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Residual levels and health risk assessment of trace metals in Chinese resident diet

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 451-459页

作者： Yubing Dai Shuai Sun Rong Cao Haijun Zhang Jiping Chen Ningbo Geng CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Large-scale metal contamination across the food web is an intractable problem due to increasing pollutant emissions,atmospheric transport,and dry and wet deposition of *** present study focus on several trace metals that are rarely studied but have special toxicity,including tin(Sn),antimony(Sb),gold(Au),hafnium(Hf),palladium(Pd),platinum(Pt),ruthenium(Ru),tellurium(Te)and iridium(Ir).We investigated trace metals residues and distribution characteristics,and further evaluated the potential health risks from major daily food intakes in 33 cities in ***,Sb,Ir,Hf,and Au were frequently detected in food samples with the concentrations ranged from ND(not detected)to 24.78μg/kg ww(wet weight).Eggs exhibited the highest residual level of all detected metals(13.70±14.70μg/kg ww in sum),while the lowest concentrations were observed in vegetables(0.53±0.17μg/kg ww in sum).Sn accounting for more than 50%of the total trace metals concentration in both terrestrial and aquatic animal origin *** terrestrial plant origin foods,Sn and Ir were the most abundant *** and Au were the most abundant elements in egg *** addition,Sb and Ir showed a clear trophic dilution effect in terrestrial environments,while in aquatic ecosystems,Sn,Hf,and Au exhibited obvious trophic amplification *** calculated average estimated daily intake(EDI)via food consumption in five regions of China was 0.09μg/(kg·day),implying the health risk of aforementioned elements was acceptable.

关键词： Trace metals Accumulation characteristics Dietary exposure Estimated daily intake(EDI)

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First spectroscopic study of HFRC plasma

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Plasma Science and technology 2024年第8期26卷 18-24页

作者：毛安程芝峰饶波杨菁珉张明 International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China

An advanced spectral diagnostic system was developed to measure the electron temperature(T_(e)),electron density(N_(e)),and ion temperature(T_(i))of the Huazhong University of Science and technology field-reversed configuration *** system consists of an optic fiber spectrometer with a wide spectral band and a 670 mm focal length high throughout Czerny-Turner monochromator equipped with both a 3600 g mm^(-1)grating and a 2400 g mm^(-1)grating to measure the line *** these components is an electronmultiplying charge-coupled device camera to capture spectral *** relative intensity of the optical fiber spectrometer was calibrated using a standard luminance source,and the wavelength calibration of the spectrometer was accomplished using a Hg/Ar *** diagnostic setup was configured to measure electron density based on the Stark effect of H_γ(n=5→n=2;434.04 nm).Doppler broadening of an OⅢ(2s^(2)2p(^(2)P^(0))3p→2s^(2)2p(^(2)P^(0))3s;375.988 nm)emission line was measured and analyzed to obtain the ion temperature,and electron temperatures were estimated from the relative strength of H_(β)(n=4→n=2;486.14 nm)(D_(β))and H_(γ)(D_(γ))spectral lines when the electron density was obtained from Stark effect *** initial experimental results indicate that the highest electron temperature of the formation region was approximately 8 eV,the electron density of the colliding-and-merging region was approaching 10^(20)m^(-3),and the ion temperature reached about 40 eV.

关键词： Stark effect Doppler effect ion temperature electron density electron temperature

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Optimized the vanadium electrolyte with sulfate-phosphoric mixed acids to enhance the stable operation at high-temperature

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 13-26页

作者： Ling Ge Tao Liu Yimin Zhang Hong Liu School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Hubei Collaborative innovation Center for High Efficient Utilization of Vanadium Resources Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Hubei Provincial Engineering technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Herein, the influence of the concentration design and comprehensive performance of the sulfate-phosphoric mixed acid system electrolyte is investigated to realize an electrolyte that maintains high energy density and stable operation at high temperatures. Static stability tests have shown that VOPO4 precipitation occurs only with vanadium(V) electrolyte. The concentration of vanadium ion of 2.0–2.2 mol·L^(–1), phosphoric acid of 0.10–0.15 mol·L^(–1), and sulfuric acid of 2.5–3.0 mol·L^(–1) are suitable for a vanadium redox flow battery in the temperature range from –20 to 50 ℃. The equations for predicting the viscosity and conductivity of electrolytes are obtained by the response surface method. The optimized electrolyte overcomes precipitation generation. It has 2.8 times higher energy density than the non-phosphate electrolyte, and a coulomb efficiency of 94.0% at 50 ℃. The sulfate-phosphoric mixed acid system electrolyte promotes the electrode reaction process, increases the current density, and reduces the resistance. This work systematically optimizes the concentrations of composition of positive and negative vanadium electrolytes with mixed sulfate-phosphoric acid. It provides a basis for the different valence states and comprehensive properties of sulfate-phosphoric mixed acid system vanadium electrolytes under extreme environments, guiding engineering applications.

关键词： all vanadium redox flow battery mixed-acid vanadium electrolyte concentration optimization response surface methodology high-temperature stability

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Hypothalamic circuits and aging:keeping the circadian clock updated

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1919-1928页

作者： Rosa Vázquez-Lizarraga Lucia Mendoza-Viveros Carolina Cid-Castro Sareni Ruiz-Montoya Erick Carreño-Vázquez Ricardo Orozco-Solis Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica(INMEGEN) México CityMéxico Centro de Investigacíon sobre el Envejecimiento Centro de Investigacíon y de Estudios Avanzados(CIE-CINVESTAV)México CityMéxico Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAMMéxico CityMéxico

Over the past century,age-related diseases,such as cancer,type-2 diabetes,obesity,and mental illness,have shown a significant increase,negatively impacting overall quality of *** on aged animal models have unveiled a progressive discoordination at multiple regulatory levels,including transcriptional,translational,and post-translational processes,resulting from cellular stress and circadian *** circadian clock emerges as a key regulator,sustaining physiological homeostasis and promoting healthy aging through timely molecular coordination of pivotal cellular processes,such as stem-cell function,cellular stress responses,and inter-tissue communication,which become disrupted during *** the crucial role of hypothalamic circuits in regulating organismal physiology,metabolic control,sleep homeostasis,and circadian rhythms,and their dependence on these processes,strategies aimed at enhancing hypothalamic and circadian function,including pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches,offer systemic benefits for healthy *** brain-directed drug administration represents a promising avenue for effectively targeting specific brain regions,like the hypothalamus,while reducing side effects associated with systemic drug delivery,thereby presenting new therapeutic possibilities for diverse age-related conditions.

关键词： aging astrocytes cellular stress responses circadian clock hypothalamus intranasal drug administration metabolic control nutrient sensor SIRT1 sleep homeostasis

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The virulence regulator AbsR in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli has pleiotropic effects on bacterial physiology

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 649-668页

作者： Dongfang Zhao Haobo Zhang Xinyang Zhang Fengwei Jiang Yijing Li Wentong Cai Ganwu Li State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150069China College of Veterinary Medicine Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150038China National Animal Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Division of Zoonoses SurveillanceChina Animal Health and Epidemiology CenterQingdao 266032China Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineIowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011-1134the United States

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli(APEC)belonging to extraintestinal pathogenic ***(ExPEC)can cause severe infections in extraintestinal tissues in birds and humans,such as the lungs and ***(microcin production regulation,locus A,herein renamed AbsR,a blood survival regulator),a member of the MarR(multiple antibiotic resistance regulator)transcriptional regulator family,governs the expression of capsule biosynthetic genes in human ExPEC and represents a promising druggable target for ***,a deep understanding of the AbsR regulatory mechanism as well as its regulon is *** this study,we present a systems-level analysis of the APEC AbsR regulon using ChIP-Seq(chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing)and RNA-Seq(RNA sequencing)*** found that AbsR directly regulates 99 genes and indirectly regulates 667 ***,we showed that:1)AbsR contributes to antiphagocytotic effects by macrophages and virulence in a mouse model for systemic infection by directly activating the capsular gene cluster;2)AbsR positively impacts biofilm formation via direct regulation of the T2SS(type II secretion system)but plays a marginal role in virulence;and 3)AbsR directly upregulates the acid tolerance signaling system EvgAS to withstand acid stress but is dispensable in ExPEC ***,our data indicate that the role of AbsR in virulence gene regulation is relatively conserved in ExPEC ***,this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the AbsR regulon and regulatory mechanism,and our data suggest that AbsR likely influences virulence primarily through the control of capsule ***,we found that AbsR severely represses the expression of the type I-F CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas(CRISPR associated)systems,which could have implications in CRISPR biology and application.

关键词： avian pathogenic Escherichia coli(APEC) extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli(ExPEC) AbsR RNA-Seq ChIP-Seq gene regulation

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Preweaning period is a critical window for rumen microbial regulation of average daily gain in Holstein heifer calves

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 396-411页

作者： Shengyang Xu Chong Jiao Qiyu Diao Yan Tu Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition Institute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China

Background Rumen bacterial groups can affect growth performance,such as average daily gain(ADG),feed intake,and *** study aimed to investigate the inter-relationship of rumen bacterial composition,rumen fermentation indicators,serum indicators,and growth performance of Holstein heifer calves with different *** calves were chosen from a trail with 60 calves and divided into higher ADG(HADG,high pre-and post-weaning ADG,n=6)and lower ADG(LADG,low pre-and post-weaning ADG,n=6)groups to investigate differences in bacterial composition and functions and host *** During the preweaning period,the relative abundances of propionate producers,including g_norank_f_Butyricicoccaceae,g_Pyramidobacter,and g_norank_f_norank_o_Clostridia_vadin BB60_group,were higher in HADG calves(LDA>2,P<0.05).Enrichment of these bacteria resulted in increased levels of propionate,a gluconeogenic precursor,in preweaning HADG calves(adjusted P<0.05),which consequently raised serum glucose concentrations(adjusted P<0.05).In contrast,the relative abundances of rumen bacteria in post-weaning HADG calves did not exert this ***,no significant differences were observed in rumen fermentation parameters and serum indices between the two *** The findings of this study revealed that the preweaning period is the window of opportunity for rumen bacteria to regulate the ADG of calves.

关键词： Average daily gain Calves Preweaning period Rumen microbiota

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High-precision X-ray polarimeter based on channel-cut crystals

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 30-39页

作者： Shang-Yu Si Zhong-Liang Li Wen-Hong Jia Lian Xue Hong-Xin Luo Jian-Cai Xu Bai-Fei Shen Lin-Gang Zhang Liang-Liang Ji Yu-Xin Leng Ren-Zhong Tai Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

We report on using synthetic silicon for a high-precision X-ray polarimeter comprising a polarizer and an analyzer,each based on a monolithic channel-cut crystal used at multiple Brewster reflections with a Bragg angle very close to 45°.Experiments were performed at the BL09B bending magnet beamline of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility using a Si(800)crystal at an X-ray energy of 12.914 keV.A polarization purity of 8.4×10^(-9)was *** result is encouraging,as the measured polarization purity is the best-reported value for the bending magnet ***,this is the firstly systematic study on the hard X-ray polarimeter in China,which is crucial for exploring new physics,such as verifying vacuum birefringence.

关键词： X-ray polarimeter Vacuum birefringence Synchrotron radiation Channel-cut crystal

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Protective mechanism of Coprinus comatus polysaccharide on acute alcoholic liver injury in mice,the metabolomics and gut microbiota investigation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 401-413页

作者： Jinyan Yu Jianguang Sun Min Sun Weidong Li Dongmei Qi Yongqing Zhang Chunchao Han School of Pharmacy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250355China Hepatology Department of Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250355China Experimental center Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250355China

Coprinus comatus polysaccharide(CCP)has significant hepatoprotective *** explore hepatoprotective mechanism of CCP,the study analyzed preventive effect of CCP on acute alcoholic liver injury in mice by histopathological examination and biochemical ***,hepatoprotective mechanism was also analyzed in conjunction with metabolomics and proliferation of gut *** results showed that CCP significantly decreased alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and triglyceride(TG)levels in serum of alcoholic liver disease(ALD)*** examination showed that CCP can significantly improve liver *** results showed that there were significant differences in the level of metabolites in liver tissue of control group,ALD group and CCP group,including taurine,xanthosine,fumaric acid and arachidonic acid,among *** pathways analysis showed that hepatoprotective effect of CCP was related to energy metabolism,biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids,amino acids metabolism and lipid ***,CCP inhibited an increase in the number of Clostridium perfringens,Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus,and a decrease in the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the gut of ALD *** these findings suggested that CCP treatment reversed the phenotype of ethanol-induced liver injury and the associated metabolites pathways.

关键词： Coprinus comatus Polysaccharide Alcoholic liver disease Metabolomics Gut microbiota

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Research on denoising of joint detection signal of water quality with multi-parameter based on IEEMD

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第2期20卷 107-115页

作者： LI Wen LI Dejian MA Yongyue TIAN Wang WEN Xin LI Jie Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China1

An improved ensemble empirical mode decomposition(IEEMD) is suggested to process water quality spectral signals in order to address the issue that noise interference makes it difficult to extract and evaluate water quality spectral *** algorithm effectively solves the problems of modal mixing,poor reconstruction accuracy in the empirical mode decomposition(EMD),and a large amount of calculation in the ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD).Based on EEMD,IEEMD firstly preprocesses the original water quality spectral signals,then performs Savitzky-Golay(S-G) smoothing on the decomposed effective intrinsic mode function(IMF) components,and finally reconstructs them to obtain the denoised *** sample data at different concentrations can be accurately analyzed based on the noise-reduced spectral *** this paper,three water quality parameters are used as research objects:benzene(C_(6)H_(6)),benzo(b)fluoranthene(C_(20)H_(12)),and chemical oxygen demand(COD).The original water quality multi-parameter(C_(6)H_(6),C_(20)H_(12),COD) spectral signals were subjected to denoising based on the IEEMD and the water quality multi-parameter joint detection *** signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) and the correlation coefficient(R^(2)) of the fitted curves obtained from the processing of the IEEMD were compared and analyzed with those obtained from the processing of the EMD and the *** experimental results show that the SNR of the spectral signals and the R^(2) of the fitting curve in three water quality parameters have been significantly ***,the IEEMD effectively improves the phenomenon of modal mixing,reduces the amount of calculation,improves the reconstruction accuracy,and provides an important guarantee for the effective extraction of multi-parameter spectral signals of water quality.

关键词： signal parameter noise

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Alterations of soil aggregates and intra-aggregate organic carbon fractions after soil conversion from paddy soils to upland soils:Distribution,mineralization and driving mechanism

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 121-135页

作者： Longfei KANG Jiamei WU Chunfeng ZHANG Baoguo ZHU Guixin CHU College of Life Science Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing 312000China The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture Xinjiang Production and Construction Group/Department of Resources and Environmental SciencesAgronomy CollegeShihezi UniversityShihezi 832000China Hunan Institute of Agricultural Environment and Ecology Changsha 410000China Jiamusi Branch Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesJiamusi 154007China

Investigating the impacts of soil conversion on soil organic carbon(OC) content and its fractions within soil aggregates is essential for defining better strategies to improve soil structure and OC sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the consequences of soil conversion from paddy soil to upland soil for soil aggregates and intra-aggregate OC pools are poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify the effects of soil conversion on soil aggregate and intra-aggregate OC pool distributions. Four typical rice-producing areas were chosen in North and South China, paired soil samples(upland soil converted from paddy soil more than ten years ago vs. adjacent paddy soil) were collected(0–20 cm) with three replicates in each area. A set of core parameters(OC preservation capacity, aggregate carbon(C) turnover, and biological activity index) were evaluated to assess the responses of intra-aggregate OC turnover to soil conversion. Results showed that soil conversion from paddy soil to upland soil significantly improved the formation of macro-aggregates and increased aggregate stability. It also notably decreased soil intra-aggregate OC pools, including easily oxidized OCa(EOCa), particulate OCa(POCa), and mineral-bound(MOCa) OC, and the sensitivity of aggregate-associated OC pools to soil conversion followed the order: EOCa(average reduction of 21.1%) > MOCa(average reduction of 15.4%) > POCa(average reduction of 14.8%). The potentially mineralizable C(C_(0)) was significantly higher in upland soil than in paddy soil, but the corresponding decay constant(k) was lower in upland soil than in paddy soil. Random forest model and partial correlation analysis showed that EOCa and pH were the important nutrient and physicochemical factors impacting k of C mineralization in paddy soil,while MOCa and C-related enzyme(β-D-cellobiohydrolase) were identified as the key factors in upland soil. In conclusion, this study evidenced that soil conversion

关键词： decay constant easily oxidized organic C macro-aggregate meso-aggregate micro-aggregate mineral-bound organic C particulate organic C potentially mineralizable C

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