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Radiation belt electron wisp inside South Atlantic Ano.aly due to terrestrial VLF transmitter observed by MSS-1

science china Earth sciences 2025年第2期68卷 538-548页

作者： Yixin SUN Ying LIU Qiugang ZONG Yixin HAO Hong ZOU Yuguang YE Institute of Space Physics and Applied Techno.ogy Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary science Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Goettingen 37077Germany

The South Atlantic Ano.aly represents a region within near-Earth space characterized by a significantly weaker geomagnetic field and a higher flux of energetic particles compared to other areas. It is a space weather hazards to Low-EarthOrbit satellites. There has been evidence that the Very Low Frequency(VLF) waves from the powerful ground VLF radio transmitter in Australia, kno.n as NWC, have the capacity to scatter energetic electrons' pitch angle in the inner radiation *** scattering directs electrons into the drift loss cone, forms a “wisp”, characterized by its peak intensity outside the South Atlantic Ano.aly(SAA), and a “rift” exhibiting minimal intensity within SAA. Our findings mark the initial observation of a“wisp” precipitation, an unusual occurrence with peak intensity detected inside the SAA, observed via the Macao science Satellite-1. Enabled by the Medium-energy Electron Spectrometer onboard Macao science Satellite-1, we were able to comprehensively measure the full pitch angle distribution at Low-Earth-Orbit. This allowed us to attribute the “wisp” within the ano.aly to a specific pitch angle range just outside the drift loss cone, a measurement unattainable by previous satellites. This“wisp” occurrence aligns with previous model predictions, despite being overlooked. Moreover, we distinguished between the trapped and precipitating electron populations. Directly derived from the ratio of these populations, our analysis revealed that approximately 2%-5% of trapped electrons will be lost in this specific wisp due to the influence of the ground VLF *** results no. only complement existing evidence of energetic electron pitch angle scattering facilitated by the ground VLF transmitter but also offer a quantitative estimation of its impact.

关键词： South Atlantic Ano.aly Radiation belts Electrons precipitation VLF transmitter Wave-particle interaction

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Optimizing battery deployment: Aging trajectory prediction enabling homogeno.s performance grouping

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 565-577页

作者： Shuquan Wang Feng Gao Zhan Ma Hao Tian Yusen Zhang School of Control science and Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061ShandongChina Key Lab of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong UniversityJinan 250061ShandongChina

As battery deployments in electric vehicles and energy storage systems grow, ensuring homogeneous performance across units is crucial. We propose a multi-derivative imaging fusion(MDIF) model, employing advanced imaging and machine learning to predict battery aging trajectories from minimal initial data, thus facilitating effective performance grouping before deployment. Utilizing a derivative strategy and Gramian Angular Difference Field for dimensional enhancement, the MDIF model uncovers subtle predictive features from discharge curve data after only ten cycles. The architecture includes a parallel convolutional neural network with lateral connections to enhance feature integration and *** on a self-developed dataset, the model achieves an average root-mean-square error of 0.047 Ah and an average mean absolute percentage error of 1.60%, demonstrating high precision and *** robustness is further validated through transfer learning on two publicly available datasets, adapting with minimal retraining. This approach significantly reduces the testing cycles required, lowering both time and costs associated with battery testing. By enabling precise battery behavior predictions with limited data, the MDIF model optimizes battery utilization and deployment strategies, enhancing system efficiency and sustainability.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Battery progno.tics Fusion model Convolutional neural network Transfer learning

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Phase-matching enhanced quantum phase and amplitude estimation of a two-level system in a squeezed reservoir

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第1期34卷 257-263页

作者： Yan-Ling Li Cai-Hong Liao Xing Xiao School of Information Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China College of Physics and Electronic Information Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhou 341000China

Squeezed reservoir engineering is a powerful technique in quantum information that combines the features of squeezing and reservoir engineering to create and stabilize no.-classical quantum states. In this paper, we focus on the previously neglected aspect of the impact of the squeezing phase on the precision of quantum phase and amplitude estimation based on a simple model of a two-level system(TLS) interacting with a squeezed reservoir. We derive the optimal squeezed phase-matching conditions for phase φ and amplitude θ parameters, which are crucial for enhancing the precision of quantum parameter estimation. The robustness of the squeezing-enhanced quantum Fisher information against departures from these conditions is examined, demonstrating that mino. deviations from phase-matching can still result in remarkable precision of estimation. Additionally, we provide a geometric interpretation of the squeezed phase-matching conditions from the classical motion of a TLS on the Bloch sphere. Our research contributes to a deeper understanding of the operational requirements for employing squeezed reservoir engineering to advance quantum parameter estimation.

关键词： quantum parameter estimation squeezed reservoir phase-matching conditions quantum Fisher information

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Impact of temperature and salinity on fines detachment: AFM measurements and XDLVO theory

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Petroleum science 2025年第1期22卷 338-347页

作者： Wei-Feng Yuan Yu-Long Yang Lu Yuan Ji-Rui Hou State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute China University of Petroleum

Fine particle detachment and subsequent migration can lead to severe pore plugging and consequent permeability decline. Therefore, it is crucial to quantify the critical condition when fine particle detachment occurs. The frequently observed deviations or even contradictions between experimental results and theoretical predictions of fines detachment arise from an insufficient understanding of adhesion force that can be highly influenced by salinity and temperature. To clarify the intrinsic influence of salinity and temperature on fines detachment, adhesion forces between carboxyl microspheres and hydrophilic silica substrates in an aqueous medium were measured at various salinities and temperatures using atomic force microscopy(AFM). The AFM-measured adhesion force decreases with increasing salinity or temperature. Trends of mean measured adhesion forces with temperature and salinity were compared with the DLVO and XDLVO theories. DLVO theory captured the trend with temperature via the impact of temperature on electric double layer interactions, whereas XDLVO theory captured the observed trend with salinity via the impact of salinity on the repulsive hydration force. Our results highlight the significance of hydration force in accurately predicting the fate of fines in porous media.

关键词： Adhesion force AFM Temperature Salinity XDLVO Hydration force

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High-resolution full waveform seismic imaging: Progresses, challenges, and prospects

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science china Earth sciences 2025年第2期68卷 315-342页

作者： Dinghui YANG Xingpeng DONG Jiandong HUANG Zhilong FANG Xueyuan HUANG Shaolin LIU Mengxue LIU Weijuan MENG Department of Mathematical sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Geology China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100029China School of Resources and Environment University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China School of Mathematics and Statistics Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China national Institute of natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China

Full waveform inversion(FWI) is a seismic imaging method with a unified mathematical framework based on wave equation constraints. The FWI method can be used to generate a variety of high-resolution seismic parameter models(e.g.,velocity, anisotropy, viscoelasticity, and attenuation), which can facilitate an in-depth understanding of important scientific problems such as the Earth's interior structure and material composition, earthquake preparation and occurrence, and plate motion and dynamic processes. With the development and cross-integration of disciplines such as geophysics, applied mathematics, and computer science, FWI imaging theories and methods no. only play a crucial role in revealing the Earth's interior structure, dynamic evolution, and earthquake mechanisms but also show a wide range of application potential in fields such as resource exploration, medical imaging, engineering inspection, carbon dioxide geological sequestration, and earthquake disaster prediction. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review and analysis of the development of the FWI method,addressing its current challenges, identifying key issues, future directions, and potential research areas in the theory, methodology, and application of high-resolution FWI imaging. We also offer new insights and perspectives to promote advancements of high-resolution FWI research and applications in Earth sciences and other related fields.

关键词： Full waveform inversion High-resolution imaging Interior structure of the Earth Earthquake preparation me-chanism Multidisciplinary integration

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An ionic liquid functionalized sericin hydrogel for drug-resistant bacteria-infected diabetic wound healing

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 307-313页

作者： Jiajia Wang XinXin Ge Yajing Xiang Xiaoliang Qi Ying Li Hangbin Xu Erya Cai Chaofan Zhang Yulong Lan Xiaojing Chen Yizuo Shi Zhangping Li Jianliang Shen national Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical University School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science&Technology School&Hospital of Stomatology Wenzhou Medical University Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials Wenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Quzhou People's Hospital

Diabetic wound healing is often complicated due to bacterial infections that intensify inflammation. Employing hydrogel dressings with inherent antibacterial properties can significantly reduce reliance on antibiotics for treating infected wounds in diabetics. Traditional hydrogels typically rely on the infiltration of bacteria into their porous structure to manifest antibacterial effects. However, this infiltration process is no. only prolonged but can also exacerbate inflammation, further delaying the healing of the ***, promptly capturing and eliminating bacteria is crucial for enhancing the antibacterial efficiency of the hydrogel. In this context, we present a multifunctional hydrogel dressing, termed SIP, designed to tackle drug-resistant bacterial infections in diabetic wounds. This dressing integrates ionic liquid functional groups into a sericin-based matrix: phenylboronic acid for the immobilization of bacteria and imidazole for their subsequent annihilation. Expectedly, the SIP system demonstrates potent antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, verified through in vitro and in vivo experiments. As a result, SIP emerges as a promising candidate in the realm of hydrogel dressings with innate antibacterial properties, showcasing considerable potential for addressing diabetic wounds plagued by drug-resistant bacterial infections.

关键词： Diabetic wound healing Hydrogels Ionic liquids Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection Sericin

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Galileo multi-day precise orbit determination using L-band and SLR data

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2025年第1期16卷 99-110页

作者： Tianhe Xu Honglei Yang Song Li Zhenlong Fang Wenfeng Nie Min Li Baoguo Yu Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Astrono.y and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space Sciences Shandong University Navigation Laboratory of the 54th Research Institute of china Electronics Techno.ogy Group Corporation

The continuously available satellites of European Galileo currently reach more than 25. To explore the rationality and reliability of the L-band and satellite laser ranging(SLR) data processing strategies, we design the Galileo L-band, the SLR-only, and the combined L-band/SLR dynamic precise orbit determination(POD) strategies by using the no.mal equations(NEQs) stacking, and investigate their continuity and stability by employing the Galileo L-band data and SLR observations for the time span of the whole year of 2023, based on the Bei Dou/GNSS analysis center platform of Shandong University by using the modified Bernese GNSS Software Version 5.4. The orbital consistency of the L-band 1-day solution is the best with the Three-dimensional Root-Mean-Square(3D-RMS) values of 3.6 cm compared with the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe Multi-GNSS Experiment(COM) orbits, the corresponding values is 1.4 cm, 2.5 cm, and 2.3 cm in Radial, the Tangential, and the no.mal(RTN) direction, respectively. While the SLR-only 9-day arc length is optimal with the RTN values of 5.3 cm, 30 cm, and 38.2 cm,as well as the 3D-RMS values of 48.9 cm. Encouragingly, the difference of the orbital accuracy between the combined L-band/SLR multi-day solution and the COM orbits is reduced by 0.5 cm and 0.9 cm, 0.6 cm and 1.2 cm in T-, and N-direction for the 3-and 5-day solution respectively. The corresponding values improve 0.7 cm and 0.9 cm, 1.4 cm and 1.8 cm for the 3-and 5-day orbital overlaps difference between the combined L-band/SLR and the L-band solution. Take the E09 satellite as a case study, the SLR-only orbital accuracy is regularly optimized as the multi-day arc lengthens and with the sites ***, the SLR residuals of its three types of orbits further demonstrate the positive contribution of SLR to the combination of the GNSS and SLR techniques.

关键词： Galileo POD SLR L-band NEQs stacking

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Dynamic modeling of a three-dimensional braided composite thin plate considering braiding directions

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 123-138页

作者： Chentong GAO Huiyu SUN Jianping GU W.M.HUANG College of Aerospace Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Techno.ogy School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Institute of Technology

Currently, there are a limited number of dynamic models available for braided composite plates with large overall motions, despite the incorporation of three-dimensional(3D) braided composites into rotating blade components. In this paper, a dynamic model of 3D 4-directional braided composite thin plates considering braiding directions is established. Based on Kirchhoff's plate assumptions, the displacement variables of the plate are expressed. By incorporating the braiding directions into the constitutive equation of the braided composites, the dynamic model of the plate considering braiding directions is obtained. The effects of the speeds, braiding directions, and braided angles on the responses of the plate with fixed-axis rotation and translational motion, respectively, are investigated. This paper presents a dynamic theory for calculating the deformation of 3D braided composite structures undergoing both translational and rotational motions. It also provides a simulation method for investigating the dynamic behavior of no.-isotropic material plates in various applications.

关键词： braiding direction composite thin plate dynamic model large overall motion O313.7 three-dimensional (3D) braided composite

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High-dense nano.rystalline W-based alloy prepared by hot isostatic pressing with uniform microstructure, ultrahigh hardness and good thermal stability

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 120-136页

作者： Zao-Ming Wu Lin He Lin-Sen Ye Xiao-Feng Yang Jia-Jia Zhang Hong-Bo Lei Institute of Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics

High-density uniform microstructure nano.rystalline W-10wt.% Cr-5wt.% Y（W-10Cr-5Y） alloy with an average grain size of 85 nm and a relative density of 99.8% was successfully prepared.W-Cr-Y alloys with different amounts of second-phase particles were prepared by high-energy ball milling and hot isostatic pressing *** effects of composition design,ball milling parameters,and sintering parameters on the microstructure of W-Cr-Y alloys were studied.A feasible techno.ogy for controlling the synthesis of high-density nano.rystalline W-based alloys has been *** microstructure analysis of nano.rystalline W-10Cr-5Y alloy shows that there are two types of doping in the second phase:intergranular doping and intragranular *** "uniform distribution YOx-rich particles" effectively suppresses the grain growth of W and leads to the formation of nano.rystalline W-10Cr-5Y alloy.W-10Cr-5Y has an ultra-high hardness,with a Vickers hardness of 1312±12 kgf·***-temperature annealing treatment shows that W-10Cr-5Y has good thermal stability at 1000 and1100℃,as demonstrated by the comparison of Vickers hardness and grain size between annealed and unannealed alloys.

关键词： Hot isostatic pressing Microstructure Nano.rystalline tungsten Thermal stability Vickers hardness

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Topological states constructed by two different trivial quantum wires

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第1期34卷 246-255页

作者： Jing-Run Lin Linxi Lv Zheng-Wei Zuo School of Physics and Engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China

The topological states of the two-leg and three-leg ladders formed by two trivial quantum wires with different lattice constants are theoretically investigated. Firstly, we take two trivial quantum wires with a lattice constant ratio of 1:2 as an example. For the symmetric nearest-neighbor intra-chain hopping two-leg ladder, the inversion symmetry protected topological insulator phase with two degenerate topological edge states appears. When the inversion symmetry is broken, the topological insulators with one or two topological edge states of different energies and topological metals with edge states embedded in the bulk states could emerge depending on the filling factor. The topological origin of these topological states in the two-leg ladders is the topological properties of the Chern insulators and Chern metals. According to the arrangement of two trivial quantum wires, we construct two types of three-leg ladders. Each type of the three-leg ladder could be divided into one trivial subspace and one topological no.trivial subspace by unitary transformation. The topological no.trivial subspace corresponds to the effective two-leg ladder model. As the filling factor changes, the system could be in topological insulators or topological metals phases. When the two-leg ladder is constructed by two trivial quantum wires with a lattice constant ratio of 1:3 and 2:3, the system could also realize rich topological states such as the topological insulators and topological metals with the topological edge states. These rich topological states in the two-leg and three-leg ladders could be confirmed by current experimental techniques.

关键词： trivial quantum wire topological invariant inversion symmetric topological insulator Chern metal

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