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A review on the structure-performance relationship of the catalysts during propane dehydrogenation reaction

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Petroleum Science 2022年第2期19卷 819-838页

作者： Bohan Feng Yue-Chang Wei Wei-Yu Song Chun-Ming Xu State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of ScienceChina University of PetroleumBeijing102249People's Republic of China

Dehydrogenation of propane(PDH)technology is one of the most promising on-purpose technologies to solve supply-demand unbalance of *** industrial catalysts for PDH,such as Pt-and Cr-based catalysts,still have their own limitation in expensive price and security ***,a deep understanding into the structure-performance relationship of the catalysts during PDH reaction is necessary to achieve innovation in advanced high-efficient *** this review,we focused on discussion of structure-performance relationship of catalysts in *** on analysis of reaction mechanism and nature of active sites,we detailed interaction mechanism between structure of active sites and catalytic performance in metal catalysts and oxide *** relationship between coke deposition,co-feeding gas,catalytic activity and nanostructure of the catalysts are also *** these discussions on the relationship between structure and performances,we try to provide the insights into microstructure of active sites in PDH and the rational guidance for future design and development of PDH catalysts.

关键词： Dehydrogenation of propane Metal catalysts Oxide catalysts Structure-performance relationship Active site Reaction mechanism

Influence of tectonic uplift-erosion on formation pressure

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Petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 477-484页

作者： Xu Hao Zhang Junfeng Jia Chengzao Tang Dazhen Yin Wei School of Energy Resources Key Laboratory of Marine Reservoir Evolution and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China petrochina Exploration and Production Company Beijing 100007 China petrochina Co. Ltd. Beijing 100007 China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083 China

The formation of abnormally low-pressure hydrocarbon reservoirs in petroliferous basins has a close relationship with tectonic uplift and the consequent erosion. In order to understand abnormally low-pressure reservoirs and to provide a scientific basis for exploration and development, we established, through numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, a set of equations for the formation pressure in a closed system influenced by uplift-erosion, discussed the relationship between the genesis of abnormal pressure and uplift-erosion, and put forward the concept of balance pressure （P b ）. The results showed that abnormally high pressure coefficient may form when the current formation pressure was higher than P b , and abnormally low pressure may form when the current formation pressure was lower than P b . In the Santanghu Basin, the current formation pressure of abnormally low pressure reservoirs is lower than P b , so tectonic uplift-erosion leads to the decrease of the pressure coefficient. There is a positive correlation between the pressure drop caused by the decrease of fluid temperature and the rebound of rock porosity and strata erosion. Calculation results indicated that the reservoir pressure of Jurassic strata in the Santanghu Basin was decreased by 11.6-17.1 MPa due to tectonic uplift-erosion during the Late Yanshanian period.

关键词： Uplift-erosion formation pressure temperature decrease porosity rebound abnormally low pressure Santanghu Basin

Effects of Ultrasonic Treatment on Residue Properties

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2013年第4期15卷 14-19页

作者： Sun Yudong Zhang Qiang Shi Honghong Wang Xue Liu Bo State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum

The changes in properties and structural parameters of four vacuum residue samples before and after ultrasonic treatment were analyzed. Ultrasonic treatment could increase the carbon residue value, decrease the average molecular weight and viscosity, which can barely inlfuence the density of vacuum residue. Meanwhile the constitution of residue can be varied including the decrease in the content of saturates, aromatics and asphaltenes, while the increase in the content of resins can lead to an increase in the total content of asphaltenes and resins. Among the four kinds of residue samples, there is a common trend that the more the content of asphaltenes in feedstock is, the more the increase in the content of resins, the more signiifcant decrease in the aromatic content and the less decrease in the saturates content after ultrasonic treatment of residue would be. Changes in the structure and content of asphaltenes caused by ultrasonic treatment have a signiifcant impact on the changes in residue properties. Ultrasonic treatment has changed the structural parameters of residue such as decrease in the total carbon number of average molecule （CTotal）, the total number of rings （RT）, the aromatic carbon number （CA）,the aromatic rings number （RA） and the naphthenic rings number （RN） , and increase of characterization factor （KH）. The study has indicated that ultrasonic treatment of vacuum residue can change the average structure of residue, and the changes in the content and structure of asphaltenes are the main cause leading to property changes. The results of residue hydrotreat-ing revealed that coke yield decreased, whereas the gas and light oil yield and conversion increased after ultrasonic treat-ment of vacuum residue.

关键词： ultrasonic treatment residue asphaltene SARA fractions structure parameters

Fabricating biopolymer-inorganic hybrid microspheres for enzyme immobilization:Connect membrane emulsification with biomimetic mineralization

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Particuology 2022年第5期20卷 171-177页

作者： Jian Li Tiantian Feng Lin Han Min Zhang Tao Jiang College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China

The organic-inorganic hybrid composites displayed great potential for biotechnological and biomedical *** this research,a gelatin/alginate/silica hybrid microsphere was developed by a synergy of membrane emulsification process and biomimetic mineralization *** gelatin was mixed and complexed with alginate solutions(water phase).The water phase was extruded through a Shirasu Porous Glass(SPG)membrane,and then was crosslinked,which formed gelatin/alginate *** biomimetic mineralization was occurred in situ by immersing gelatin/alginate complex in a Na_(2)SiO_(3) solution,while silica was formed around the organic microspheres,resulting in the final gelatin/alginate/silica hybrid *** microspheres were characterized by SEM,TEM,EDS,TGA/DTA,and *** hybrid microcapsules present a more than 40%mass fraction of the inorganic component,and displayed superior swelling resistance to biopolymer complex *** dehydrogenase(GlyDH)was immobilized in the obtained novel gelatin/alginate-silica hybrid microspheres as the model *** to the protective effect of carriers,the pH tolerance stability,storage and recycling stability of the immobilized GlyDH were all improved in comparison with free GlyDH.

关键词： Membrane emulsification Immobilized enzyme Biomimetic mineralization Gelatin Alginate Microspheres

CFD analysis and field observation of tool erosion caused by abrasive waterjet fracturing

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Petroleum Science 2020年第3期17卷 701-711页

作者： Mao Sheng Zhong-Wei Huang Shou-Ceng Tian Yi Zhang Shi-Wang Gao Yun-Peng Jia State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing 102249China College of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing 102249China Petroleum Engineering Research Institute of petrochina Dagang Oilfield Company Tianjin 300270China

Abrasive waterjet(AWJ)fracturing has become an accepted horizontal multistage stimulation technique due to its flexibility and high efficiency of extensive fracture *** downhole tool failure of AWJ fracturing becomes an issue in the massive hydraulic fracturing because of high velocity and proppant *** paper proposed a 3D computational fluid dynamics(CFD)-based erosion model by considering high-velocity waterjet impact,proppant shear erosion,and specific inner structure of hydra-jet tool *** discrete phase approach was used to track the proppant transport and its concentration *** observation provides strong evidence of erosion patterns and mechanisms obtained from CFD *** results show that the erosion rate has a space dependence in the inner wall of the tool *** severe erosion areas are primarily located at the entries of the *** erosion patterns are found including a‘Rabbit’s ear’erosion at the upper-layer nozzles and a half bottom loop erosion at the lower-layer *** mechanisms attribute to high flow velocity at the entry of nozzles and the inertia force of *** analysis demonstrates that the pumping rate is a primary factor contributing to erosion intensity.

关键词： Hydraulic fracturing Erosion Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) Waterjet

Pyrite-hydrocarbon Interaction under Hydrothermal Conditions: an Alternative Origin of H_2S and Organic Sulfur Compounds in Sedimentary Environments

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第6期90卷 2133-2148页

作者： DING Kangle MEI Ping LUO Yue Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources of Ministry of Education Yangtze University State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Yangtze University

Sulfate rocks and organic sulfur from sedimentary organic matter are conventionally assumed as the original sulfur sources for hydrogen sulfide （H2S） in oil and gas reservoirs. However, a few recent experiments preliminarily indicate that the association of pyrite and hydrocarbons may also have implications for H2S generation, in which water effects and natural controls on the evolution of pyrite sulfur into OSCs and H2S have not been evaluated. In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted from 200 to 450°C to investigate chemical interactions between pyrite and hydrocarbons under hydrothermal conditions. Based on the experimental results, preliminary mechanism and geochemical implications were tentatively discussed. Results of the experiments showed that decomposition of pyrite produced H2S and thiophenes at as low as 330°C in the presence of water and n-pentane. High concentrations of H2S were generated above 450°C under closed pyrolysis conditions no matter whether there is water in the designed experiments. However, much more organic sulfur compounds （OSCs） were formed in the hydrous pyrolysis than in anhydrous pyrolysis. Generally, most of sulfur liberated from pyrite at elevated temperatures was converted to H2S. Water was beneficial to breakdown of pyrite and to decomposition of alkanes into olefins but not essential to formation of large amounts of H2S, given the main hydrogen source derived from hydrocarbons. In addition, cracking of pyrite in the presence of 1-octene under hydrous conditions was found to proceed at 200°C, producing thiols and alkyl sulfides. Unsaturated hydrocarbons would be more reactive intermediates involved in the breakdown of pyrite than alkanes. The geochemistry of OSCs is actually controlled by various geochemical factors such as thermal maturity and the carbon chain length of the alkanes. This study indicates that the scale of H2S gas generated in deep buried carbonate reservoirs via interactions between pyrite and natural

关键词： laboratory experiments pyrite hydrocarbon H2S OSCs geochemical implications

Multi-Waves,Breathers,Periodic and Cross-Kink Solutions to the(2+1)-Dimensional Variable-Coefficient Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon-Kotera-Sawada Equation

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2021年第1期20卷 35-44页

作者： LIU Dong JU Xiaodong ILHAN Onur Alp MANAFIAN Jalil ISMAEL Hajar Farhan State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China China Petroleum Materials Company Limited Beijing 100029China Department of Mathematics Erciyes UniversityMelikgazi-Kayseri 38039Turkey Department of Applied Mathematics Faculty of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of TabrizTabriz ***Iran Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZakhoZakho 42002Iraq

The present article deals with multi-waves and breathers solution of the(2+1)-dimensional variable-coefficient CaudreyDodd-Gibbon-Kotera-Sawada equation under the Hirota bilinear operator *** obtained solutions for solving the current equation represent some localized waves including soliton,solitary wave solutions,periodic and cross-kink solutions in which have been investigated by the approach of the bilinear ***,by choosing specific parameter constraints in the multi-waves and breathers,all cases the periodic and cross-kink solutions can be captured from the 1-and *** obtained solutions are extended with numerical simulation to analyze graphically,which results in 1-and 2-soliton solutions and also periodic and cross-kink solutions *** will be extensively used to report many attractive physical phenomena in the fields of acoustics,heat transfer,fluid dynamics,classical mechanics,and so *** have shown that the assigned method is further general,efficient,straightforward,and powerful and can be exerted to establish exact solutions of diverse kinds of fractional equations originated in mathematical physics and *** have depicted the figures of the evaluated solutions in order to interpret the physical phenomena.

关键词： variable-coefficient Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon-Kotera-Sawada equation Hirota bilinear operator method soliton multi-waves and breathers periodic and cross-kink solitray wave solutions

Thermal history of the Sichuan Basin,SW China:Evidence from deep boreholes

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第1期59卷 70-82页

作者： ZHU Chuan Qing HU ShengBiao QIU NanSheng RAO Song YUAN YuSong State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China College of Geosciences China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Geosciences Yangtze UniversityJinzhou 434023China Exploration and Productton Research Institute SINOPECBeijing 100083China

The Sichuan Basin is a superimposition basin composed of terrestrial and marine sediments that is well known for its abundant petroleum resources. Thermal history reconstruction using paleogeothermal indicators, including vitrinite reflectahoe and thermochronological data, shows that different structural subsections of the Sichuan Basin have experienced various paleogeothermal episodes since the Paleozoic. The lower structural subsection comprising the Lower Paleozoic to Middle Permian （Pz-P2） successions experienced a high paleogeothermal gradient （23.0-42.6℃/km） at the end of the Middle Permian （P2）, whereas the upper structural subsection comprising Late Permian to Mesozoic strata underwent a relatively lower paleogeothermal gradient （13.2-26.9℃/km） at the beginning of the denudation （Late Cretaceous or Paleocene in the different regions）. During the denudation period, the Sichuan Basin experienced a successive cooling episode. The high paleogeothermal gradient resulted from an intensive thermal event correlated to the Emeishan mantle plume. The heat flow value reached 124.0 mW/m2 in the southwestern basin near the center of the Emeishan large igneous province. The low geothermal gradient episode with heat flow ranging from 31.2 to 70.0 mW/m2 may be related to the foreland basin evolution. The cooling event is a result of the continuous uplift and denudation of the basin.

关键词： Paleotemperature gradient Paleo-heat flow Vitrinite reflectance Emeishan mantle plume Sichuan Basin

Plasma-Induced Degradation of Polypropene Plastics in Natural Volatile Constituents of Ledum palustre Herb

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Plasma Science and Technology 2012年第2期14卷 157-161页

作者：于红于沈晶任春生修志龙 College of Science China University of Petroleum Key Laboratory of New Energy Physics and Materials Science in Universities of Shandong China University of Petroleum School of Life Science and Biotechnology Dalian University of Technology Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Electron Ion and Laser Beams(Dalian Uni versity of Technology)Ministry of Education

Polypropene （PP） plastics can be effectively degraded by natural volatile con- stituents from Ledum palustre catalyzed by atmospheric air dielectric barrier （DBD） plasma. The electron spin resonance （ESR） result indicates that the volatile constituents produce radicals in aerobic condition energized by power sources such as light, UV, plasma and so on. The degradation is a novel chemically oxidative way and it is initiated by a series of radical reactions. Lots of active cud oxidative species, radicals, products cud high euergy electromagnetic field in plasma aggravate the degradation process. The results about PP maximum tensile strength （Crbmax） confirm this conclusion. PP plastic heavily loses its extensibility, mechanical integrity and strength in a short time after suffering a synergetic treatment of the herb extract and air DBD plasma with no toxic residues left. The components of herb extract keep almost unchanged and may be reused. This study offers a new approach to manage and recycle typical plastics.

关键词： Ledum palustre volatile constituents plasma polypropene plastic degradation radical