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The initial stages of Li_(2)o_(2) formation during oxygen reduction reaction in Li-o_(2) batteries:The significance of Li_(2)o_(2) in charge-transfer reactions within devices

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 223-231,I0006页

作者： Daniela M.Josepetti Bianca P.sousa simone A.J.Rodrigues Renato G.Freitas Gustavo Doubek Advanced Energy storage Division LABCenter for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of CampinasAv Albert Einstein 50013083-852CampinasSPBrazil Institute of Physics&Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Computational MaterialsFederal University of Mato Grosso78060-900CuiabáMTBrazil

Lithium-oxygen batteries are a promising technology because they can greatly surpass the energy density of lithium-ion batteries.However,this theoretical characteristic has not yet been converted into a real device with high cyclability.Problems with air contamination,metallic lithium reactivity,and complex discharge and charge reactions are the main issues for this technology.A fast and reversible oxygen reduction reaction(oRR)is crucial for good performance of secondary batteries',but the partial knowledge of its mechanisms,especially when devices are concerned,hinders further development.From this perspective,the present work uses operando Raman experiments and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIs)to assess the first stages of the discharge processes in porous carbon electrodes,following their changes cycle by cycle at initial operation.A growth kinetic formation of the discharge product signal(Li_(2)o_(2))was observed with operando Raman,indicating a first-order reaction and enabling an analysis by a microkinetic model.The solution mechanism in the evaluated system was ascribed for an equivalent circuit with three time constants.While the time constant for the anode interface reveals to remain relatively constant after the first discharge,its surface seemed to be more non-uniform.The model indicated that the reaction occurs at the Li_(2)o_(2) surface,decreasing the associated resistance during the initial discharge phase.Furthermore,the growth of Li_(2)o_(2) forms a hetero-phase between Li_(2)o_(2)/electrolyte,while creating a more compact and homogeneous on the Li_(2)o_(2)/cathode surface.The methodology here described thus offers a way of directly probing changes in surface chemistry evolution during cycling from a device through EIs analysis.

关键词： Li-o_(2)battery operando Raman analysis Equivalent circuit modeling Time-constant distribution

Benchmarks for Pirá2.0,a Reading Comprehension Dataset about the ocean,the Brazilian Coast,and Climate Change

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Data Intelligence 2024年第1期6卷 29-63页

作者： paulo Pirozelli Marcos M.José Igor silveira Flávio Nakasato sarajane M.Peres Anarosa A.F.Brandão Anna H.R.Costa Fabio G.Cozman Universidade de são paulo Ringgold standard Institution-Instituto de Estudos Avançados Av.370 São Paulo 05508-900Brazil Universidade de são paulo Ringgold standard Institution-Instituto de Matemática e Estatística Av.370 São Paulo 05508-900Brazil Universidade de são paulo Rua Cayowaá876 apto 141SÃO PAULO 05018-001Brazil Universidade de são paulo Ringgold standard Institution Escola Politécnica Av.370São Paulo 05508-900Brazil.

Piráis a reading comprehension dataset focused on the ocean,the Brazilian coast,and climate change,built from a collection of scientific abstracts and reports on these topics.This dataset represents a versatile language resource,particularly useful for testing the ability of current machine learning models to acquire expert scientific knowledge.Despite its potential,a detailed set of baselines has not yet been developed for Pirá.By creating these baselines,researchers can more easily utilize Piráas a resource for testing machine learning models across a wide range of question answering tasks.In this paper,we define six benchmarks over the Pirádataset,covering closed generative question answering,machine reading comprehension,information retrieval,open question answering,answer triggering,and multiple choice question answering.As part of this effort,we have also produced a curated version of the original dataset,where we fixed a number of grammar issues,repetitions,and other shortcomings.Furthermore,the dataset has been extended in several new directions,so as to face the aforementioned benchmarks:translation of supporting texts from English into Portuguese,classification labels for answerability,automatic paraphrases of questions and answers,and multiple choice candidates.The results described in this paper provide several points of reference for researchers interested in exploring the challenges provided by the Pirádataset.

关键词： Natural language processing Question answering Benchmarks Language resource Domainoriented dataset scientific knowledge text dataset

Applying a Context-based Method to Build a Knowledge Graph for the Blue Amazon

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Data Intelligence 2024年第1期6卷 64-103页

作者： Pedro de Moraes Ligabue Anarosa Alves Franco Brandão sarajane Marques Peres Fabio Gagliardi Cozman paulo Pirozelli Escola Politécnica Universidade de São PauloRua Visconde da Luz60São PauloSão Paulo 05508-010Brazi Escola Politécnica Universidade de São PauloAv.Prof.Luciano Gualbertotv 3158São Paulo 05508-010Brazil Escola de Artes Ciências e Humanidades Universidade de São PauloRua Arlindo Béttio1000São Paulo 03828-000Brazil Instituto de Estudos Avançados Universidade de São PauloRua da Praça do Relógio109São Paulo 05508-050Brazil

Knowledge graphs are employed in several tasks,such as question answering and recommendation systems,due to their ability to represent relationships between concepts.Automatically constructing such a graphs,however,remains an unresolved challenge within knowledge representation.To tackle this challenge,we propose CtxKG,a method specifically aimed at extracting knowledge graphs in a context of limited resources in which the only input is a set of unstructured text documents.CtxKG is based on openIE(a relationship triple extraction method)and BERT(a language model)and contains four stages:the extraction of relationship triples directly from text;the identification of synonyms across triples;the merging of similar entities;and the building of bridges between knowledge graphs of different documents.our method distinguishes itself from those in the current literature(i)through its use of the parse tree to avoid the overlapping entities produced by base implementations of openIE;and(ii)through its bridges,which create a connected network of graphs,overcoming a limitation similar methods have of one isolated graph per document.We compare our method to two others by generating graphs for movie articles from Wikipedia and contrasting them with benchmark graphs built from the oMDb movie database.our results suggest that our method is able to improve multiple aspects of knowledge graph construction.They also highlight the critical role that triple identification and named-entity recognition have in improving the quality of automatically generated graphs,suggesting future paths for investigation.Finally,we apply CtxKG to build BlabKG,a knowledge graph for the Blue Amazon,and discuss possible improvements.

关键词： knowledge graph word embeddings relationship triple extraction Blue Amazon Atlantic ocean Brazilian coast

Prediction of Pulmonary Arterial Pressure Level after Repair of Congenital Cardiac Communications and Discharge from the Hospital: Role of Down syndrome and Early Postoperative Hemodynamics

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第3期17卷 351-363页

作者： Eloisa sassa Carvalho Maria Francilene ssouza Kelly Cristina o.Abud Claudia R.P.Castro Juliano G.Penha Ana Maria Thomaz Vanessa A.Guimaraes Antonio Augusto Lopes Heart Institute(InCor) University of Sao Paulo School of MedicineSão PauloBrazil

Background:Postoperative pulmonary hypertension limits the success of surgical treatment in some patients with unrestrictive congenital cardiac communications.Identifying patients at risk of developing postoperative pulmonary hypertension is important to individualize follow-up strategies.Methods:We analyzed a prospective cohort of 52 pediatric patients(age 3 to 35 months)looking for perioperative predictors of mildly elevated pulmonary arterial pressure 6 months after surgery,defined as a systolic pressure greater than 30 mmHg by transthoracic echocardiography.This corresponds to a mean pulmonary arterial pressure of>20 mmHg.Clinical,echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters were investigated.Perioperative hemodynamics was assessed by directly measuring pulmonary and systemic arterial pressures using indwelling catheters.Early postoperative pulmonary hemodynamics was defined as the mean pulmonary/systemic mean arterial pressure ratio(PAP/sAP)obtained per patient during the first 6 h of postoperative care.Results:Among the factors that were investigated as possible predictors,perioperative hemodynamics and the presence of Down syndrome were initially selected using univariate analysis(postoperative PAP/sAP was correlated with PAP/sAP obtained in the operating room just after cardiopulmonary bypass(r=0.70,ps higher in subjects with Down syndrome than in nonsyndromic individuals(p=0.003).Early postoperative PAP/sAP was the only predictor selected using multivariate analysis.It was characterized as an independent predictor after adjustments for possible confounders.An early postoperative PAP/sAP of>0.35 was 76%sensitive and 74%specific at predicting a systolic pulmonary arterial pressure of>30 mmHg 6 months after surgery(hazard ratio with 95%CI 8.972[2.428–33.158],p=0.002).Conclusion:The hypertensive early postoperative behavior of the pulmonary circulation was strongly but not exclusively associated with Down syndrome,and it was characterized as an independent predictor of altered

关键词： Pulmonary hypertension congenital heart disease Down syndrome pediatric cardiac surgery

U-Pb provenance fingerprints of metavolcanic-sedimentary successions of the Mineiro belt:Proxies for the continuity of plate tectonics through the Paleoproterozoic

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第5期13卷 309-335页

作者： W.Teixeira C.A.Ávila I.A.Dussin E.Bongiolo Instituto de Geociências Universidade de São PauloBrazil Museu Nacional Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroBrazil Faculdade de Geologia Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroBrazil Programa de Pós-graduação em Geociências Instituto de GeociênciasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBrazil

We document new U-Pb detrital zircon LA-MC-ICP-Ms data for seven metavolcanic-sedimentary successions and metasedimentary sequences and reassess additional dates of five siliciclastic samples toward their tectonic significance in the context of the Mineiro belt,southern são Francisco Craton.This belt represents a crustal segment of the 2.47–2.00 Ga Minas orogen,classically known by its siderian and Rhyacian juvenile rocks with important implications in the Earth’s geodynamics.The new and compiled detrital provenance constraints unravel the long-lived magmatic and sedimentary history of the studied basins,lasting ca.230–220 Myr.The maximum depositional dates around 2.1 Ga reflect the renewed sediment budget with the subsequent metamorphic episode ca.2.0 Ga.Most of the unmixed relative probability diagrams are consistent with sourcing from the siderian and Rhyacian arcs of the Mineiro belt,determining a detrital provenance change in time and space for the precursor basins.Alternative potential sources could be the youngest rocks of the Mantiqueira and Juiz de Fora terranes that constitute the other segments of the Minas orogen,given the age match.The overall detrital fingerprints determine the study basins resumed mainly in Rhyacian fore-arc and/or back-arc settings,i.e.,akin to a subductionrelated system that evolved to a collisional(foreland)environment.Few samples show fingerprints of primary extensional settings,determined by major Archean detrital populations sourced from areas outside the Mineiro belt beside the Paleoproterozoic detritus.The working model considers the collage between the Mineiro belt and the ancient foreland around 2.10 Ga and eventual interaction with other crustal segments of the Minas orogen,generating the ca.2.0 Ga metamorphism over the metasedimentary samples.The more complete isotopic repository in detrital and igneous zircon grains for the studied supracrustal successions and the associated rocks allows new insights into the Rhyacian–orosirian dynamics of the Minas orogeny.In a broade

关键词： Paleoproterozoic são Francisco Craton Detrital zircon geochronology Metavolcanic-sedimentary basin

Role of short chain fatty acids in gut health and possible therapeutic approaches in inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第28期10卷 9985-10003页

作者： Marcos Antônio Ferreira Caetano Patricia Castelucci Department of Anatomy Institute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508900SPBrazil

Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs) are characterized by inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract and include Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease.These diseases are costly to health services,substantially reduce patients’ quality of life,and can lead to complications such as cancer and even death.symptoms include abdominal pain,stool bleeding,diarrhea,and weight loss.The treatment of these diseases is symptomatic,seeking disease remission.The intestine is colonized by several microorganisms,such as fungi,viruses,and bacteria,which constitute the intestinal microbiota(IM).IM bacteria promotes dietary fibers fermentation and produces short-chain fatty acids(sCFAs) that exert several beneficial effects on intestinal health.sCFAs can bind to G protein-coupled receptors,such as GPR41 and GPR43,promoting improvements in the intestinal barrier,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant effects.Thus,sCFAs could be a therapeutic tool for IBDs.However,the mechanisms involved in these beneficial effects of sCFAs remain poorly understood.Therefore,this paper aims to provide a review addressing the main aspects of IBDs,and a more detailed sight of sCFAs,focusing on the main effects on different aspects of the intestine with an emphasis on IBDs.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease short-chain fatty acid Butyrate Inflammatory bowel diseases Free fatty acid receptor

study of tumor necrosis factor receptor in the inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第18期29卷 2733-2746页

作者： Roberta Figueiroa souza Marcos Antônio Ferreira Caetano Henrique Inhauser Riceti Magalhães Patricia Castelucci Department of Anatomy Institute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-000Brazil Department of surgery School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-270Brazil

Ulcerative colitis(UC)and Crohn’s disease(CD)are part of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases(IBD)and have pathophysiological processes such as bowel necrosis and enteric neurons and enteric glial cells.In addition,the main inflammatory mediator is related to the tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α).TNF-αis a mediator of the intestinal inflammatory processes,thus being one of the main cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of IBD,however,its levels,when measured,are present in the serum of patients with IBD.In addition,TNF-αplays an important role in promoting inflammation,such as the production of interleukins(IL),for instance IL-1βand IL-6.There are two receptors for TNF as following:The tumor necrosis factor 1 receptor(TNFR1);and the tumor necrosis factor 2 receptor(TNFR2).They are involved in the pathogenesis of IBD and their receptors have been detected in IBD and their expression is correlated with disease activity.The soluble TNF form binds to the TNFR1 receptor with,and its activation results in a signaling cascade effects such as apoptosis,cell proliferation and cytokine secretion.In contrast,the transmembrane TNF form can bind both to TNFR1 and TNFR2.Recent studies have suggested that TNF-αis one of the main pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of IBD,since TNF levels are present in the serum of both patients with UC and CD.Intravenous and subcutaneous biologics targeting TNF-αhave revolutionized the treatment of IBD,thus becoming the best available agents to induce and maintain IBD remission.The application of antibodies aimed at neutralizing TNF-αin patients with IBD that induce a satisfactory clinical response in up to 60%of patients,and also induced long-term maintenance of disease remission in most patients.It has been suggested that anti-TNF-αagents inactivate the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-αby direct neutralization,i.e.,resulting in suppression of inflammation.However,anti-TNF-αantibodies perform more complex functions than a simple blockade.

关键词： Tumor necrosis factor 1 receptor Tumor necrosis factor 2 receptor Inflammatory bowel diseases Enteric nervous system tumor necrosis factor-alpha

Is there a window of opportunity for the therapeutic use of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis?

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Neural Regeneration research 2022年第9期17卷 1945-1954页

作者： sofia Fernanda Gonçalves Zorzella-Pezavento Luiza Ayumi Nishiyama Mimura Marina Bonifácio Denadai William Danilo Fernandes de souza Thais Fernanda de Campos Fraga-silva Alexandrina sartori Department of Chemical and Biological sciences Institute of BiosciencesSão Paulo State University(UNESP)BotucatuSão PauloBrazil

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune treatable but not curable disease.There are a multiplicity of medications for multiple sclerosis therapy,including a class entitled disease-modifying drugs that are mainly indicated to reduce the number and severity of disease relapses.Not all patients respond well to these therapies,and minor to severe adverse effects have been reported.Vitamin D,called sunshine vitamin,is being studied as a possible light at the end of the tunnel.In this review,we recapitulated the similar immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,the immunomodulatory and neuroprotective potential of vitamin D and the state-of-art concerning its supplementation to multiple sclerosis patients.Finally,based on our and other groups’experimental findings,we analyzed the need to consider the relevance of the route and the different time-point administration aspects for a more rational indication of this vitamin to multiple sclerosis patients.

关键词： central nervous system cytokines experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis immunomodulation immunopathogenesis inflammation multiple sclerosis neuroprotection regulatory T cells vitamin D

The peptide fraction of Bothrops jararaca snake venom induces toxicological effects on the male reproductive system after local envenomation in mice

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BIoCELL 2023年第2期47卷 289-295页

作者： CARLos ALBERTo-sILVA ANA CARoLINA DE ARAUJo RoDRIGo sIMÃo BoNFIM JoYCE MEIRE GILIo Natural and Humanities sciences Center Experimental Morphophysiology LaboratoryFederal University of ABC(UFABC)São Bernardo do Campo09606-070Brazil Departamento de Biofísica Universidade Federal de São PauloSão Paulo04023-062Brazil

Bothrops envenomation is complex and provokes prominent local tissue damage and systemic disturbances,but little is known about their effects on the male reproductive system.After intratesticular injection,the bioactive peptide fraction(Bj-PF)obtained from Bothrops jararaca snake venom changes the structure of different stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle in adult mice.For the first time,we investigated whether local envenomation of Bj-PF induces toxicological effects on the male reproductive system,particularly on the seminiferous epithelium and sertoli cells.Male adult mice were treated with 0.24 mg.kg^(-1) by intramuscular(i.m.)injection for 24 h.The testes samples were collected for morphological and morphometric evaluation.The toxicological effects of Bj-PF were also analyzed on mitochondrial metabolism and nitrite(No2)production in 15P-1 sertoli cell culture.Bj-PF changed the structure and function of the seminiferous epithelium,particularly the disruption of the epithelium and the presence of degenerated germ cells in the adluminal compartment,but there were no alterations in the basal compartment.Bj-PF increased the thickness of the seminiferous epithelium and decreased the lumen diameter of the tubule.semiquantitative histological assessment of the degree of tubule degeneration revealed that Bj-PF also increased the number of hypospermatogenic tubules compared to control.Bj-PF reduced No2 levels in 15P-1 sertoli cells without changing the mitochondrial metabolism.overall,the fact that Bj-PF alters the structure and function of the seminiferous epithelium suggests that bioactive peptides found in B.jararaca snake venom can have toxicological effects on the reproductive systems of affected male mice,providing new insight into the biological characteristics of snake venom and therapeutic strategies for envenomation inflammation.

关键词： snake venom Bothrops jararaca Reproductive toxicology seminiferous epithelium