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Bioprinting of inorganic-biomaterial/neural-stem-cell constructs for multiple tissue regeneration and functional recovery

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national Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 228-244页

作者： Hongjian Zhang Chen Qin Zhe Shi Jianmin Xue Jianxin Hao Jinzhou Huang Lin Du Hongxu Lu Chengtie Wu State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Tissue regeneration is a complicated process that relies on the coordinated effort of the nervous, vascular and immune systems. While the nervous system plays a crucial role in tissue regeneration, current tissue engineering approaches mainly focus on restoring the function of injury-related cells, neglecting the guidance provided by nerves. This has led to unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes. Herein, we propose a new generation of engineered neural constructs from the perspective of neural induction, which offers a versatile platform for promoting multiple tissue regeneration. Specifically, neural constructs consist of inorganic biomaterials and neural stem cells(NSCs), where the inorganic biomaterials endows NSCs with enhanced biological activities including proliferation and neural differentiation. Through animal experiments, we show the effectiveness of neural constructs in repairing central nervous system injuries with function recovery. More importantly, neural constructs also stimulate osteogenesis, angiogenesis and neuromuscular junction formation, thus promoting the regeneration of bone and skeletal muscle, exhibiting its versatile therapeutic performance. These findings suggest that the inorganic-biomaterial/NSC-based neural platform represents a promising avenue for inducing the regeneration and function recovery of varying tissues and organs.

关键词： 3D bioprinting neural stem cells inorganic biomaterials neural constructs multiple tissue regeneration

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Plutonium utilization in a small modular molten-salt reactor based on a batch fuel reprocessing scheme

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 15-28页

作者： Xue-Chao Zhao Rui Yan Gui-Feng Zhu Ya-Fen Liu Jian Guo Xiang-Zhou Cai Yang Zou Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China CAS Innovative Academies in TMSR Energy System Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

A molten salt reactor(MSR)has outstanding features considering the application of thorium fuel,inherent safety,sustainability,and resistance to ***,fissile material^(233)U is significantly rare at the current stage,thus it is difficult for MSR to achieve a pure thorium-uranium fuel ***,using plutonium or enriched uranium as the initial fuel for MSR is more *** this study,we aim to verify the feasibility of a small modular MSR that utilizes plutonium as the starting fuel(SM-MSR-Pu),and highlight its advantages and ***,the structural design and fuel management scheme of the SM-MSR-Pu were ***,the neutronic characteristics,such as the graphite-irradiation lifetime,burn-up performance,and coefficient of temperature reactivity were calculated to analyze the physical characteristics of the *** results indicate that plutonium is a feasible and advantageous starting fuel for a SM-MSR;however,there are certain shortcomings that need to be *** a 250 MWth SM-MSR-Pu,approximately 288.64 kg^(233)U of plutonium with a purity of greater than 90% is produced while 978.00 kg is burned every ten *** temperature reactivity coefficient decreases from -4.0 to -6.5 pcm K^(-1) over the 50-year operating time,which ensures a long-term safe ***,the amount of plutonium and accumulation of minor actinides(MAs)would increase as the burn-up time increases,and the annual production and purity of^(233)U will *** achieve an optimal burn-up performance,setting the entire operation time to 30 years is ***,more than 3600 kg of plutonium eventually accumulate in the *** research is required to effectively utilize this accumulated plutonium.

关键词： Molten salt fuel Plutonium utilization ^(233)U TRUs mole fraction Temperature feedback coefficient

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Fu-Zheng-Yi-Liu Formula inhibits the stem cells and metastasis of prostate cancer via tumor-associated macrophages/C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 pathway in tumor microenvironment

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chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第6期22卷 501-514页

作者： CHEN Chiwei HUANG Renlun WANG Neng ZHENG Yifeng ZHOU Jianfu YANG Bowen WANG Xuan ZHANG Juping PAN Bo CHEN Zhiqiang WANG Shengqi WANG Zhiyu XIANG Songtao The research Center of Integrative Cancer Medicine Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicinethe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510000China The First Clinical College of Guangzhou University of chinese Medicine Guangzhou 510000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical research on Traditional chinese Medicine Syndrome Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510000China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Lab on chinese Medicine and Immune Disease research Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510000China The research Center for Integrative Medicine School of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510000China State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of chinese Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510000China

Prostate cancer(PCa)is the second most common malignancy among men *** Fu-Zheng-Yi-Liu(FZYL)Formula has been widely utilized in the treatment of *** study investigates whether the FZYL Formula can inhibit PCa by tar-geting the TAMs/CCL5 *** conducted in vitro co-cultures and in vivo co-injections of PCa cells and TAMs to mimic their *** showed that the FZYL Formula significantly reduced the proliferation,colony formation,subpopulations of PCSCs,and sphere-formation efficacy of PCa cells,even in the presence of TAM ***,the Formula markedly decreased the migration,invasion,and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of PCa cells induced by *** FZYL Formula also reversed M2 phenotype polarization in TAMs and dose-dependently reduced their CCL5 expression and secretion,with minimal cytotoxicity *** studies confirmed that the TAMs/CCL5 axis is a critical target of the FZYL Formula,as the addition of exogen-ous CCL5 partially reversed the formula’s inhibitory effects on PCSCs self-renewal in the co-culture ***,the Formula also significantly inhibited the growth of PCa xenografts,bone metastasis,and PCSCs activity in vivo by targeting the TAMs/CCL5 ***,this study not only elucidates the immunomodulatory mechanism of the FZYL Formula in PCa therapy but also highlights the TAMs/CCL5 axis as a promising therapeutic target.

关键词： Traditional chinese medicine Tumor-associated macrophages Prostate cancer stem cells CCL5 Tumor microenvironment

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State-of-the-art on the anchorage performance of rock bolts subjected to shear load

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第1期11卷 1-30页

作者： Yu Chen Haodong Xiao School of Civil Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai519082China

Rock bolts are extensively utilized in underground engineering as a means of offering support and stability to rock masses in tunnels,mines,and other underground *** environments of high ground stress,faults or weak zones can frequently arise in rock formations,presenting a significant challenge for engineering and potentially leading to underground engineering *** bolts serve as a crucial structural element for the transmission of tensile stress and are capable of withstanding shear loads to prevent sliding of weak zones within rock ***,a complete understanding of the behavior of rock bolts subjected to shear loads is *** paper presents a state-of-the-art review of the research progress of rock bolts subjected to shear load in three categories:experiment,numerical simulation,and analytical *** review focuses on the research studies and developments in this area since the 1970s,providing a comprehensive overview of numerous factors that influence the anchorage performance of rock *** factors include the diameter and angle of the rock bolt installation,rock strength,grouting material,bolt material,borehole diameter,rock bolt preload,normal stress,joint surface roughness and joint expansion *** paper reviews the improvement of mechanical parameter setting in numerical simulation of rock bolt ***,it delves into the optimization of the analytical model concerning rock bolt shear theory,approached from the perspectives of both Elastic foundation beam theory coupled with Elastoplasticity theory and Structural mechanic *** significance of this review lies in its ability to provide insights into the mechanical behavior of rock *** paper also highlights the limitations of current research and guidelines for further research of rock bolts.

关键词： Rock bolt Shear load Shear test Numerical simulation Analytical model

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Charge 4e superconductor: A wavefunction approach

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Science Bulletin 2024年第15期69卷 2328-2331页

作者： Pengfei Li Kun Jiang Jiangping Hu Beijing national Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Kavli Institute of Theoretical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Beijing 100190China

The BCS theory of superconductivity is one of milestones in condensed matter physics, which successfully unveils the nature of this macroscopic quantum phenomenon at a microscopic level[1,2]. The essential ingredients for any superconductors (SCs) are the two-electron Cooper pairs and their phase coherence [2],where electrons bind together two by two and condense to form a coherent quantum state, as illustrated in Fig. 1a.

关键词： quantum superconductor coherent

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Large-field objective lens for multi-wavelength microscopy at mesoscale and submicron resolution

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第6期7卷 41-56页

作者： Xin Xu Qin Luo Jixiang Wang Yahui Song Hong Ye Xin Zhang Yi He Minxuan Sun Ruobing Zhang Guohua Shi School of Biomedical Engineering(Suzhou) Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and TechnologyChinese Academy of ScienceSuzhou 215163China

Conventional microscopes designed for submicron resolution in biological research are hindered by a limited field of view,typically around 1 *** restriction poses a challenge when attempting to simultaneously analyze various parts of a sample,such as different brain *** addition,conventional objective lenses struggle to perform consistently across the required range of wavelengths for brain imaging in *** we present a novel mesoscopic objective lens with an impressive field of view of 8 mm,a numerical aperture of 0.5,and a working wavelength range from 400 to 1000 *** achieved a resolution of 0.74μm in fluorescent beads *** versatility of this lens was further demonstrated through high-quality images of mouse brain and kidney sections in a wide-field imaging system,a confocal laser scanning system,and a two-photon imaging *** mesoscopic objective lens holds immense promise for advancing multi-wavelength imaging of large fields of view at high resolution.

关键词： mesoscopic objective lens large field-of-view high resolution multi-wavelength wide-field microscopy confocal laser scanning microscopy

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Theoretical probe into universal tetrad effect for complexation discrepancy between lanthanide elements and organophosphoric extractant diethyl phosphoric acid

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1142-1148,I0006页

作者： Haifeng Zheng Yanling Li Xuyi Zhang Jinglu Han Songsong Li Guolong Wu Qingshi Liu Xiaojuan Liu Wuping Liao State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of SciencesGanzhou341000China

The deep understanding of 4f-correlated electron motion behavior is experimentally limited due to similar physicochemical properties of rare earth elements(REEs).While the solvent extraction behavior originating from the continuous occupation of 4f electrons along the lanthanide family provides a particular platform to probe the 4f electrons motion behavior and its correlations to their versatile ***,the complexation between REEs and the prototypical extractant of diethyl phosphoric acid(DEP)was substantially studied based on quantum mechanical *** results firstly show that the average bond lengths between Ln and six coordinated oxygen atoms are consistent with lanthanide contraction phenomenon,and gadolinium break effect is also obviously ***,the"tetrad effect"is figured out based on the subtle discrepancy of 4f electrons occupation,namely La-Nd,Sm-Eu,Gd-Dy and ***,the main composition is 4f5d6p for La-Nd,while the discrepancy is due to the increasing electrons in the 5d shell,while it is 4f5d for *** Gd-Dy,their 4f orbitals accept little electrons and the donating electrons flow into 6s5d subshells due to the half-filled stability and the enhancement of shielding *** electrons donate into 5d6p subshells due to multiply electrons occupation of 4f orbitals for *** detailed analyses obviously clarify the"tetrad effect"along the lanthanide family due to the different variation of 4f orbital *** is expected that these microscopic understandings provide important guidance for the separation of REEs and the design of new extractants.

关键词： Theoretical calculation Rare earths 4f electron Tetrad effect Gadolinium break

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Topological edge and corner states of valley photonic crystals with zipper-like boundary conditions

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chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 480-491页

作者：沈云峰许孝芳孙铭周文佶常雅箐 School of Mechanical Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212000China School of Optical and Electronic Information Suzhou City University&Suzhou Key Laboratory of BiophotonicsSuzhou 215104China

We present a stable valley photonic crystal(VPC)unit cell with C_(3v)symmetric quasi-ring-shaped dielectric columns and realize its topological phase transition by breaking mirror *** on this unit cell structure,topological edge states(TESs)and topological corner states(TCSs)are *** obtain a new type of wave transmission mode based on photonic crystal zipper-like boundaries and apply it to a beam splitter assembled from rectangular photonic crystals(PCs).The constructed beam splitter structure is compact and possesses frequency separation *** addition,we construct a box-shaped triangular PC structures with zipper-like boundaries and discover phenomena of TCSs in the corners,comparing its corner states with those formed by other *** on this,we explore the regularities of the electric field patterns of TESs and TCSs,explain the connection between the characteristic frequencies and locality of TCSs,which helps better control photons and ensures low power consumption of the system.

关键词： valley photonic crystal topological edge states topological corner states higher-order topological insulators topological phase transition

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Constraints on axion-like particles from the observation of Galactic sources by the LHAASO

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chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 232-239页

作者：李军毕效军高林青黄晓渊姚润民殷鹏飞 Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210033China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China

High-energy photons may oscillate with axion-like particles(ALPs)when they propagate through the Milky Way's magnetic field,resulting in an alteration in the observed photon energy ***-high energy gamma-ray spectra,measured by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory(LHAASO)up to O(1)PeV,provide a promising opportunity to investigate the ALP-photon oscillation *** this study,we utilize the gamma-ray spectra of four Galactic sources measured by the LHAASO,that is,the Crab Nebula,LHAASO J2226+6057,LHAASO J1908+0621,and LHAASO J1825-1326,to explore this *** employ the CLsmethod to set constraints on the ALP *** analysis of the observations of the four sources reveals that the ALPphoton coupling gaγis constrained to be smaller than 1.4×10^(-1)0GeV^(-1)for an ALP mass of~4×10^(-7)eV at 95%*** the observations of the Crab Nebula from the LHAASO and other experiments,we find that the ALP-photon coupling may be set to approximately 7.5×10^(-11)GeV^(-1)for an ALP mass of~4×10^(-7)eV,which is similar to the CAST constraint.

关键词： axion-like particles gamma-ray Galactic sources

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Ultrasound sensing with optical microcavities

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1487-1511页

作者： Xuening Cao Hao Yang Zu-Lei Wu Bei-Bei Li Beijing national Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808 GuangdongChina

Ultrasound sensors play an important role in biomedical imaging,industrial nondestructive inspection,*** ultrasound sensors that use piezoelectric transducers face limitations in sensitivity and spatial resolution when miniaturized,with typical sizes at the millimeter to centimeter *** overcome these challenges,optical ultrasound sensors have emerged as a promising alternative,offering both high sensitivity and spatial *** particular,ultrasound sensors utilizing high-quality factor(Q)optical microcavities have achieved unprecedented performance in terms of sensitivity and bandwidth,while also enabling mass production on silicon *** this review,we focus on recent advances in ultrasound sensing applications using three types of optical microcavities:Fabry-Perot cavities,π-phase-shifted Bragg gratings,and whispering gallery mode *** provide an overview of the ultrasound sensing mechanisms employed by these microcavities and discuss the key parameters for optimizing ultrasound ***,we survey recent advances in ultrasound sensing using these microcavity-based approaches,highlighting their applications in diverse detection scenarios,such as photoacoustic imaging,ranging,and particle *** goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the latest advances in ultrasound sensing with optical microcavities and their potential for future development in high-performance ultrasound imaging and sensing technologies.

关键词： optical millimeter offering

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