber-rich,high antioxidant has been extremely active from academia,real sectors,and SMEs.In total,39 patent applications(18 granted patents),12 international publications,and 18,700 Youtubes related to Riceberry.From 2017,Riceberry has become the most popular choice for product development surpassing Thai Hommali Rice.More than 200 food and non-food products were commercialized as dairy replacement,side dishes,meals,hot beverages,bakery,and breakfast cereals.In the second phase,we successfully breed low GI rice strains named Pink+4 equipped with farmers’preferred resistance to flash flooding,bacterial leaf blight,leaf blast,and devastating brown planthopper adapted to organic rice production.Innovative products combined of low GI rice flour with purple Riceberry have been the next trend for functional ingredients and foods.These healthy rice products have high potential globally as healthy foods,gluten-free,fiber-rich,complex carbohydrate,and nutrient-dense from sustainable organic farming.

关键词： whole-grain rice non-communicable diseases(NCDs) glycemic Index(GI) riceberry Thai Hommali Rice organic farming flash flooding bacterial leaf blight leaf blast brown planthopper gluten-free foods

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Failure analysis on a heavy rainfall-induced landslide in Huay Khab Mountain in Northern thailand

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第10期18卷 2580-2596页

作者： Veerayut KOMOLVILAS Weeradetch TANAPALUNGKORN Panon LATCHAROTE Suched LIKITLERSUANG Centre of Excellence in Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering Department of Civil EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMahidol UniversityNakhon Pathom 73170Thailand

On 28 th July 2018,a massive landslide occurred in a mountainous area in Northern thailand.The landslide after ten days of heavy rainfall generated the movement of uphill mountain soil into the populated village.This study presents a comprehensive failure analysis of local rainfallinduced landslides based on topographical and geological information.Rainfall measurement data were gathered from two rainfall stations close to the study area.The rainfall records show that the total monthly rainfalls in 2018 were significantly higher than the average monthly rainfalls over the past decade.Site investigation started with an unmanned aerial photogrammetric survey to generate a digital elevation model.Then,dynamic probing test,microtremor survey,and electrical resistivity survey were carried out along undisturbed soils beside the failed slope to evaluate the thickness of the soft soil cover on top of the rock basement.During the site survey,residual soil samples were collected to determine engineering properties in the laboratory.Finally,a slope stability analysis was performed to assess the landslide hazard based on the results of aerial photogrammetric survey,field exploration,and laboratory tests.The slope stability analysis and rainfall records revealed that the Huay Khab landslide was mainly caused by an increase in the water content of residual soils due to the prolonged rainfall which led to a sharp decrease in the shear strength.This leads to the conclusion that the proposed landslide investigation program could be used to assess the potential of landslide failure due to prolonged rainfall on a local scale.

关键词： Rainfall-induced landslide Field exploration Digital Elevation Model Slope stability analysis Northern thailand

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Current state of cancer patient care incorporating Thai traditional medicine in thailand: A qualitative study

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第1期18卷 41-45页

作者： Preecha Nootim Nattiya Kapol Waranee Bunchuailua Panoopat Poompruek Parankul Tungsukruthai Department of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine Ministry of Public HealthMueangNonthaburi 11000Thailand Faculty of Pharmacy Silpakorn UniversityMueangNakhon Pathom 73000Thailand Department of Community Pharmacy Faculty of PharmacySilpakorn UniversityMueangNakhon Pathom 73000Thailand Chulabhorn International College of Medicine Thammasat UniversityKhlong LuangPathum Thani 12120Thailand

Objective: To assess the current state of cancer treatment incorporating Thai traditional medicine(TTM)and to identify problems in the system, by using the health system framework of the World Health Organization.Methods: A qualitative study was conducted by interviewing three groups of people involved in the healthcare system. The groups were constructed via purposive sampling of patients with cancer, caregivers and service providers. The study groups included 37 individuals from five TTM hospitals. Indepth interviews were conducted from October 2017 to March 2018. The interview questions were developed based on the six building blocks of a health system framework. Free form answers from participants were analyzed and interpreted to develop the study conclusions.Results: All five TTM hospitals provided treatment to patients with cancer based on provincial public health policy. The policy allows patients with cancer to obtain TTM services in outpatient and inpatient departments and via home visits;most patients used outpatient services. The TTM services were primarily provided by TTM practitioners and included massage, herbal steam, herbal compress and meditation.Herbal medicines were widely used and included Benja-amarit, an anticancer formulation made from Wat Khampramong and Phytoplex. The problems included poor acceptance of TTM practitioners by other healthcare practitioners, lack of experience among TTM practitioners in treating patients with cancer,lack of herbal medicine research trials, contamination in herbal medicine preparations and absence of practical treatment guidelines.Conclusion: TTM is an alternative treatment modality for patients with cancer and is supported by a national policy in thailand. To increase accountability to patients and other practitioners, TTM treatments should be refined to rely on scientific principles and practitioners of TTM should receive academic training. Practical treatment guidelines need to be established and thoroughly disseminated to TTM practitioners.

关键词： Cancer Hospital Qualitative research Traditional medicine Patient care

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The genetic polymorphism of Plasmodium vivax genes in endemic regions of thailand

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第12期4卷 931-936页

作者： Varakorn Kosaisavee Ian Hastings Alister Craig Usa Lek-Uthai Department of Parasitology and Entomology Faculty of Public HealthMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand Faculty of Graduate Studies Mahidol University.NakornpathomThailand Department of Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology.Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Pembroke PlaceLiverpoolUK

Objective:To investigate the genetic polymorphism of Plasmodium vivax(P.vivax) PvCSP and PvMSP1 genes from field isolates at four endemic regions(North,East,West and South) of thailand.Methods:The 152 P.vivax injected cases from dried blood spots were DMA extracted and confirmed by species-specific primer sets using multiplex PCR method.PvMSPI fragments F2 and F3:PvCSP were gcnotvped using RFLP-PCR method.Resuits:Totally amplified DNA which was multiple genotypes for PvMSP1 F2 and PvMSP1 F3 were 12.50%and 8.55%.respectively while PvCSP was 3.95%.The overall frequency of multiple genotypes was 25%.There were 12 allele tvpes of PvMSP1 F2 using AluI enzyme digestion and 8 size variations were found in P\MSP1 F3.The isolates from western region was highly genetic diverse when compare among all isolates.The predominant variant type of PvCSP gene was \ K2I0 type.Conclusions:The niulliple genotypes are common found in thailand and it might hide the real genotype.PvCSP does not have extensive genetic diversity in this study.However.PvMSPI marker due to multiple genotypes is difficult In be analyzed.The multiple genotypes findings might stem from population migration and vector species findings.

关键词： Genetic polymorphism Plasmodium vivax PvMSP1 PvCSP

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