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Origin and Evolution of Ultramafic Rocks along the Sagaing Fault, Myanmar

Journal of Earth science 2023年第1期34卷 122-132页

作者： Tomoaki Morishita Hnin Min Soe Hla Htay Than Htut Lwin Juan Miguel Guotana Akihiro Tamura Tomoyuki Mizukami Khin Zaw 无 Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering Kanazawa UniversityKanazawa920-1192Japan Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia UniversityPalisadesNY10964USA Volcanoes and Earth’s Interior Research Center Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology2-15 NatsushimaKanagawa237-0061Japan Geology Department University of MandalayMandalay05092Myanmar Geology Department Dagon UniversityNorth Dagon11422Myanmar Taunggoke Degree College TaunggokeTaunggoke Township07161Myanmar Graduate School of Natural science and technology Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaIshikawa920-1192Japan CODES ARC Centre of Excellence in Ore Deposits University of TasmaniaTasmania7001Australia

The active Sagaing fault in Myanmar defines the boundary between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate and causes seismic damage in the major cities of Myanmar. Small bodies of serpentinite occur along the fault. We for the first time investigated the highly sheared serpentinite bodies in the Sheinmagar area and Yega Inn area along the Sagaing fault. Extensively sheared/brecciated serpentinites and related rocks, such as talc and/or chlorite-bearing rocks contains small rock fragments of serpentinites. Serpentine texture and mineral chemistry indicate that the protolith of these serpentinites were mainly harzburgite with minor amounts of dunite, some of which are cut by gabbroic veins. No shape-preferred orientation of the antigorite is present, indicating that the serpentinization was occurred under relatively static conditions. Protolith and serpentine minerals are similar to those of the jadeitite-bearing serpentinites in the north of the Sagaing fault(the Jade Mine belt). Chemical variations of spinels in the studied area are within the compositional range of forearc peridotites and those in the mantle section of nearby ophiolites. After the formation of antigorite serpentinite under static conditions, these serpentinites were subsequently, but locally deformed, probably due to the activity of the Sagaing fault, resulting in the formation of serpentinite schist/brecciated rock. The presence of the less-deformed antigorite serpentinite in the sheared/brecciated zone indicates the strain localization mainly along the surrounding serpentine-talc(±chlorite) schistose rocks, which is probably formed by the reaction between serpentinite and country rocks. Further studies are needed to better understand whether the distribution of serpentinized peridotites cause variations in the activity of the Sagaing fault.

关键词： Sagaing fault serpentinite deformation ophiolite

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3H-31, A Non-structural Protein of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h,Inhibits the Host Larval Cathepsin and Chitinase Activities

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第5期36卷 1036-1051页

作者： Huan Yu Yi-Yi Ou-Yang Chang-Jin Yang Ni Li Madoka Nakai Guo-Hua Huang Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of plant Diseases and Insect Pests Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China College of plant Protection Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Tokyo University of Agriculture and technology SaiwaiFuchuTokyo 183-8509Japan

3h-31 of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h(Hv AV-3h)is a highly conserved gene of *** an early gene of Hv AV-3h,3h-31 codes for a non-structural protein(3H-31)of Hv *** the study,3h-31 was initially transcribed and expressed at 3 h post-infection(hpi)in the infected Spodoptera exigua fat body cells(Se FB).3h-31 was further inserted into the bacmid of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus(Ac MNPV)to generate an infectious baculovirus(Ac MNPV-31).In vivo experiments showed that budded virus production and viral DNA replication decreased with the expression of 3H-31,and lucent tubular structures were found around the virogenic stroma in the Ac MNPV-31-infected Se FB *** vivo,both LD50and LD90values of Ac MNPV-31 were significantly higher than those of the wild-type Ac MNPV(Ac MNPV-wt)in third instar *** *** interesting finding was that the liquefaction of the larvae killed by the infection of Ac MNPV-31 was *** and cathepsin activities of Ac MNPV-31-infected larvae were significantly lower than those of Ac MNPV-wt-infected *** possible regulatory function of the chitinase and cathepsin for 3H-31 was further confirmed by RNAi,which showed that larval cathepsin activity was significantly upregulated,but chitinase activity was not significantly changed due to the RNAi of *** on the obtained results,we assumed that the function of 3H-31 was associated with the inhibition of host larval chitinase and cathepsin activities,so as to restrain the hosts in their larval stages.

关键词： Cathepsin Chitinase Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h(HvAV-3h) Recombinant virus 3h-31

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Sodium-doped carbon nitride nanotubes for efficient visible light-driven hydrogen production

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Nano Research 2018年第4期11卷 2295-2309页

作者： Longshuai Zhang Ning Ding Muneaki Hashimoto Koudai Iwasaki Noriyasu Chikamori Kazuya Nakata Yuzhuan Xu Jiangjian Shi Huijue Wu Yanhong Luo Dongmei Li Akira Fujishima Qingbo Meng Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics CAS Beijing 100190 China Photocatalysis International Research Center Research Institute for Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science 2641 Yamazaki Noda Chiba 278-0022 Japan School of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Sodium-doped carbon nitride nanotubes （Nax-CNNTs） were prepared by a green and simple two-step method and applied in photocatalytic water splitting for the first time. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） element mapping and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） measurements confirm that sodium was successfully introduced in the carbon nitride nanotubes （CNNTs）, and the intrinsic structure of graphitic carbon nitride （g-C3N4） was also maintained in the products. Moreover, the porous structure of the CNNTs leads to relatively large specific surface areas. Photocatalytic tests indicate that the porous tubular structure and Na＋ doping can synergistically enhance the hydrogen evolution rate under visible light （λ 〉 420 nm） irradiation in the presence of sacrificial agents, leading to a hydrogen evolution rate as high as 143 μmol·h-1 （20 mg catalyst）. Moreover, other alkali metal-doped CNNTs, such as Lix-CNNTs and Kx-CNNTs, were tested; both materials were found to enhance the hydrogen evolution rate, but to a lower extent compared with the Nax-CNNTs. This highlights the general applicability of the present method to prepare alkali metal-doped CNNTs; a preliminary mechanism for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction in the Nax-CNNTs is also proposed.

关键词： graphitic carbon nitrides nanotubes alkali metal doping photocatalytic hydrogen production hydrothermal/thermopolymerization processes two-step synthesis

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Experimental research on the feature of an x-ray Talbot–Lau interferometer versus tube accelerating voltage

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第6期24卷 673-678页

作者：王圣浩 Margie P.Olbinado Atsushi Momose 韩华杰胡仁芳王志立高昆张凯朱佩平吴自玉 National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials Tohoku University Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

X-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer has been used most widely to perform x-ray phase-contrast imaging with a con- ventional low-brilliance x-ray source, and it yields high-sensitivity phase and dark-field images of samples producing low absorption contrast, thus beating tremendous potential for future clinical diagnosis. In this work, by changing the accel- erating voltage of the x-ray tube from 35 kV to 45 kV, x-ray phase-contrast imaging of a test sample is performed at each integer value of the accelerating voltage to investigate the characteristic of an x-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer （located in the Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, japan） versus tube voltage. Ex- perimental results and data analysis show that within a range this x-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer is not sensitive to the accelerating voltage of the tube with a constant fringe visibility of ~ 44%. This x-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer research demonstrates the feasibility of a new dual energy phase-contrast x-ray imaging strategy and the possibility to collect a refraction spectrum.

关键词： x-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer x-ray imaging phase-contrast tube accelerating voltage x-ray tube

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Reaction kinetics modeling for lithium and cobalt recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries using acetic acid

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2019年第1期26卷 98-107页

作者： Hendrik Setiawan Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus Indra Perdana Sustainable Mineral Processing Research Group Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada

Lithium and cobalt recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) is a major focus because of their increased production and usage. The conventional method for recycling spent LIBs using inorganic acids produces harmful byproducts. In this work, the leaching agent was substituted with a less expensive and more environmentally friendly alternative—acetic acid—and a mathematical model was developed to describe the kinetics of the recovery process. The variables used were the pH value, temperature, H_2O_2 concentration, and the solid-to-liquid(S/L) ratio. The mathematical model used was the shrinking core model, which was modified to accommodate an equilibrium reaction. The experimental results show that the rate of recovery of Li and Co over time was only affected by temperature. The leaching behaviors of Li and Co were found to oppose each other. An increase in temperature resulted in increased recovery of Li but decreased recovery of Co because of the product-favoring endothermic reaction of Li and the reactant-favoring exothermic reaction of Co. The product of Li has a lower entropy value than the reactant as a free-moving ion, whereas the product of Co leaching has a higher entropy value as a stiff crystal complex. Thus, temperature conditioning is a pivotal factor in the leaching of spent LIBs.

关键词： spent libs lithium cobalt kinetics modeling recovery equilibrium

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Increase in medium-size rainfall events will enhance the C-sequestration capacity of biological soil crusts

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2019年第1期11卷 81-92页

作者： CuiHua Huang Fei Peng Itaru Shibata Jun Luo Xian Xue Kinya Akashi Atsushi Tsunekawa Tao Wang Minqin Salinization Research Station Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Science International Platform for Dryland Research and Education Tottori University Arid Land Research Center Tottori University

Biological soil crusts(BSCs) play important roles in the carbon(C) balance in arid regions. Net C balance of BSCs is strongly dependent on rainfall and consequent activation of microbes in the BSCs. The compensation-rainfall size for BSCs(the minimum rainfall amount for a positive net C balance) is assumed to be different with BSCs of different developmental stages. A field experiment with simulated rainfall amount(SRA) of 0, 1, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mm was conducted to examine the C fluxes and compensation-rainfall size of BSCs in different parts of fixed dunes in the ecotone between the Badain Jaran Desert and the Minqin Oasis. We found algae-lichen crust on the interdunes and crest, algae crust on the leeward side, and lichen-moss crust on the windward. Even a small rainfall(1 mm) can activate both photosynthesis and respiration of all types of BSCs. The gross ecosystem production, ecosystem respiration, and net ecosystem exchange were significantly affected by SRA, hours after the simulated rainfall, position on a dune, and their interactions. The rapid activation of photosynthesis provides a C source and therefore could be responsible for the increase of C efflux after each rewetting. C-uptake and-emission capacity of all the BSCs positively correlated with rainfall size, with the lowest C fluxes on the leeward side. The compensation rainfall for a net C uptake was 3.80, 15.54, 8.62, and 1.88 mm for BSCs on the interdunes, the leeward side, the crest, and the windward side, respectively. The whole dune started to show a net C uptake with an SRA of 5 mm and maximized with an SRA of about 30 mm. The compensation-rainfall size is negatively correlated with chlorophyll content. Our results suggest that BSCs will be favored in terms of C balance, and sand dune stabilization could be sustained with an increasing frequency of 5-10 mm rainfall events in the desert-oasis transitional zone.-

关键词： biological soil crust rainfall size desert-oasis ecotone C balance arid region

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Preparation of activated carbon from cattail and its application for dyes removal

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2010年第1期22卷 91-97页

作者： Qianqian Shi Jian Zhang Chenglu Zhang Cong Li Bo Zhang Weiwei Hu Jingtao Xu Ran Zhao School of Environmental science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Activated carbon was prepared from cattail by H3PO4 activation. The effects influencing the surface area of the resulting activated carbon followed the sequence of activated temperature 〉 activated time 〉 impregnation ratio 〉 impregnation time. The optimum condition was found at an impregnation ratio of 2.5, an impregnation time of 9 hr, an activated temperature of 500℃, and an activated time of 80 min. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and average pore size of the activated carbon were 1279 m^2/g and 5.585 nm, respectively. A heterogeneous structure in terms of both size and shape was highly developed and widely distributed on the carbon surface. Some groups containing oxygen and phosphorus were formed, and the carboxyl group was the major oxygen-containing functional group. An isotherm equilibrium study was carried out to investigate the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon. The data fit the Langmuir isotherm equation, with maximum monolayer adsorption capacities of 192.30 mg/g for Neutral Red and 196.08 mg/g for Malachite Green. Dye-exhausted carbon could be regenerated effectively by thermal treatment. The results indicated that cattail-derived activated carbon was a promising adsorbent for the removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solutions.

关键词： cattail activated carbon H3PO4 activation dyes removal regeneration

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Single-bit full adder and logic gate based on synthetic antiferromagnetic bilayer skyrmions

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Rare Metals 2022年第7期41卷 2249-2258页

作者： Kai Yu Mak Jing Xia Xi-Chao Zhang Li Li Mouad Fattouhi Motohiko Ezawa Xiao-Xi Liu Yan Zhou School of science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518172China College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shinshu UniversityNagano 380-8553Japan Department of Applied Physics University of SalamancaSalamanca 37008Spain Department of Applied Physics University of TokyoTokyo 113-8656Japan

Skyrmion-based devices are promising candi-dates for non-volatile memory and low-delay time *** skyrmion-based devices execute operation by controlling skyrmion trajectory,which can be impeded by the skyrmion Hall ***,the design of skyrmion-based arithmetic devices built on synthetic antiferromag-netic(SyAF)structures is presented,where the structure can greatly suppress skyrmion Hall *** this study,the operations of skyrmion-based half adder,full adder,and XOR logic gate are executed by introducing geometric notches and tilted edges,which can annihilate or diverge *** of these skyrmion-based devices is evaluated,where the delay time and energy-delay product of the single-bit full adder are 1.95 ns and 2.50×10^(-22)Js,which are only 12%and 79%those of the previously proposed skyrmion-based single-bit full *** improvement is significant in the construction of ripple-carry adder and ripple-carry ***,our skyrmion-based SyAF arithmetic device is a promising candidate to develop high-speed spintronic devices.

关键词： Skyrmion Full adder Synthetic antiferromagnet Lowdelaytime electronics Micromagnets

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Rhizosphere effect of different aquatic plants on phosphorus depletion

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Frontiers of Environmental science & Engineering 2008年第3期2卷 274-279页

作者： Zhenyu WANG Shengfang WEN Baoshan XING Dongmei GAO Fengmin LI Key Laboratory of Ocean Ecology&Environment of Ministry of Education College of Environmental Science and EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Department of plant Soil and Insect SciencesUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMA01003USA

A series of pot experiments with Alternanthera philoxeroides,Typha latifolia,Sagittaria sagittifolia and Phragmites communis were conducted to assess the phosphorus depletion effect in the *** ratio of root to shoot,root morphology,phosphorus uptake efficiency and phosphorus utilization efficiency were *** obvious variation in phosphorus concentrations between the rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil was *** water-soluble P contents in the rhizosphere soil of ***,***,*** and *** were reduced by 81%,42%,18%and 16%,respectively,compared with that in the non-rhizosphere *** had the highest phosphorus uptake efficiency(1.32 mg/m),while *** achieved the effective phosphorus depletion by the strong rooting system and the high phosphorus uptake efficiency(0.52 mg/m).*** not only used phosphorus to produce biomass economically,but also adjusted carbon allocation to the roots to explore the soil for more available *** and *** were more effective in depleting phosphorus in the rhizosphere than *** and ***.

关键词： rhizosphere soil water-soluble P phosphorus depletion aquatic plants

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Identifying quasi-2D and 1D electrides in yttrium and scandium chlorides via geometrical identification

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npj Computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 17-25页

作者： Biao Wan Yangfan Lu Zewen Xiao Yoshinori Muraba Junghwan Kim Dajian Huang Lailei Wu Huiyang Gou Jingwu Zhang Faming Gao Ho-kwang Mao Hideo Hosono Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials science and technology College of Material Science and EngineeringYanshan University066004 QinhuangdaoChina Center for High Pressure science and technology Advanced Research 100094 BeijingChina Materials Research Center for Element Strategy Tokyo Institute of Technology4259 NagatsutachoMidori-ku Yokohama226-8503 KanagawaJapan Laboratory for Materials and Structures Institute of Innovative ResearchTokyo Institute of TechnologyMailbox R3-44259 Nagatsuta-choMidori-ku226-8503 YokohamaJapan Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry College of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringYanshan University066004 QinhuangdaoChina Geophysical Laboratory Carnegie Institution of Washington5251 Broad Branch Road NWWashingtonDC 20015USA

Developing and understanding electron-rich electrides offers a promising opportunity for a variety of electronic and catalytic *** a geometrical identification strategy,here we identify a new class of electride material,yttrium/scandium chlorides Y(Sc)_(x)Cl_(y)(yx<2).Anionic electrons are found in the metal octahedral framework *** diverse electronic dimensionality of these electrides is quantified explicitly by quasi-two-dimensional(2D)electrides for[YCl]^(+)∙e−and[ScCl]^(+∙)e−and one-dimensional(1D)electrides for[Y_(2)Cl_(3)]^(+)∙e−,[Sc_(7)Cl_(10)]^(+)∙e−,and[Sc5Cl8]2+∙2e−with divalent metal elements(Sc^(2+):3d^(1) and Y^(2+):4d^(1)).The localized anionic electrons were confined within the inner-layer spaces,rather than inter-layer spaces that are observed in A_(2)B-type 2D electrides,***_(2)***,when hydrogen atoms are introduced into the host structures to form YClH and Y2Cl3H,the generated phases transform to conventional ionic compounds but exhibited a surprising reduction of work function,arising from the increased Fermi level energy,contrary to the conventional electrides reported so far.Y_(2C)l_(3) was experimentally confirmed to be a semiconductor with a band gap of 1.14 *** results may help to promote the rational design and discovery of new electride materials for further technological applications.

关键词： yttrium quasi rational

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