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Metabolic plasticity of T cell fate decision

Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第7期137卷 762-775页

作者： Xiaoli Pan Jiajia Wang Lianjun Zhang Guideng Li Bo Huang national Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Suzhou Institute of Systems MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhouJiangsu 215123China Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Element Suzhou Institute of Systems MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhouJiangsu 215123China Department of Immunology&national Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhanHubei 430030China

The efficacy of adaptive immune responses in cancer treatment relies heavily on the state of the T *** antigen exposure,T cells undergo metabolic reprogramming,leading to the development of functional effectors or memory ***,within the tumor microenvironment(TME),metabolic stress impairs CD8+T cell anti-tumor immunity,resulting in exhausted *** studies suggested that targeting T cell metabolism could offer promising therapeutic opportunities to enhance T cell *** this review,we provide a comprehensive summary of the intrinsic and extrinsic factors necessary for metabolic reprogramming during the development of effector and memory T cells in response to acute and chronic inflammatory ***,we delved into the different metabolic switches that occur during T cell exhaustion,exploring how prolonged metabolic stress within the TME triggers alterations in cellular metabolism and the epigenetic landscape that contribute to T cell exhaustion,ultimately leading to a persistently exhausted *** the intricate relationship between T cell metabolism and cancer immunotherapy can lead to the development of novel approaches to improve the efficacy of T cell-based treatments against cancer.

关键词： T cell immunotherapy T cell differentiation T cell exhaustion Metabolic reprogramming Tumor microenvironment

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Defect engineered electrocatalysts for C-N coupling reactions toward urea synthesis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 7-14页

作者： Shengkai Li Yuqin Zou Chen Chen Shuangyin Wang Zhao-Qing Liu Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta Ministry of EducationGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringAdvanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of EducationHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Urea is extensively used in agriculture and chemical industry,and it is produced on an industrial scale from CO_(2)and Haber-Bosch NH_(3)under relatively high temperature and high pressure conditions,which demands high energy input and generates masses of carbon *** conversion of CO_(2)and N sources(such as NO_(2)^(−),NO_(3)^(−),and N_(2))through electrocatalytic reactions under ambient conditions is a promising alternative to realize efficient urea *** note,the design of electrocatalyst is one of the key factors that can improve the efficiency and selectivity of C-N coupling *** engineer-ing is an intriguing strategy for regulating the electronic structure and charge density of electrocatalysts,which endows electrocatalysts with excellent physicochemical properties and optimized adsorption en-ergy of the reaction intermediates to reduce the kinetic *** this minireview,recent advances of defect engineered electrocatalysts in urea electrosynthesis from CO_(2)and various N reactants are firstly *** discussions of C-N coupling in these advances are presented,with the aim of directing future investigations on improving the urea ***,the prospects and challenges of de-fect engineered electrocatalysts for urea synthesis are *** overview is expected to provide in-depth understanding of structure-reactivity relationship and shed light on future electrocatalytic C-N coupling reactions.

关键词： Electrocatalysis Defective electrocatalyst Co-reduction C-N coupling Urea synthesis

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Local and Parallel Finite Element Algorithms Based on Two-grid Discretizations for the Unsteady MHD Equations with Low Electromagnetic Reynolds Number

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年

作者： Shi-lin MI Guang-zhi DU Yao RONG Li-yun ZUO School of Mathematics and Statistics Shandong Normal University College of Engineering Physics Shenzhen Technology University School of Mathematical Sciences University of Jinan

This paper mainly presents and studies some local and parallel finite element methods for the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic equations with low electromagnetic Reynolds number. Firstly, both the semi discrete and fully discrete local algorithms are provided and investigated, and the theoretical tool crucial to the analysis of the fully discrete local algorithm is obtained. Subsequently, we generalize the fully discrete local algorithm to the fully discrete parallel algorithm. At the end, some numerical experiments are provided to validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our algorithms.

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Targeting a disintegrin and metalloprotease(ADAM)17-CD122 axis enhances CD8^(+)T cell effector differentiation and anti-tumor immunity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 3097-3111页

作者： Lina Sun Anjun Jiao Haiyan Liu Renyi Ding Ning Yuan Biao Yang Cangang Zhang Xiaoxuan Jia Gang Wang Yanhong Su Dan Zhang Lin Shi Chenming Sun Aijun Zhang Lianjun Zhang Baojun Zhang Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710061China Institute of Infection and Immunity Translational Medicine InstituteXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anShaanxi 710061China Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Ministry of EducationXi’anShaanxi 710061China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases Xi’anShannxi 710061China Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy Cancer InstituteXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina Department of Pediatrics Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina national Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Suzhou Institute of Systems MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhou 215123 JiangsuChina Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements Suzhou Institute of Systems MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhou 215123 JiangsuChina

CD8^(+)T cell immune responses are regulated by multi-layer networks,while the post-translational regulation remains largely *** ectodomain shedding is an important post-translational process orchestrating receptor expression and signal transduction through proteolytic cleavage of membrane ***,by targeting the sheddase A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease(ADAM)17,we defined a post-translational regulatory mechanism mediated by the ectodomain shedding in CD8^(+)T *** and proteomic analysis revealed the involvement of post-translational regulation in CD8^(+)T cells.T cellspecific deletion of ADAM17 led to a dramatic increase in effector CD8^(+)T cell differentiation and enhanced cytolytic effects to eliminate pathogens and ***,ADAM17 regulated CD8^(+)T cells through cleavage of membrane ***17 inhibition led to elevated CD122 expression and enhanced response to IL-2 and IL-15 stimulation in both mouse and human CD8^(+)T ***,inhibition of ADAM17 in CD8^(+)T cells improved the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cells in solid *** findings reveal a critical post-translational regulation in CD8^(+)T cells,providing a potential therapeutic strategy of targeting ADAM17 for effective anti-tumor immunity.

关键词： immunity stimulation involvement

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Utilizing semantic-level computer vision for fracture trace characterization of hard rock pillars in underground space

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 366-391页

作者： Chuanqi Li Jian Zhou Daniel Dias Laboratory 3SR CNRS UMR 5521Grenoble Alpes UniversityGrenoble 38000France School of Resources and Safety Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

This study utilizes a semantic-level computer vision-based detection to characterize fracture traces of hard rock pillars in underground *** trace images captured by photogrammetry are used to establish the database for training two convolutional neural network(CNN)-based models,i.e.,U-Net(University of Freiburg,Germany)and DeepLabV3+(Google,USA)*** code technology,polyline approximation algorithm,and the circular window scanning approach are combined to quantify the main characteristics of fracture traces on flat and uneven surfaces,including trace length,dip angle,density,and *** extraction results indicate that the CNN-based models have better performances than the edge detection methods-based Canny and Sobel operators for extracting the trace and reducing noise,especially the DeepLabV3+***,the quantization results further prove the reliability of extracting the fracture *** a result,a case study with two types of traces(i.e.,on flat and uneven surfaces)demonstrates that the applied semantic-level computer vision detection is an accurate and efficient approach for characterizing the fracture trace of hard rock pillars.

关键词： Fracture trace Hard rock pillar Semantic-level computer vision Convolutional neural network(CNN) Underground space

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Demonstration of controlled high-dimensional quantum teleportation

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 1-6页

作者： Min-Yu Lv Xiao-Min Hu Neng-Fei Gong Tie-Jun Wang Yu Guo Bi-Heng Liu Yun-Feng Huang Chuan-Feng Li Guang-Can Guo CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Centerfor Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Hefei national Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications School of ScienceBeijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

Controlled quantum teleportation(CQT), which is regarded as the prelude and backbone for a genuine quantum internet, reveals the cooperation, supervision, and control relationship among the sender, receiver, and controller in the quantum network within the simplest unit. Compared with low-dimensional counterparts, high-dimensional CQT can exhibit larger information transmission capacity and higher superiority of the controller's authority. In this article, we report a proof-of-principle experimental realization of three-dimensional(3D) CQT with a fidelity of 97.4% ± 0.2%. To reduce the complexity of the circuit, we simulate a standard 4-qutrit CQT protocol in a 9×9-dimensional two-photon system with high-quality operations. The corresponding control powers are 48.1% ± 0.2% for teleporting a qutrit and 52.8% ± 0.3% for teleporting a qubit in the experiment, which are both higher than the theoretical value of control power in 2-dimensional CQT protocol(33%). The results fully demonstrate the advantages of high-dimensional multi-partite entangled networks and provide new avenues for constructing complex quantum networks.

关键词： high dimension quantum information quantum teleportation quantum nonlocality

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A systematic review of rigid-flexible composite pavement

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第2期4卷 203-223页

作者： Zhaohui Liu Shiqing Yu You Huang Li Liu Yu Pan School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China

Rigid-flexible composite pavement has gained significant popularity in recent *** paper provides a comprehensive review of the research progress concerning rigid-flexible composite pavement,aiming to promote its application and address key issues while identifying future *** design theory and methodology of rigid-flexible composite pavement are discussed,followed by a description of its structural and mechanical behavior *** load stress,temperature stress,and their interactive effects between the asphalt layer and the rigid base were *** is clarified that the asphalt layer serves a dual role as both a“functional layer”and a“structural layer”.Typical distresses of rigid-flexible composite pavement,which primarily occur in the asphalt layer,were *** distresses include reflective cracking,top-down cracking,rutting,and compressive-shear ***,the integrity of the rigid base and the interlaminar bonding conditions significantly impact the performance and distress of the asphalt *** technology for enhancing the performance of rigid-flexible composite pavement is summarized in three aspects:asphalt layer properties,rigid base integrity,and interlaminar bonding *** study concludes that developing high-performance pavement materials based on their structural behaviors is an effective approach to improve the performance and durability of rigid-flexible composite *** integrated design of structure and materials represents the future direction of road design.

关键词： Rigid-flexible composite pavement Structural mechanical properties Compression-shear failure Integrated design of structure and material

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黄河流域生态保护迈向高质量发展的特征——植被绿度、生产力和降水利用效率的差异性变化

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Engineering 2024年第3期34卷 109-119页

作者： Yang Yu Ting Hua Liding Chen Zhiqiang Zhang Paulo Pereira Jixian national Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station National Ecosystem Research Network of China(CNERN)School of Soil and Water ConservationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Environmental Management Laboratory Mykolas Romeris UniversityVilnius 08303Lithuania

Globally,vegetation has been changing *** vegetation-water dynamic is key to understanding ecosystem structure and functioning in water-limited *** satellite monitoring has detected global vegetation ***,a vegetation greenness increase does not mean that ecosystem functions *** intricate interplays resulting from the relationships between vegetation and precipitation must be more adequately *** this study,satellite data,for example,leaf area index(LAI),net primary production(NPP),and rainfall use efficiency(RUE),were used to quantify vegetation dynamics and their relationship with rainfall in different reaches of the Yellow River Basin(YRB).A sequential regression method was used to detect trends of NPP sensitivity to *** results showed that 34.53%of the YRB exhibited a significant greening trend since *** them,20.54%,53.37%,and 16.73%of upper,middle,and lower reach areas showed a significant positive trend,*** showed a similar trend to LAI in the YRB upper,middle,and lower reaches.A notable difference was noted in the distributions and trends of RUE across the upper,middle,and lower ***,there were significant trends in vegetation-rainfall sensitivity in 16.86%of the YRB’s middle reaches—14.08%showed negative trends and 2.78%positive trends.A total of 8.41%of the YRB exhibited a marked increase in LAI,NPP,and ***,strategic locations reliant on the correlation between vegetation and rainfall were identified and designated for restoration planning purposes to propose future ecological restoration *** analysis indicates that the middle reach of the YRB exhibited the most significant variation in vegetation greenness and *** present study underscores the significance of examining the correlation between vegetation and rainfall within the context of the high-quality development strategy of the *** outcomes of our analysis and the

关键词： Vegetation greenness Vegetation productivity Rainfall use efficiency Sensitivity Yellow River Basin

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用于膜分离的MXenes:从制备策略到先进应用

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Science Bulletin 2024年第1期69卷 125-140页

作者：黄正义赵蝶玲申利国林红军陈成徐艳超李必胜滕佳恒韩磊钟台生 College of Geography and Environmental Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117585Singapore

Transition metal carbides/nitrides/carbonitrides,commonly referred to as MXenes,have gained widespread attention since their discovery in 2011 as a promising family of two-dimensional(2D)*** impressive chemical,electrical,thermal,mechanical,and biological properties have fueled a surge in research focused on the synthesis and application of MXenes in various fields,including membranebased *** engineering the materials and membrane structures,MXene-based membranes have demonstrated remarkable separation performance and added functionalities,such as antifouling and photocatalytic *** this review,we aim to have a timely and critical review of research on their fabrication strategy and performance in advanced molecular separation and ion exchange,beginning with a brief introduction of the preparation and physicochemical properties of ***,outlooks and future works are outlined with the aims to provide valuable insights and guidance for advancing membranes'applications in different separation domains.

关键词： MXenes 2D materials Membrane separation Modification

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Enhancing microseismic/acoustic emission source localization accuracy with an outlier-robust kernel density estimation approach

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第07期 943-956页

作者： Jie Chen Huiqiong Huang Yichao Rui Yuanyuan Pu Sheng Zhang Zheng Li Wenzhong Wang State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing University School of Resources and Safety Engineering Chongqing University School of Resources and Safety Engineering Central South University Chongqing City Construction Investment Group Co. Ltd. Coal Geological Exploration Institute of Gansu

Monitoring sensors in complex engineering environments often record abnormal data, leading to significant positioning errors. To reduce the influence of abnormal arrival times, we introduce an innovative,outlier-robust localization method that integrates kernel density estimation (KDE) with damping linear correction to enhance the precision of microseismic/acoustic emission (MS/AE) source positioning. Our approach systematically addresses abnormal arrival times through a three-step process:initial location by 4-arrival combinations, elimination of outliers based on three-dimensional KDE, and refinement using a linear correction with an adaptive damping factor. We validate our method through lead-breaking experiments, demonstrating over a 23%improvement in positioning accuracy with a maximum error of 9.12 mm (relative error of 15.80%)—outperforming 4 existing methods. Simulations under various system errors, outlier scales, and ratios substantiate our method’s superior performance. Field blasting experiments also confirm the practical applicability, with an average positioning error of 11.71 m (relative error of 7.59%), compared to 23.56, 66.09, 16.95, and 28.52 m for other methods. This research is significant as it enhances the robustness of MS/AE source localization when confronted with data *** also provides a practical solution for real-world engineering and safety monitoring applications.

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