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Analysis of application range of simplified models for field to thermo-field to thermionic emission processes from the cathode

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第9期26卷 51-60页

作者： Li SUN Zhuo DAI Ming XU Wei WANG Zengyao LI Applied Physics Department Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering Ministry of EducationSchool of Energy and Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China

Electron emission plays a dominant role in plasma-cathode interactions and is a key factor in many plasma phenomena and industrial *** is necessary to illustrate the various electron emission mechanisms and the corresponding applicable description models to evaluate their impacts on discharge *** this study,detailed expressions of the simplified formulas valid for field emission to thermo-field emission to thermionic emission typically used in the numerical simulation are proposed,and the corresponding application ranges are determined in the framework of the Murphy-Good theory,which is commonly regarded as the general model and to be accurate in the full range of conditions of the validity of the *** parameterization was used to evaluate the emission current density of the Murphy-Good formula,and a deviation factor was defined to obtain the application ranges for different work functions(2.5‒5 eV),cathode temperatures(300‒6000 K),and emitted electric fields(10^(5) to 10^(10) V·m^(-1)).The deviation factor was shown to be a nonmonotonic function of the three parameters.A comparative study of particle number densities in atmospheric gas discharge with a tungsten cathode was performed based on the one-dimensional implicit particle-in-cell(PIC)with the Monte Carlo collision(MCC)method according to the aforementioned application *** was found that small differences in emission current density can lead to variations in the distributions of particle number density due to changes in the collisional *** study provides a theoretical basis for selecting emission models for subsequent numerical simulations.

关键词： electron emission processes application range Murphy-Good theory implicit particlein-cell Monte Carlo collision method

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Multivariate statistical and bioinformatic analyses for the seasonal variations of actinobacterial community structures in a drinking water reservoir

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 1-17页

作者： Haihan Zhang Sixuan Pan BenMa Tinglin Huang Dmitry B.Kosolapov Manli Ma Xiang Liu Huan Liu Xiaoyan Liu shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of Northwest Water ResourceEnvironment and EcologyMOEXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters of Russian Academy of Sciences(IBIW RAS) 109BorokNekouzYaroslavl152742Russia

Actinobacterial community is a conspicuous part of aquatic ecosystems and displays an important role in the case of biogeochemical cycle,but little is known about the seasonal variation of actinobacterial community in reservoir ecological *** this study,the high-throughput techniques were used to investigate the structure of the aquatic actinobacterial community and its inducing water quality parameters in different *** results showed that the highest diversity and abundance of actinobacterial community occurred in winter,with Sporichthya(45.42%)being the most abundant genus and Rhodococcus sp.(29.32%)being the most abundant *** analysis and correlation analysis suggested that in autumn the dynamics of actinobacterial community were infuenced by more factors and Nocardioides ***2R5S2 was the potential keystone species which was negatively correlated with temperature(R=-0.72,P<0.05).Changes in environmental factors could significantly affect the changes in actinobacterial community,and the dynamics of temperature,dissolved oxygen(DO),and turbidity are potential conspicuous factors infuencing seasonal actinobacterial community *** partial least squares path modeling further elucidated that the combined effects of DO and temperature not only in the diversity of actinobacterial community but also in other water qualities,while the physiochemical parameters(path coefficient=1.571,P<0.05)was strong environmental factors in natural mixture *** results strengthen our understanding of the dynamics and structures of actinobacterial community in the drinking water reservoirs and provide scientific guidance for further water quality management and protection in water sources.

关键词： Source water reservoir High-throughput sequencing Correlation analysis Network analysis Partial least squares path modeling

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Heavy metals potentially drive co-selection of antibiotic resistance genes by shifting soil bacterial communities in paddy soils along the middle and lower Yangtze River

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 606-619页

作者： Ya ZHANG Hao WANG Minghui HU Rui CAI Yuqing MIAO Xiancan ZHU Anhui provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Metabolic Diseases Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological ResourcesCollege of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000(China) School of Geography and Tourism Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241003(China)

Heavy metals(HMs)and antibiotic resistance have become serious environmental problems affecting soil and human *** microorganisms play key roles in pollutant degradation and biogeochemical cycling processes;however,the interactions among HMs,soil microbial communities,and antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in agricultural soils remain *** quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and NovaSeq sequencing,we evaluated heavy metal contents,abundances of ARGs,soil bacterial community structure and functions,and their correlations in paddy soils at 43 sampling sites along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,central and eastern *** results showed the co-occurrence of HMs,ARGs,and HM resistance genes across all paddy ***,significant positive associations were detected between HMs and resistance ***,czcA,and int1 were positively correlated with bacterial community *** Mantel test showed that bacterial community composition and functions were significantly associated with HMs and resistance genes,such as Cd,Cr,Zn,copA,czcA,int1,and ***,HMs and ARGs were the major factors shaping soil bacterial communities;thus,HMs triggered proliferation of HM and antibiotic resistances by influencing the mobile genetic element(int1)and soil microbial *** study revealed that HMs potentially drive the co-selection of ARGs by shifting soil bacterial community structure and functions,thereby increasing the potential risks to human health as well as ecological environment in the paddy soils along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

关键词： agricultural ecosystem ecological risk heavy metal resistance microbial community soil contamination soil pollution

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Reference values of carotid intima-media thickness and arterial stiffness in Chinese adults based on ultrasound radio frequency signal: A nationwide, multicenter study

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第15期137卷 1802-1810页

作者： Xing Changyang Xie Xiujing Wu Yu Xu Lei Guan Xiangping Li Fan Zhan Xiaojun Yang Hengli Li Jinsong Zhou Qi Mu Yuming Zhou Qing Ding Yunchuan Wang Yingli Wang Xiangzhu Zheng Yu Sun Xiaofeng Li Hua Zhang Chaoxue Zhao Cheng Qiu Shaodong Yan Guozhen Yang Hong Mao Yinjuan Zhan Weiwei Ma Chunyan Gu Ying Chen Wu Xie Mingxing Jiang Tianan Yuan Lijun Department of Ultrasound Medicine Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi’an Shaanxi China Department of Ultrasound Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou Zhejiang China Department of Ultrasound Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China Department of Ultrasound Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xi’an Shaanxi China Ultrasound Medical Diagnosis Center Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Xi’an Shaanxi China Department of Ultrasound Hospital of Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an Shaanxi China Department of Ultrasound Xi’an No. Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University Xi’an Shaanxi China Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis The Second Affiliated Hospital Xi’an Medical College Xi’an Shaanxi China Department of Ultrasound Xi’an Gem Flower ChangQing Hospital Xi’an Shaanxi China Department of Ultrasound The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University China Xi’an Shaanxi China Department of Echocardiography First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi Xinjiang China Department of Ultrasound Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei China Department of Ultrasound Yan’an Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China Department of Ultrasound Yan’an University Xianyang Hospital Xianyang Shaanxi China Department of Function Examination Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital Beijing China Department of Ultrasound Xi’an Central Hospital Xi’an Shaanxi China Cadre’s Wards Ultrasound Department Diagnostic Ultrasound Center First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin China Department of Echocardiography Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi Xinjiang China Department of Ultrasound First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei

Background: Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and diameter, stiffness, and wave reflections, are independent and important clinical biomarkers and risk predictors for cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the present study was to establish nationwide reference values of carotid properties for healthy Chinese adults and to explore potential clinical ***: A total of 3053 healthy Han Chinese adults (1922 women) aged 18-79 years were enrolled at 28 collaborating tertiary centers throughout China between April 2021 and July 2022. The real-time tracking of common carotid artery walls was achieved by the radio frequency (RF) ultrasound system. The IMT, diameter, compliance coefficient, β stiffness, local pulse wave velocity (PWV), local systolic blood pressure, augmented pressure (AP), and augmentation index (AIx) were then automatically measured and reported. Data were stratified by age groups and sex. The relationships between age and carotid property parameters were analyzed by Jonckheere-Terpstra test and simple linear regressions. The major clinical determinants of carotid properties were identified by Pearson’s correlation, multiple linear regression, and analyses of ***: All the parameters of carotid properties demonstrated significantly age-related trajectories. Women showed thinner IMT, smaller carotid diameter, larger AP, and AIx than men. The β stiffness and PWV were significantly higher in men than women before forties, but the differences reversed after that. The increase rate of carotid IMT (5.5 μm/year in women and 5.8 μm/year in men) and diameter (0.03 mm/year in both men and women) were similar between men and women. For the stiffness and wave reflections, women showed significantly larger age-related variations than men as demonstrated by steeper regression slopes (allP for age by sex interaction <0.05). The blood pressures, body mass index (BMI), and triglyceride levels were identified as major clinical determinants o

关键词： Intima-media thickness Arterial stiffness Reference values Ultrasound radio frequency signal Wave reflections

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Ground state of Rydberg-dressed Bose gas confined in a toroidal trap

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第1期76卷 29-35页

作者： Lin-Xue Wang Hong-Li Yang Hui Liu Si-Lin Chen Ya-Jun Wang Xiao-Fei Zhang Department of Physics School of Physics and Information ScienceShaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi'an 710021China Department of Basic Sciences Air Force Engineering UniversityXi'an 710051China

The experimental realization of Rydberg dressing technology in ultracold atomic systems provides another superior platform for studying novel states of matter and macroscopic quantum *** this work,based on the mean-field theory,we have investigated the ground-state phases of a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate with Rydberg interaction and confined in a toroidal *** effects of the Rydberg interaction and external potential,especially the Rydberg blockade radius,on the ground-state structure of such a system have been investigated in full parameter *** results show that the Rydberg blockade radius,which can be regarded as another controllable parameter,can be used to obtain a variety of ground-state *** interestingly,it is found that for weak Rydberg interactions,the Rydberg blockade radius breaks the spontaneous rotational symmetry of the system,leading to the formation of a discrete unit cell *** strongly interacting cases,it can be used to realize different orders of discrete rotational symmetry breaking.

关键词： Bose-Einstein condensate Rydberg dressing toroidal trap

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Transcription factor CabHLH035 promotes cold resistance and homeostasis of reactive oxygen species in pepper

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 823-836页

作者： Huafeng Zhang Jiangbai Guo Xiaoqing Chen Yunyun Zhou Yingping Pei Lang Chen Saeed ul Haq Mingke Zhang Haijun Gong Rugang Chen College of Horticulture Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China shaanxi Engineering research Center for Vegetables YanglingShaanxi 712100China Department of Horticulture The University of Agriculture PeshawarPeshawarKhyber Pakhtunkhwa 25130Pakistan

Plant basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factors(TFs)play central roles in various abiotic ***,its role in plant cold resistance is largely ***,we characterised CaNAC035 in pepper,which positively regulates tolerance to cold,salt and drought stresses ***,we identified CabHLH035,a CaNAC035-interacting protein in *** explore its functions in cold stress tolerance,we silenced the gene in pepper via virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)and overexpressed the gene in *** results showed that CabHLH035 expression was induced by cold treatment,and silencing of CabHLH035 decreased cold stress ***,overexpression of CabHLH035 in Arabidopsis increased cold stress *** investigate homologs genes of C-repeat binding factor(CBF)pathway proteins and reactive oxygen species(ROS)marker gene expression blocking by CabHLH035,we performed yeast one-hybrid(Y1H),dual luciferase and electrophoretic mobility shift assay *** results showed that CabHLH035 bound to the region upstream of the CaCBF1A and CaAPX ***,CaCBF1A bound to the CaDHN4 *** together,our results showed that CabHLH035 plays a crucial role in cold stress tolerance and its potential as a target for breeding cold-resistant *** findings provide a basis for studying the functions and regulatory network of cold stress tolerance in pepper.

关键词： Pepper CabHLH035 Silencing Overexpression VIGS Cold tolerance

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Differentially Private Support Vector Machines with Knowledge Aggregation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3891-3907页

作者： Teng Wang Yao Zhang Jiangguo Liang Shuai Wang Shuanggen Liu School of Cyberspace Security Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an710121China

With the widespread data collection and processing,privacy-preserving machine learning has become increasingly important in addressing privacy risks related to *** vector machine(SVM)is one of the most elementary learning models of machine *** issues surrounding SVM classifier training have attracted increasing *** this paper,we investigate Differential Privacy-compliant Federated Machine Learning with Dimensionality Reduction,called FedDPDR-DPML,which greatly improves data utility while providing strong privacy *** in distributed learning scenarios,multiple participants usually hold unbalanced or small amounts of ***,FedDPDR-DPML enables multiple participants to collaboratively learn a global model based on weighted model averaging and knowledge aggregation and then the server distributes the global model to each participant to improve local data *** at high-dimensional data,we adopt differential privacy in both the principal component analysis(PCA)-based dimensionality reduction phase and SVM classifiers training phase,which improves model accuracy while achieving strict differential privacy ***,we train Differential privacy(DP)-compliant SVM classifiers by adding noise to the objective function itself,thus leading to better data *** experiments on three high-dimensional datasets demonstrate that FedDPDR-DPML can achieve high accuracy while ensuring strong privacy protection.

关键词： Differential privacy support vector machine knowledge aggregation data utility

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Facile fabrication of CdIn2S4/TiO2 heterojunction for enhanced solar light efficient CO2 reduction

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FRONTIERS OF CHEMICAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2024年第9期18卷 105-105页

作者： Ma, Xiaoyu Wang, Longlong She, Houde Zhou, Yu Wang, Lei Huang, Jingwei Wang, Qizhao Northwest Normal Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn Lanzhou 730070 Peoples R China Changan Univ Sch Environm Sci & Engn Xian 710064 Peoples R China

Photocatalytic CO2 reduction is a promising solution to simultaneously provide renewable chemical fuels and address the greenhouse effect. However, designing practical photocatalysts with advanced architectures remains challenging. Herein, we report the preparation of a novel CdIn2S4/TiO2 binary heterojunction via an in situ solvothermal approach, which exhibits superior photocatalytic activity for sunlight-driven CO2 reduction. The CdIn2S4/TiO2 composites exhibit significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance for CO2 reduction compared to unmodified TiO2. Among them, the 3% CdIn2S4/TiO2 composite has optimal CO and CH4 evolution rates of 18.32 and 1.03 mu molg(-1)h(-1), respectively. The yield of CO is 4.7 times higher than that of pristine TiO2. This improved photocatalytic activity of the CdIn2S4/TiO2 heterostructure can be attributed to its large surface area, extended light absorption range and high separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, which are supported by the results of photoluminescence spectroscopy and the photoelectrochemical measurements. Moreover, the photocatalytic mechanism based on the binary CdIn2S4/TiO2 heterojunction is proposed and separation process of photogenerated electron-hole pairs is discussed. In brief, we aim to provide insights into the application of TiO2 in energy conversion processes through the construction of heterogeneous junctions.

关键词： TiO2 CdIn2S4 heterojunction photocatalytic CO2 reduction PHOTOCATALYTIC REDUCTION CONVERSION OXIDATION

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Transplantation of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for repair of neurological damage in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第9期19卷 2027-2035页

作者： Lulu Xue Ruolan Du Ning Bi Qiuxia Xiao Yifei Sun Ruize Niu Yaxin Tan Li Chen Jia Liu Tinghua Wang Liulin Xiong Transformation research Laboratory The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Institute of Neurological Disease Translational Neuroscience CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Animal Zoology Institute of NeuroscienceKunming Medical UniversityKunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics the People’s Liberation Army Rocket Force Characteristic Medical CenterBeijingChina

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is often associated with permanent cerebral palsy,neurosensory impairments,and cognitive deficits,and there is no effective treatment for complications related to hypoxic-ischemic *** therapeutic potential of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for various diseases has been ***,the potential use of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy has not yet been *** this study,we injected human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle of a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy rat model and observed significant improvements in both cognitive and motor *** chip analysis showed that interleukin-3 expression was significantly elevated in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy model *** transplantation of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells,interleukin-3 expression was *** further investigate the role of interleukin-3 in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,we established an in vitro SH-SY5Y cell model of hypoxic-ischemic injury through oxygen-glucose deprivation and silenced interleukin-3 expression using small interfering *** found that the activity and proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation were further suppressed by interleukin-3 ***,interleukin-3 knockout exacerbated neuronal damage and cognitive and motor function impairment in rat models of hypoxic-ischemic *** findings suggest that transplantation of hpcMSCs ameliorated behavioral impairments in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,and this effect was mediated by interleukin-3-dependent neurological function.

关键词： behavioral evaluations gene knockout human neuroblastoma cells(SH-SY5Y) human placental chorionic derived mesenchymal stem cells interleukin-3 neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy nerve injury oxygen-glucose deprivation protein chip small interfering RNA

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Building a More Sustainable Chinese Loess Plateau

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 283-287页

作者： Peiyue Li Xiaomei Kou Yong Wang Le Niu School of Water and Environment Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of the Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China PowerChina Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited Xi'an 710065China PowerChina Sinohydro Bureau 3 Co. LTD.Xi'an 710024China

The Chinese Loess Plateau,a region of remarkable ecological and economic value,grapples with significant water management challenges due to its distinctive geology and *** perspective offers a short review of the eco-environmental protection measures undertaken in the Loess Plateau,underscoring the transformative impacts of initiatives such as the“Grain for Green”***,it also highlights the enduring challenges,including land degradation,water resources issues,socio-economic inequities,and the implications of climate ***,water management emerges as a pivotal issue with far-reaching repercussions for soil conservation,biodiversity,and human *** paper concludes by proposing future actions,emphasizing the necessity for policy modifications,novel initiatives,and research to tackle these challenges and foster sustainable development in the Loess *** insights gained from this region could offer invaluable lessons for other regions confronted with similar challenges,thereby contributing to global efforts to mitigate desertification and champion sustainable development.

关键词： Loess Plateau eco-environmental protection water management sustainable development climate change

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