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Nanoparticles for the treatment of spinal cord injury

Neural Regeneration research 2025年第6期20卷 1665-1680页

作者： Qiwei Yang Di Lu Jiuping Wu Fuming Liang Huayi Wang Junjie Yang Ganggang Zhang Chen Wang Yanlian Yang Ling Zhu Xinzhi Sun Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijingChina University of chinese academy of sciences BeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Spinal cord injuries lead to significant loss of motor, sensory, and autonomic functions, presenting major challenges in neural regeneration. Achieving effective therapeutic concentrations at injury sites has been a slow process, partly due to the difficulty of delivering drugs effectively. Nanoparticles, with their targeted delivery capabilities, biocompatibility, and enhanced bioavailability over conventional drugs, are garnering attention for spinal cord injury treatment. This review explores the current mechanisms and shortcomings of existing treatments, highlighting the benefits and progress of nanoparticle-based approaches. We detail nanoparticle delivery methods for spinal cord injury, including local and intravenous injections, oral delivery, and biomaterial-assisted implantation, alongside strategies such as drug loading and surface modification. The discussion extends to how nanoparticles aid in reducing oxidative stress, dampening inflammation, fostering neural regeneration, and promoting angiogenesis. We summarize the use of various types of nanoparticles for treating spinal cord injuries, including metallic, polymeric, protein-based, inorganic non-metallic, and lipid nanoparticles. We also discuss the challenges faced, such as biosafety, effectiveness in humans, precise dosage control, standardization of production and characterization, immune responses, and targeted delivery in vivo. Additionally, we explore future directions, such as improving biosafety, standardizing manufacturing and characterization processes, and advancing human trials. Nanoparticles have shown considerable progress in targeted delivery and enhancing treatment efficacy for spinal cord injuries, presenting significant potential for clinical use and drug development.

关键词： antioxidants axon regeneration biocompatible materials drug carriers nanoparticles nerve regeneration neuroinflammatory diseases neuroprotection spinal cord injury stem cells

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Einstein Probe discovery of EP240408a: A peculiar X-ray transient with an intermediate timescale

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 222-240页

作者： Wenda Zhang Weimin Yuan Zhixing Ling Yong Chen Nanda Rea Arne Rau Zhiming Cai Huaqing Cheng Francesco Coti Zelati Lixin Dai Jingwei Hu Shumei Jia Chichuan Jin Dongyue Li Paul O’Brien Rongfeng Shen Xinwen Shu Shengli Sun Xiaojin Sun Xiaofeng Wang Lei Yang Bing Zhang Chen Zhang Shuang-Nan Zhang Yonghe Zhang Jie An David Buckley Alexis Coleiro Bertrand Cordier Liming Dou Rob Eyles-Ferris Zhou Fan Hua Feng Shaoyu Fu Johan P.U.Fynbo Lluis Galbany Saurabh W.Jha Shuaiqing Jiang Albert Kong Erik Kuulkers Weihua Lei Wenxiong Li Bifang Liu Mingjun Liu Xing Liu Yuan Liu Zhu Liu Chandreyee Maitra Alessio Marino Itumeleng Monageng Kirpal Nandra Jeremy Sanders Roberto Soria Lian Tao Junfeng Wang Song Wang Tinggui Wang Zhongxiang Wang Qingwen Wu Xuefeng Wu Dong Xu Yanjun Xu Suijian Xue Yongquan Xue Zijian Zhang Zipei Zhu Hu Zou Congying Bao Fansheng Chen Houlei Chen Tianxiang Chen Wei Chen Yehai Chen Yifan Chen Chenzhou Cui Weiwei Cui Yanfeng Dai Dongwei Fan Ju Guan Dawei Han Dongjie Hou Haibo Hu Maohai Huang Jia Huo Zhenqing Jia Bowen Jiang Ge Jin Chengkui Li Junfei Li Longhui Li Maoshun Li Wei Li Zhengda Li Tianying Lian Congzhan Liu Heyang Liu Huaqiu Liu Fangjun Lu Laidan Luo Jia Ma Xuan Mao Haiwu Pan Xin Pan Liming Song Hui Sun Yunyin Tan Qingjun Tang Yihan Tao Hao Wang Juan Wang Lei Wang Wenxin Wang Yilong Wang Yusa Wang Qinyu Wu Haitao Xu Jingjing Xu Xinpeng Xu Yunfei Xu Zhao Xu Changbin Xue Yulong Xue Ailiang Yan Haonan Yang Xiongtao Yang Yanji Yang Juan Zhang Mo Zhang Wenjie Zhang Zhen Zhang Zhen Zhang Ziliang Zhang Donghua Zhao Haisheng Zhao Xiaofan Zhao Zijian Zhao Hongyan Zhou Yilin Zhou Yuxuan Zhu Zhencai Zhu National Astronomical Observatories chinese academy of sciences School of Astronomy and Space sciences University of chinese academy of sciences Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics chinese academy of sciences Institute of Space sciences (ICE) CSIC Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Innovation academy for Microsatellites chinese academy of sciences Department of Physics University of Hong Kong School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen University Department of Physics Anhui Normal University Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics chinese academy of sciences Physics Department Tsinghua University Nevada Center for Astrophysics University of Nevada Las Vegas Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nevada Las Vegas South African Astronomical Observatory Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Department of Physics University of the Free State Université Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie Université Paris Cité CEA Paris-Saclay IRFU/DAp-AIM Department of Astronomy Guangzhou University Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers the State University of New Jersey Institute for Cosmic Ray research The University of Tokyo ESA/ESTEC Department of Astronomy School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Sydney Institute for Astronomy School of Physics The University of Sydney Department of Astronomy Xiamen University Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology School of Astronomy and Space sciences University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Deep Space sciences Deep Space Exploration Laboratory Department of Astronomy School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chi

We report the discovery of a peculiar X-ray transient,EP240408a,by Einstein Probe （EP） and follow-up studies made with EP,Swift,NICER,GROND,ATCA and other ground-based multiwavelength *** new transient was first detected with Wide-field X-ray Telescope （WXT） on board EP on April 8th,2024,manifested in an intense yet brief X-ray flare lasting for *** flare reached a peak flux of 3.9×10-9erg cm-2s-1in 0.5-4 ke V,～300 times brighter than the underlying X-ray emission detected throughout the *** and more precise follow-up observations by EP/FXT,Swift and NICER confirmed the finding of this new *** X-ray spectrum is non-thermal in 0.5-10 ke V,with a power-law photon index varying *** X-ray light curve shows a plateau lasting for ～4 d,followed by a steep decay till becoming undetectable ～10 d after the initial *** on its temporal property and constraints from previous EP observations,an unusual timescale in the range of 7-23 d is found for EP240408a,which is intermediate between the commonly found fast and long-term *** counterparts have been found in optical and near-infrared,with the earliest observation at 17 h after the initial X-ray detection,suggestive of intrinsically weak emission in these *** demonstrate that the remarkable properties of EP240408a are inconsistent with any of the transient types known so far,by comparison with,in particular,jetted tidal disruption events,gamma-ray bursts,X-ray binaries and fast blue optical *** nature of EP240408a thus remains an *** suggest that EP240408a may represent a new type of transients with intermediate timescales of the order of～10 *** detection and follow-ups of more of such objects are essential for revealing their origin.

关键词： X-ray transients ${\bm~{Einstein~~Probe}}$

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The role of water in methane adsorption and diffusion within nanoporous silica investigated by hyperpolarized 129Xe and 1H PFG NMR spectroscopy

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Nano research 2018年第1期11卷 360-369页

作者： Yuanli Hu Mingrun Li Guangjin Hou Shutao Xu Ke Gong Xianchun Liu Xiuwen Han Xiulian Pan Xinhe Bao State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Understanding the properties and behavior of water molecules in restricted geometries, such as the nanopores of rocks, is of interest for shale gas exploitation. We present herein ex situ and in situ nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） studies on the effects of water on the adsorption and diffusion of methane in nanopores. Silica materials with one-dimensional pores of ZSM-22, MCM-41, and SBA-15, with pore sizes ranging from 0.5 to 6 nm, were chosen as models. Hyperpolarized （HP） 129Xe NMR results show that water adsorption does not affect the pore sizes of ZSM-22 and MCM-41 but reduces that of SBA-15. The presence of water suppresses methane adsorption; this suppression effect is stronger in smaller pores. The self-diffusion coefficients of methane within ZSM-22 and MCM-41 are not significantly influenced by the presence of water, as measured by ~H pulsed field gradient （PFG） NMR. However, within SBA-15, which has a pore size of 6 nm, the diffusion coefficient of methane increases as the amount of water adsorption increases, peaks, and then decreases to a constant value with further water adsorption. These experiments reveal the effects of the pore size and the presence of water on methane adsorption and diffusion in constrained spaces, which could have important implications for flow simulations of methane in shales.

关键词： water adsorption nanopores diffusion hyperpolarized 129Xe nuclear magnetic resonance

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Unification of identifiers in the Sea-Cloud system

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2018年第4期12卷 749-762页

作者： Zheng HE Kunpeng BAI Dongdai LIN Chuankun WU State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Sea-Cloud Innovative and Experimental Environment is designed for the strategic priority research program of the ＂Next Generation of Information Technology for Sensing China＂. It was founded by the chinese academy of sciences. There will be billions of heterogeneous devices in the ＂Sea＂ domain. Without unified identifier standards for these devices, issues such as confusion of identifier standards and duplicate identifiers might arise when using these devices in the Sea-Cloud Environment. This paper proposes a unified identifier scheme for the Sea-Cloud system based on different existing identifier standards for different types of devices in the Sea domain. Furthermore, this paper defines a unique identifier for every person who uses smart devices in the Sea domain. Keywords the Sea-Cloud system, identifier standard, Internet of Things

关键词： the Sea-Cloud system identifier standard Internet of Things

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Standard model effective field theory from on-shell amplitudes

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chinese Physics C 2023年第2期47卷 55-62页

作者：马腾舒菁肖明磊 CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics Beijing 100049China Center for High Energy Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

We present a general method of constructing unfactorizable on-shell amplitudes(amplitude basis) and build up their one-to-one correspondence to the independent and complete operator basis in effective field theory(EFT).We apply our method to the Standard Model EFT and identify the amplitude basis in dimensions 5 and 6,which correspond to the Weinberg operator and operators in the Warsaw basis,except for some linear combinations.

关键词： effective field theory scattering amplitude SMEFT SMEFT construction

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Bipolar Thermoelectrical Transport of SnSe Nanoplate in Low Temperature

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chinese Physics Letters 2020年第1期37卷 69-73页

作者： Li-Yan Zhou Qi Zheng Li-Hong Bao Wen-Jie Liang Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics Beijing Key Laboratory for Nanomaterials and NanodevicesInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 CAS Center of Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808

Bulk SnSe is an excellent thermoelectrical material with the highest figure-of-merit value of ZT=2.&making it promising in ***-dependent electrical and thermoelectrical properties of SnSe nanoplates are studied at low *** drops and rises again as temperature is *** Seebeck coefficient is positive at room temperature and becomes negative at low *** change of the sign of the Seebeck coefficient indicates influence of bipolar transport of the semiconductive SnSe *** bipolar transport is caused by the Fermi energy changing with temperature due to different contributions from donors and acceptors at different temperatures.

关键词： plate highest Thermoelectric

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Populating ^(229m)Th via two-photon electronic bridge mechanism

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第6期32卷 45-53页

作者： Neng-Qiang Cai Guo-Qiang Zhang Chang-Bo Fu Yu-Gang Ma Shanghai Tech University Shanghai 201210China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Shanghai Advanced research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The isomer ^(229m)Th is the most promising candidate for clocks based on the nuclear transition because it has the lowest excitation energy of only 8.10±0.17 *** experiments and theories have focused on methods of triggering the transition between the ground state and isomeric state,among which the electronic bridge(EB)is one of the most *** this paper,we propose a new electronic bridge mechanism via two-photon excitation based on quantum optics for a two-level nuclear quantum *** long-lived 7 s1/2 electronic shell state of^(229m)Th^(3+),with a lifetime of approximately 0.6 s,is chosen as the initial state and the atomic shells(7 s-10 s)could be achieved as virtual states in a two-photon *** the virtual states return to the initial state 7 s1/2,there is a chance of triggering the nucleus 229Th^(3+),to its isomeric state ^(229m)Th ^(3+),via *** lasers at moderate intensity((10^(10)-10^(14))W/m^(2)),with photon energies near the optical range,are expected to populate the isomer at a saturated rate of approximately 10^(9) s^(-1),which is much higher than that due to other *** believe that this twophoton EB scheme can help in the development of nuclear clocks and deserves verification via a series of experiments with ordinary lasers in laboratories.

关键词： Electronic bridge ^(229)mTh Nuclear clocks Two-photon excitation

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Determination of the Weibull parameters from the mean value and the coefficient of variation of the measured strength for brittle ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2017年第2期6卷 149-156页

作者： Bin DENG Danyu JIANG Department of the Prosthodontics Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Analysis and Testing Center for Inorganic Materials State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Shanghai 200050 China

Accurate estimation of Weibull parameters is an important issue for the characterization of the strength variability of brittle ceramics with Weibull *** this paper,a simple method was established for the determination of the Weibull parameters,Weibull modulus m and scale parameter σ0,based on Monte Carlo *** was shown that an unbiased estimation for Weibull modulus can be yielded directly from the coefficient of variation of the considered strength ***,using the yielded Weibull estimator and the mean value of the strength in the considered sample,the scale parameter σ0 can also be estimated accurately.

关键词： Weibull distribution Weibull parameters strength variability unbiased estimation coefficient of variation

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Spatio-temporal Pattern of Ecosystem Pressure in Countries Along the Belt and Road: Combining Remote Sensing Data and Statistical Data

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chinese Geographical Science 2022年第5期32卷 745-758页

作者： DU Wenpeng YAN Huimin FENG Zhiming ZHANG Chao YANG Yanzhao Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Building a Green Silk Road by integrating the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) is one of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) visions, but the BRI faces enormous challenge that is the conflict between economic development and ecological *** the current scale and trend of the impact of human activities on the ecosystem is the preliminary work to ensure that human activities do not exceed the ecological carrying capacity under the BRI. This study evaluated the ecosystem pressure in countries along the Belt and Road(B&R) from 2000–2017 based on the supply-consumption balance relationship of ecological resources. Net primary productivity(NPP) is taken as the measure of ecological resources, and the supply level and consumption intensity of ecological resources is estimated based on remote sensing data and statistical data, respectively. Results show that thirteen countries with overconsumed ecological resources concentrated in the West Asia/Middle East. Although the intensity of the ecological resource consumption correlated with ecological resource endowments, the ecosystem pressure was determined by social development dependence on the ecological resources at the same ecological resource endowments level. Nearly 80% of countries along the B&R suffered from significantly increased(P < 0.05) ecosystem pressure during 2000–2017, since most of the countries along the B&R were developing countries,and their economic development was highly dependent on ecological resources. Some West Asia/Middle East countries successfully mitigated the ecosystem pressure by importing feed for livestock. Likewise, the Southeast Asian islands benefitted from the import of agricultural products. The results highlight that the BRI should reduce the dependence of social development demands on local ecological resources by international trade for ensuring the increasing ecosystem pressure trend within the ecological carrying capacity.

关键词： Green Silk Road ecosystem pressure net primary productivity(NPP) ecological carrying capacity remote sensing

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HWM： a hybrid workload migration mechanism of metadata server cluster in data center

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2017年第1期11卷 75-87页

作者： Jian LU Huanqing DONG Junwei ZHANG Zhenjun LIU Lu XU Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

In data center, applications of big data analytics pose a big challenge to massive storage systems. It is signif- icant to achieve high availability, high performance and high scalability for PB-scale or EB-scale storage systems. Meta- data server （MDS） cluster architecture is one of the most effective solutions to meet the requirements of applications in data center. Workload migration can achieve load balance and energy saving of duster systems. In this paper, a hybrid workload migration mechanism of MDS cluster is proposed and named as HWM. In HWM, workload of MDS is classi- fied into two categories： metadata service and state service, and they can be migrated rapidly from a source MDS to a target MDS in different ways. Firstly, in metadata service migration, all the dirty metadata of one sub file system is flushed to a shared storage pool by the source MDS, and then is loaded by the target MDS. Secondly, in state service mi- gration, all the states of that sub file system are migrated from source MDS to target MDS through network at file granular- ity, and then all of the related structures of these states are reconstructed in target MDS. Thirdly, in the process of work- load migration, instead of blocking client requests, the source MDS can decide which MDS will respond to each request according to the operation type and the migration stage. The proposed mechanism is implemented in the Blue Whale MDS cluster. The performance measurements show that the HWM mechanism is efficient to migrate the workload of a MDS cluster system and provides low-latency access to metadata and states.

关键词： data center metadata server cluster hybrid workload migration metadata service state service low-latency access

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