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Molecular characterization of cyanobacterial diversity in Lake Gregory, sri lanka

Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2011年第4期29卷 898-904页

作者： Dhammika MAGANA-ARACHCHI Rasika WANIGATUNGE Madhushankha LIYANAGE Cell Biology Division Institute of Fundamental Studies Hantana Road Kandy Sri Lanka

Eutrophication or the process of nutrient enrichment of stagnant waters due to excessive use of fertilizer is becoming a critical issue worldwide. Lake Gregory, an artificial lake situated in Nuwara Eliya, sri lanka was once a very attractive landscape feature and recreational area attracting a large number of visitors. Rapid urbanization in surrounding areas and the consequent intensification of agricultural and industrial activities led to eutrophication and siltation in the lake. Present study was conducted to detect cyanobacterial diversity and their ability to produce hepatotoxic microcystins using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques. Twenty five water samples (surface and bottom) were collected from the lake and total nitrogen and total carbon were estimated. Cyanobacterial cultures were grown in appropriate media and microscopic observations were used to determine the morphological diversity of cyanobacteria isolated from different sites. Genomic DNA was isolated and purified from cyanobacteria using Boom's method. DNA samples were analyzed by PCR with oligonucleotide primers for 16S rRNA gene and mcyA gene of the operon that encodes a microcystin synthetase. The 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed the presences of cyanobacteria belong to Synechococcus sp., Microcystis aeruginosa, Calothrix sp., Leptolyngbya sp., Limnothrix sp., order Oscillatoriales and order Chroococcales. The sequences obtained from this study were deposited in the database under the accession numbers (GenBank: GU368104-GU368116). PCR amplification of mcyA primers indicated the potential for toxin formation of isolated M. aeruginosa from Lake Gregory. This preliminary study shows that the Lake Gregory is under the potential risk of cyanobacterial toxicity. Clearly more work is needed to extend this finding and clarify if other cyanobacterial isolates have genetic potential to produce microcystin since this lake is utilized for recreational activities.

关键词： eutrophication boom's method PCR microcystin mcyA gene

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Genetic diversity of Leishmania donovani isolates from cutaneous lesions of military personnel in the Mullaitivu and Kilinochchi districts of the Northern Province,sri lanka

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第9期15卷 418-424页

作者： Tharaka Wijerathna Nayana Gunathilaka Saveen Semege Nishantha Pathirana Wasana Rodrigo Deepika Fernando Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of KelaniyaRagamaSri Lanka Directorate of Army Preventive Medicine&Mental Health Services Army HeadquartersSri JayawardenepuraSri Lanka sri lanka Army Hospital ColomboSri Lanka Department of Zoology Faculty of Natural SciencesOpen University of Sri LankaNawalaNugegoda Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka

Objective:To compare the DNA sequences of Leishmania(L.)donovani isolated from individuals in two districts of the Northern Province with other parts of sri lanka and neighboring ***:Samples were collected from military personnel at the Army Hospital,Narahenpita,sri lanka from November 2018 to March 2020.A portion of the samples was fixed,stained with Giemsa and observed under the light *** genomic The DNA was extracted from the remaining portion of the samples using DNEasy blood tissue kit(Qiagen,Germany)and amplified using Leishmania genus-specific primers for molecular diagnosis *** was amplified using *** species-specific primers by PCR and the amplified product was sequenced for comparison of nucleotide ***:Out of 76 suspected patients,at least one biological sample of 45(59.2%)was positive for *** upon ***,33(43.4%)were positive in Leishmania genus-specific PCR,but only 23(30.3%)were positive in *** specific *** dendrogram indicates that the current sequences clustered together with those from Nepal and Gampaha districts(Western Province),sri lanka,while the Indian and Eastern African sequences clustered ***:The genetic diversity was low among the isolates,indicating a single and possibly a local point of ***,the similarity of sri lankan and Nepal strains indicate a possibility of a shared point of origin,which needs more extensive evidence to confirm.

关键词： Leishmaniasis sri lanka Phylogenetics Kilinochchi Mullaitivu Northern Province

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An approach to delineate groundwater recharge potential sites in Ambalantota,sri lanka using GIS techniques

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第1期7卷 115-124页

作者： i.p.senanayake d.m.d.o.k.dissanayake b.b.mayadunna w.l.weerasekera Department of Earth Resources Engineering University of Moratuwa MoratuwaSri Lanka

The demand for fresh water in Hambantota District, sri lanka is rapidly increasing with the enormous amount of ongoing development projects in the region. Nevertheless, the district experiences periodic water stress conditions due to seasonal precipitation patterns and scarcity of surface water ***, management of available groundwater resources is critical, to fulfil potable water requirements in the area. However, exploitation of groundwater should be carried out together with artificial recharging in order to maintain the long term sustainability of water resources. In this study, a GIS approach was used to delineate potential artificial recharge sites in Ambalantota area within Hambantota. Influential thematic layers such as rainfall, lineament, slope, drainage, land use/land cover, lithology, geomorphology and soil characteristics were integrated by using a weighted linear combination method. Results of the study reveal high to moderate groundwater recharge potential in approximately 49% of Ambalantota area.

关键词： GIS Groundwater recharge Water management Weighted overlay sri lanka

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Advancing public health preparedness:Establishment of Nipah virus molecular diagnostic test at the National Reference Laboratory,sri lanka

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第8期17卷 369-374页

作者： Hewa Babarandage Chathurika Harshani Denagama Vitharanage Rishan Geeth Ruwan Udage Kankanamge Isuru Udara Samaraweera Dedunu C U Dias Weligamage Janaki I Abeynayake Medical Research Institute Colombo-08Sri Lanka

Objective:To establish Nipah virus diagnostic capabilities at the National Reference Laboratory in sri lanka using the NIV Pune real-time PCR ***:Strict safety precautions were adhered during testing due to the high pathogenicity of the Nipah virus,with all diagnostics conducted in a BSL2+laboratory at the Medical Research Institute in sri *** extraction was performed using the QIAamp Viral RNA Mini *** NIV Pune in-house real-time PCR kit was employed,following established primer/probe sequences and *** assay was validated using the Rotor-Gene Q Series Real-time PCR ***:The validation run of the Nipah virus real-time PCR test demonstrated robust performance,with positive controls consistently detecting Nipah RNA at a Ct value of 21.50±*** controls confirmed assay specificity with an external negative control which was also used as an extraction control and showed no *** internal control exhibited stable behavior,enhancing confidence in PCR *** qPCR analysis graph illustrated the successful detection of internal and positive controls,validating the reliability of the ***:Establishing Nipah virus diagnostic capabilities in sri lanka signifies a proactive and collaborative response to the persistent global health threat.

关键词： Nipah virus Real-time PCR Validation Molecular diagnostics

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Chemical characteristics and water stability evaluation of groundwater in the CKDu Zone of sri lanka

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第12期146卷 67-80页

作者： Dazhou Hu Suresh Indika Madhubhashini Makehelwala COORAY Titus Liying Zhu Zhonghe Pang Hui Zhong Sujithra K.Weragoda K.B.S.N.Jinadasa Rohan Weerasooriya Yuansong Wei State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Applied Earth Sciences Uva Wellassa UniversityBadulla 90000Sri Lanka China-sri lanka Joint Research and demonstration Center for Water Technology Ministry of Water SupplyE.O.E.Pereira MawathaPeradeniya 24000Sri Lanka National Water Supply and Drainage Board Katugastota 20800Sri Lanka Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka National Institute of Fundamental Studies Kandy 20000Sri Lanka

Groundwater is the main source of drinking water for the rural population in the chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology(CKDu)zone of the North Central Province(NCP)in sri *** this study,a total of 334 groundwater samples(311 dug wells,21 tube wells and 2 springs)during the wet season from two aquifers in the NCP were collected,and inves-tigated their chemical characteristics and evaluate their water quality,including ground-water chemistry,main ion sources,the corrosion and scaling potential of *** results showed that the two hydrochemical types of groundwater in the NCP were mainly of the Ca-HCO_(3),Na·Ca-HCO_(3)types,with the main HCO_(3)−,Na^(+)and Ca^(2+)ions in both types of groundwater originating from silicate and evaporite salt dissolution and influenced by alternating cation adsorption,while the presence of NO_(3)−was mainly ***-uation ofwater stability using namely Langelier saturation index(LSI),Ryznar stability index(RSI),Puckorius scaling index(PSI)and Larson-Skold index(LS),indicated that most ground-water presents corrosion potential and has corrosion behavior tendency of metals to some *** water quality of Polonnaruwa was better than that of Anuradhapura in the NCP,and when the groundwater was worse than the“good”grade,which must be properly treated before it is used as drinking water.

关键词： CKDu zone Rock weathering Cation alternating adsorption Water stability Water quality assessment

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Comparative Evaluation of RT-PCR Kits Available in sri lanka for Diagnosis of COVID-19

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2023年第3期5卷 152-158页

作者： Kanchana P.Amarasinghe Arumugam Murugananthan Ponnuthurai T.Amalraajan Mithusha Thavaththurai Gayathri Ravindran Kalamathy Murugananthan Shakila K.Gunathilake Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka Department of Mathematics and Statistics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka

Identification of gene targets by real-time reverse transcriptase PCR(rRT-PCR)is considered as the gold standard for diagnosis of se-vere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)*** many commercial rRT-PCR kits are currently used in sri lanka,analytical performance of these kits have not been investigated ***,the objective of the present study was to evaluate the analytical performance of rRT-PCR kits used in the laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine,University of Jaffna(five kits).Performance of the five rRT-PCR kits selected for this study was compared with the CDC 2019-Novel Coronavirus(2019-nCoV)RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel as reference *** sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and Cohen’sκcoefficient of the five different commercial kits were ***-CoV-2 positive(62)and negative(32)respiratory sam-ples collected respectively from symptomatic individuals and asymptomatic healthy individuals were used in this *** of the cycle threshold(Ct)values of the five commercial kits revealed *** them,the TaqPathTM kit showed the highest sensitivity(98.4%)and interrater reliability(0.976).The HBRT-COVID-19 kit showed the lowest sensitivity(91.9%),specificity(93.7%)and interrater reliability(0.838).Although the five RT-PCR kits exhibited varying sensitivity,specificity and Ct values,all of them are suitable for the routine diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections as all values were higher than 90%.

关键词： COVID-19 diagnosis RT-PCR Ct value sensitivity specificity

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Ca^2+ and SO4^2- interactions with dissolved organic matter: Implications of groundwater quality for CKDu incidence in sri lanka

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第2期32卷 326-337页

作者： Madhubhashini Makehelwala Yuansong Wei Sujithra K.Weragoda Rohan Weerasooriya State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Department of Water Pollution Control Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Water Supply and Drainage Board KatugastotaSri Lanka National Institute of Fundamental Studies Hantana RoadKandy 20000Sri Lanka

It has recently been proposed that recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon(DOC) in groundwater plays a potent etiological role in the peculiar distribution of chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology(CKDu).This study aims to elucidate the interactions of Ca^2+and SO4^2-with a model organic fraction of humic acid(SHA) to determine the possible relationship of CKDu incidence with the DOC in drinking *** and FT-IR methods respectively determined the surface functional groups and chemical composition of protonated dissolved organic carbon(HDOC) in a CKDu high-risk zone(HR) of sri lanka and in *** surface C composition(87.9%) and lower O(11.4%) were observed for HDOC from the HR region than for SHA(C: 73.8%, O: 24.7%).Aromatic C with less Ocontaining functional groups was observed in *** IR band at 1170 cm^-1 confirms the formation of organic sulfonate(C–SO3^-) on SHA.A band at 1213 cm^-1 due to organic sulfonate in HDOC from the CKDu HR region was also *** IR band at 866 cm^-1 evidenced the formation of CaCO3 on SHA above pH *** data confirmed the presence of sulfur oxidation states corresponding to SO3^2-and SO4^2-at 168.9 eV and 170.1 eV binding energies,*** binding energies at 347 eV and 351 eV for Ca 2p3/2 and Ca 2p1/2 eV,respectively, confirmed the bidentate complexation of Ca^2+with COO-and sulfonate groups on *** organic sulfonate formed is postulated as a uremic toxicant.

关键词： Dissolved organic carbon Sulfate Calcium Ester group Bidentate

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Resurgence of measles virus infection in an eliminated country, sri lanka

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第5期17卷 208-213页

作者： Merennage Anusha Yasanthi Fernando Gankandage Prabhath Chathuranga Kaanthaka Gunaradha Abeygunasekara Dedunu Dias Weligamage Janaki Indira Abeynayake Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka Department of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka Department of Medical Administration Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To describe the situation of measles in sri lanka from May to November,2023 and to define the role of virology laboratory towards case confirmation and epidemiological and genetic characterization of the ***:This retrospective study analyzed all samples tested for measles from 1st of May to 30th of November,2023 at National Measles Rubella Laboratory,sri *** to the World Health Organization(WHO)algorithm,serum and oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swabs were tested with WHO recommended kits for anti-measles IgM and measles virus specific RNA,*** RNA positive samples were sequenced at reference laboratory,*** of sequencing data and construction of phylogenetic tree were carried out at National Measles Rubella *** was analyzed using descriptive ***:Of the total 1132 serum samples and 497 oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swabs from 1326 patients,657(49.5%)patients were confirmed as measles by anti-measles IgM,measles virus specific RNA or ***(55.6%,n=365)and the age group from>20 to≤30 years(33.0%,n=217)predominated positive *** provinces reported measles positive *** samples sequenced(100%,n=42)were genotype D8 with 95.2%(n=40)bearing *** ***:We described resurgence of measles in an eliminated country,confirming the genotype to be D8,one of the two genotypes currently circulating ***,the study strongly convinced the importance of a strengthened virological surveillance system in an eliminated country,despite its eliminated status.

关键词： Measles elimination Resurgence of measles sri lanka Genotype D8 National Measles Rubella Laboratory

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Characterization and Selection of Phosphorus Deficiency Tolerant Rice Genotypes in sri lanka

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Rice science 2016年第4期23卷 184-195页

作者： Y. C. ALUWIHARE M. ISHAN M. D. M. CHAMIKARA C. K. WEEBADDE D. N. SIRISENA W. L. G. SAMARASINGHE S. D. S. S. SOORIYAPATHIRANA Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Faculty of Science University of Peradeniya Peradeniya 20400 Sri Postgraduate Institute of Science University of Peradeniya Peradeniya 20400 Sri Lanka Departments of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences and Horticulture College of Agriculture and Natural Resources Michigan State University East LansingMichigan 48824 USA Rice Research and Development Institute Bathalagoda Ibbagamuwa 60500 Sri Lanka

Phosphorus(P) deficiency in soil is a major constrain for rice production. An important set of rice genotypes(landraces, old improved and new improved varieties) were screened for P deficiency tolerance in two major cropping seasons of sri lanka, in 2012. The Ultisol soil, which was collected from a plot cultivated with rice without fertilizer application for past 40 years(P_0) at the Rice Research and Development Institute(RRDI), Bathalagoda, sri lanka, was used as the potting medium for greenhouse trials. Two field trials were conducted in the same plots at RRDI. Both P_0 and P_(30)(30 mg/kg P_2O_5) conditions were used in the two greenhouse trials. At the early vegetative(three weeks after transplanting), late vegetative(six weeks after transplanting) and flowering stages, plant height and number of tillers per plant were recorded. At the flowering stage, shoots were harvested and shoot dry weight, shoot P concentration, shoot P uptake and P utilization efficiency were measured. All data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance, regression and cluster procedures. The measured parameters were significantly different between P_0 and P_(30) conditions(P < 0.05). Higher shoot dry weight was reported by the rice genotypes H4 and Marss under P_0 conditions. The regression analysis between shoot dry weight and P utilization efficiency revealed that the studied rice genotypes could be categorized to three P deficiency tolerance classes. A total of 13 genotypes could be considered as highly tolerant and 4 genotypes as sensitive for P deficiency. These results could be used to select parental genotypes for breeding and genetic studies and also to select interesting varieties or landraces for organic rice production.

关键词： phosphorus tolerance rice genotype phosphorus utilization efficiency landrace

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Public knowledge,practices and perceptions on typhus fevers in Southern sri lanka

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第5期15卷 206-212页

作者： Ashani Liyanage Nilmini Chandrasena Nayana Gunathilaka Ruwan Sanjeewa Ranjan Premaratna Rickettsial Disease Diagnostic and Research Laboratory Faculty of MedicineUniversity of KelaniyaRagama11010Sri Lanka Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of KelaniyaRagama 11010Sri Lanka Medical Officer of Health ElpitiyaMinistry of HealthcareNutrition and Indigenous Medicine80400Sri Lanka Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of KelaniyaRagama 11010Sri Lanka

Objective:To assess public knowledge,practices and perceptions on typhus fevers in sri ***:A descriptive study was done in four selected typhus-prone areas in Southern sri lanka.A mixed-method was employed using face-to-face interviews and questionnaire-based surveys among confirmed cases of typhus and at-risk populations,***,percentages,and means were used to characterize socio-demography and evaluate disease ***:The lay terms for typhus fevers reported in the studied region were“peacock fever”,“tick fever”and“bird fever”.A total of 499 subjects participated[mean±SD,(45±16)years]in the questionnaire-based survey,and 13.6%(n=68)reported past experience of typhus fever,1.2%(n=6)identified the disease as“typhus”while 58.7%(n=293)and 11.8%(n=59)knew it as‘peacock fever’and‘tick fever’,*** etiological agent was unknown to 95.2%(n=475),but 53.5%(n=267)were aware that it was ***(57.3%,n=286),eschar(35.7%,n=178),headache(22.0%,n=267)and myalgia(19.2%,n=96)were identified as key *** disease experience was significantly associated with higher awareness of the main disease symptoms(fever:χ^(2)=15.713,P<0.001;headache:χ^(2)=19.447,P<0.001;lymphadenopathy:Fisher’s exact test,P=0.023;eschar:χ^(2)=12.049,P<0.001).None knew of any disease prevention *** with a past history of typhus fever had sought treatment at state hospitals(55.9%,38/68)and private sector hospitals(5.9%,4/68).Conclusions:Public awareness on preventive practices for typhus fevers was rare among the participants though vector-borne aspect was known to *** disease awareness was deficient among those without past experience of typhus *** sensitization on vector avoidance strategies is highly recommended.

关键词： Awareness Perceptions Practices Typhus fevers sri lanka

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