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Pore evolution characteristic of shale in the Longmaxi Formation,Sichuan Basin

Petroleum Research 2017年第4期2卷 291-300页

作者： Wenping Liu Jun Liu Molun Cai Chao Luo Xuewen Shi Jian Zhang Shale Gas Research Institute PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanySichuan 610051China Shale Gas Evaluation and Exploitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan 610213China CCDC Geological Exploration&Development Research Institute Sichuan 610051China

Through the field emission scanning electronic microscope(FESEM)and the nitrogen adsorption test,pore type and structure of shale reservoir in the Longmaxi Formation in the Sichuan Basin were well *** showed that the pore type includes organic pore,intercrystalline pore,dissolution intracrystalline pore and interparticle pore,and the organic pore was one of major pore types;among the organic pore,the micropore had large pore volume and specific surface area,and was the main storage space of shale *** study on effect of total organic carbon(TOC),organic matter maturity(Ro),diagenesis and tectonism on shale porosity,influence of TOC on porosity could be divided into four stages:the rapid increasing stage(TOC from 0 to 2%),the slow decreasing stage(TOC from 2 to 3%),the rapid increasing stage(TOC from 3 to 4%or 6%)and the rapid decreasing stage(TOC>4%or 6%);influence of the maturity on porosity of shale could be divided into three stages:the rapid decreasing stage(Ro from 1.5 to 2.2%),the rapid increasing stage(Ro from 2.2 to 2.7%)and the rapid decreasing stage(Ro>2.7%);during the high thermal evolution stage,the organic diagenesis was stronger than the inorganic diagenesis;the tectonism had a great impact on porosity,and the more intense the tectonism was,the smaller the porosity would *** evolution of shale porosity of the Longmaxi Formation underwent five stages:the immature rapid compaction stage(Ro2.7%);among which the mature hydrocarbon generation and dissolution stage and the overmature secondary pyrolysis stage were the most favorable shale pore development stages。

关键词： Organic pore Inorganic pore TOC Organic matter maturity Shale Longmaxi formation

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An ARM-based debugging system for multipole array acoustic logging tools

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Petroleum science 2014年第4期11卷 508-518页

作者： Lu Junqiang Ju Xiaodong Men Baiyong State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing Key Laboratory of Earth Prospecting and Information technology China University of Petroleum

This paper presents a debugging system for multi-pole array acoustic logging （MPAL） tools. The debugging system proposed in this study can debug the MPAL tool system, sub-system and local electronics. In the test equipment, we have used principal and subordinate structures, and interconnected the host computer and the front-end machine via Ethernet. The front-end machine is based on the ARM7 （advanced reduced instruction set computing （RISC） machine） technique, the processor of which runs an embedded operating system, namely, uClinux OS. We have analyzed the system telecommunication, human-machine interface circuit, transmitter mandrel interface circuit, receiver mandrel interface circuit, and board-level test interface circuit. The software used in the system consists of the embedded front-computer software and the host application software. We have explained in detail the flow chart of the boot loader in the embedded front-computer software. The host application software is composed of four application subroutines, which match with the functional modules of the system hardware. A net communication program based on the server^client mode is implemented by means of socket programming and multi-thread programming. Test results indicate that the data transmission rate of the system is higher than 1 MB/s, which completely meets the current requirements of the data transmission rate between the tool system and the wireline telemetry device. Application of the debugging system, which includes multiple level test methods, shows that the proposed system can fully meet the test requirements of MPAL at various levels.

关键词： Acoustic logging tool debug system advanced RISC machines embedded technique,network interconnection

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Rapid accuracy determining DNA purity and concentration in heavy oils by spectrophotometry methods

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Petroleum science 2023年第6期20卷 3394-3399页

作者： YunYang Wan HongMei Mu Na Luo JianPing Yang Yan Tian Ning Hong HaiLiang Dong National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering Research Centre for Geomicrobial Resources and ApplicationBeijing Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution and ControlUnconventional Petroleum Research InstituteChina University of PetroleumBeijing102249China Drilling and Production Engineering technology Department of petrochina Liaohe Oilfield Company Panjin124010LiaoningChina Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research State Key Laboratory of Biology and Environmental GeologyChina University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China

DNA analysis is the core of biotechnology applied in petroleum resources and engineering. Traditionally accurate determination of DNA purity and concentration by spectrometer is the first and critical step for downstream molecular biology research. In this study, three different spectrophotometry methods, BPM, NDTT and NPMTTZ were compared for their performance in determining DNA concentration and purity in 32 oil samples, and molecule methods like quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and high-throughput sequence were also performed to help assess the accuracy of the three methods in determining DNA concentration and purity. For ordinary heavy oil (OHO), extra heavy oil (EHO) and super heavy oil (SHO), the characteristics of high viscosity (η), density (ρ) and resin plus asphaltene content will affect the DNA extraction and UV determination. The DNA concentration was decreased as density increased: OHO (11.46 ± 18.34 ng/μL), EHO (6.68 ± 9.67 ng/μL) and SHO (6.20 ± 7.83 ng/μL), and the DNA purity was on the reverse: OHO (1.31 ± 0.27), EHO (1.54 ± 0.20), and SHO (1.83 ± 0.32). The results suggest that spectrophotometry such as BPM and NPMTTZ are qualitatively favorite methods as the quick non-consumable methods in determining DNA concentration and purity of medium oil and heavy oil.

关键词： Heavy oil DNA concentration DNA purity Spectrophotometry qPCR

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Constrains of eruption environment and hydrothermal fluid on the Permian pyroclastic reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin,SW China

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Petroleum 2022年第1期8卷 17-30页

作者： Xiaohong Liu Yiqian Zhuo Mingyou Feng Benjian Zhang Maolong Xia Xingzhi Wang School of Geoscience and technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Natural Gas Geology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu610500China Northwest Sichuan Mining District PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Filed CompanyJiangyou621709China petrochina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company Exploration and Development Research Institute Chengdu610041China

A breakthrough has been recently made in the hydrocarbon exploration of the Permian pyroclastic rocks in the Jianyang Area,western Sichuan Basin,*** an aim to decipher the impacts of the eruption environment,the temperature of hydrothermal fluids,and the paleo-salinity on the formation of authigenic mineral assemblage and pores,this study implements comprehensive petrographic and geochemical studies through the integrated core and thin section *** data presented demonstrate that the Permian volcanic intervals are intensively affected by an event of Emei *** basaltic magma upward migration,fractional crystallization of anorthose results in slightlyalkaline *** specific pyroclastic rocks are formed by the eruption of slightly-alkaline magma in the sea or a salt lake and subsequent hydrothermal *** deposition and diagenesis,the authigenic mineral association is constrained jointly by the sodium-rich and high salinity water environment,and mid-high temperature,high-salinity hydrothermal ***,the sodium-rich hydrothermal fluid,which may sustain till the late diagenesis stage,caused pervasive albitization of pyroclastic rocks,then leading to mineral transformation and formation of a series of mineral ***,zeolitization of volcanic glass and vesicle-infillings of zeolite is an essential condition for later mineral transformation and *** of analcite,recrystallization induced by deep hydrothermal fluids,and both meteoric and deep burial dissolution expanding the micro-pore space ultimately formed porous pyroclastic reservoirs.

关键词： Permian Pyroclastic rock Eruption environment Hydrothermal fluid Sichuan basin Southwest China

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Analysis of radial basis function interpolation approach

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Applied Geophysics 2013年第4期10卷 397-410,511页

作者：邹友龙胡法龙周灿灿李潮流李长喜 Keh-Jim Dunn 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083 中国石油大学北京102249

The radial basis function （RBF） interpolation approach proposed by Freedman is used to solve inverse problems encountered in well-logging and other petrophysical issues. The approach is to predict petrophysical properties in the laboratory on the basis of physical rock datasets, which include the formation factor, viscosity, permeability, and molecular composition. However, this approach does not consider the effect of spatial distribution of the calibration data on the interpolation result. This study proposes a new RBF interpolation approach based on the Freedman＇s RBF interpolation approach, by which the unit basis functions are uniformly populated in the space domain. The inverse results of the two approaches are comparatively analyzed by using our datasets. We determine that although the interpolation effects of the two approaches are equivalent, the new approach is more flexible and beneficial for reducing the number of basis functions when the database is large, resulting in simplification of the interpolation function expression. However, the predicted results of the central data are not sufficiently satisfied when the data clusters are far apart.

关键词： Inverse problems radial basis function interpolation new approach

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Modeling CO_2 miscible flooding for enhanced oil recovery

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Petroleum science 2012年第2期9卷 192-198页

作者： Ju Binshan Wu Yu-Shu Qin Jishun Fan Tailiang Li Zhiping School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China Key Laboratory of Marine Reservoir Evolution and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism Ministry of EducationChinaUniversity of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Colorado School of Mines USA petrochina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China

The injection of fuel-generated CO2 into oil reservoirs will lead to two benefits in both enhanced oil recovery （EOR） and the reduction in atmospheric emission of CO2. To get an insight into CO2 miscible flooding performance in oil reservoirs, a multi-compositional non-isothermal CO2 miscible flooding mathematical model is developed. The convection and diffusion of CO2-hydrocarbon mixtures in multiphase fluids in reservoirs, mass transfer between CO2 and crude, and formation damages caused by asphaltene precipitation are fully considered in the model. The governing equations are discretized in space using the integral finite difference method. The Newton-Raphson iterative technique was used to solve the nonlinear equation systems of mass and energy conservation. A numerical simulator, in which regular grids and irregular grids are optional, was developed for predicting CO2 miscible flooding processes. Two examples of one-dimensional （1D） regular and three-dimensional （3D） rectangle and polygonal grids are designed to demonstrate the functions of the simulator. Experimental data validate the developed simulator by comparison with 1D simulation results. The applications of the simulator indicate that it is feasible for predicting CO2 flooding in oil reservoirs for EOR.

关键词： Compositional simulator CO2 flooding mathematical model irregular grids

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Meso-Cenozoic extensional structures in the Northern Tarim Basin,NW China

Meso-Cenozoic extensional structures in the Northern Tarim B...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2013年度（第13届）学术年会

作者： Yue-Jun Li Yan Zhao Long-De Sun Wen-Jie Song Duo-Ming Zheng Ya-Lei Liu Dao-Xuan Wang Jian-Feng Hu Qi-Rui Zhang Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences petrochina Company Limited Tarim Oil-field Company PetroChina Hefei University of technology

Meso-Cenozoic extensional structures are important for understanding the tectonics of the Chinese Central *** paper presents a systematic investigation on the Meso-Cenozoic extensional structures in the Northern Tarim *** interpretations of seismic data reveal that the Meso-Cenozoic extensional structures were widely developed in the Northern Tarim *** extensional structures are regionally composed of many small normal faults,which usually group into left-or right-step en echelon and form several transtensional fault *** of normal faults in profile become small graben-horst or staircase-like *** on the areal distribution, structural style,combination relationship,formation and evolution time,and formation mechanism of the extensional structures,we found that the Meso-Cenozoic extensional structures in Northern Tarim Basin can be classified into two conjugate normal fault systems,which were formed separately in Jurassic-Early Cretaceous and Late Cretaceous-Neogene. The former is likely associated with the stress relaxation after a collisional orogeny accompanied with a certain degree of anticlockwise rotation of the Tarim block relative to the South Tianshan;the latter is possibly induced by the east by south tectonic escape of the Tarim block with a certain degree of clockwise rotation relative to the South Tianshan triggered by the far-field effect of the Himalayan orogeny.

关键词： Northern Tarim Basin Seismic profile Meso-Cenozoic extensional structure Transtensional fault zone Post-orogenic stress relaxation Tectonic escape

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Characterization of natural fractures in deep-marine shales: a case study of the Wufeng and Longmaxi shale in the Luzhou Block Sichuan Basin, China

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Frontiers of Earth science 2023年第1期17卷 337-350页

作者： Shasha SUN Saipeng HUANG Enrique GOMEZ-RIVAS Albert GRIERA ΒοLIU Lulu XU Yaru WEN Dazhong DONG Zhensheng SHI Yan CHANG Yin XING petrochina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Efficient Development Ministry of EducationNortheast Petroleum UniversityDaqing 163318China Departament de Mineralogia Petrologia i Geologia AplicadaFacultat de Ciències de la TerraUniversitat de Barcelona(UB)c/Martíi Franquès s/nBarcelona 08028Spain Departament de Geologia Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Cerdanyola del VallèsSpain Hubei Geological Survey Wuhan 430034China School of Geography science and Geomatics Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

Natural fractures are of crucial importance for oil and gas reservoirs,especially for those with ultralow permeability and *** deep-marine shale gas reservoirs of the Wufeng and Longmaxi Formations are typical targets for the study of natural fracture *** descriptions of full-diameter shale drill core,together with 3D Computed Tomography scans and Formation MicroScanner Image data acquisition,were carried out to characterize microfracture morphology in order to obtain the key parameters of natural fractures in such *** fracture type,orientation,and their macroscopic and microscopic distribution features are *** results show that the natural fracture density appears to remarkably decrease in the Wufeng and Longmaxi Formations with increasing the burial *** trends have been observed for fracture length and ***,the natural fracture density diminishes as the formation thickness *** are three main types of natural fractures,which we interpret as(I)mineral-filled fractures(by pyrite and calcite),i.e.,veins,(II)those induced by tectonic stress,and(III)those formed by other processes(including diagenetic shrinkage and fluid overpressure).Natural fracture orientations estimated from the studied natural fractures in the Luzhou block are not consistent with the present-day stress *** difference in tortuosity between horizontally and vertically oriented fractures reveals their morphological *** addition,natural fracture density,host rock formation thickness,average total organic carbon and effective porosity are found to be important factors for evaluating shale gas *** study also reveals that the high density of natural fractures is decisive to evaluate the shale gas *** results may have significant implications for evaluating favorable exploration areas of shale gas reservoirs and can be applied to optimize hydraulic fracturing for permeability enhancement.

关键词： marine shale natural fracture filled fracture tortuosity

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