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Exploration of the mechanism of cavitation vortex rope and vortex development in the draft tube of tubular turbine units

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 163-171,F0002页

作者： Chuang Cheng Zhenggui Li Changrong Shen Shenglong Gu Chuchu Zeng Chuanzheng Bai Meng Liu Junfeng Hu Qinghai University of Science and technology Xining 810000China Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery Ministry of Education(Xihua University)Chengdu 610039China South-to-North Water Diversion East Jiangsu Water Source Co. Ltd.Nanjing 210029China School of civil engineering and water resources Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China Dongyuan Branch of Shenzhen Water Planning and Design Institute Co. Ltd.Changsha 410000China

Draft tube vortex rope is considered a special cavitation flow phenomenon in tubular turbine *** vortex rope is one of the most detrimental factors affecting the safety of hydraulic *** this study,ANSYS CFX software was utilized to numerically simulate the internal cavitation flow of a hydraulic turbine draft *** evolution of the cavitation vortex core was characterized by vortex line distribution and vorticity transport *** shape and number of blades influenced the revolving direction and distribution characteristics of the vortex close to the runner cone,which formed a counterclockwise-clockwise-counterclockwise distribution ***,there were many secondary flows in the draft *** cancellation and dissipation between the flows was one of the reasons for reduction in *** the cross-sectional shape of the draft tube was changed,the vorticity was distributed from the center of the vortex rope to all parts of the cross-sectional draft tube,with extreme values at the center and at the *** vortex stretching and dilatation terms played a major role in the change in vorticity,with the baroclinic torque having an effect at the center of the vortex rope,this study is helpful to understand the flow of water in the draft tube and guide the design and optimization of the draft tube in engineering application.

关键词： cavitation vortex rope vorticity transport equation vortex line draft tube

Safety, immunogenicity and protective effectiveness of heterologous boost with a recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (Sf9 cells) in adult recipients of inactivated vaccines

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 1165-1173页

作者： Wenxin Luo Jiadi Gan Zhu Luo Shuangqing Li Zhoufeng Wang Jiaxuan Wu Huohuo Zhang Jinghong Xian Ruixin Cheng Xiumei Tang Yi Liu Ling Yang Qianqian Mou Xue Zhang Yi Chen Weiwen Wang Yantong Wang Lin Bai Xuan Wei Rui Zhang Lan Yang Yaxin Chen Li Yang Yalun Li Dan Liu Weimin Li Lei Chen Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Institute of Respiratory Health Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Precision Medicine Center Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity West China HospitalChengduChina Institute of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Clinical Trial Center West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina General Practice Medical Center West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Fangcao Community Health Service Center of Chengdu high-tech Zone ChengduChina The Research Units of West china Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesWest China HospitalChengduChina West china School of Nursing Sichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Infection Control West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Pathology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Neurology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina

Vaccines have proven effective in protecting populations against COVID-19,including the recombinant COVID-19 vaccine(Sf9 cells),the first approved recombinant protein vaccine in *** this positive-controlled trial with 85 adult participants(Sf9 cells group:n=44;CoronaVac group:n=41),we evaluated the safety,immunogenicity,and protective effectiveness of a heterologous boost with the Sf9 cells vaccine in adults who had been vaccinated with the inactivated vaccine,and found a post-booster adverse events rate of 20.45%in the Sf9 cells group and 31.71%in the CoronaVac group(p=0.279),within 28 days after booster *** group reported any severe adverse *** the Sf9 cells vaccine booster,the geometric mean titer(GMT)of binding antibodies to the receptor-binding domain of prototype SARS-CoV-2 on day 28 post-booster was significantly higher than that induced by the CoronaVac vaccine booster(100,683.37 vs.9,451.69,phigh in the Sf9 cells group compared to the CoronaVac group(68.18%vs.36.59%,p=0.004).Our study findings support the high protective effectiveness of heterologous boosting with the recombinant COVID-19 vaccine(Sf9 cells)against symptomatic COVID-19 of dive

关键词： protective vaccine boost

Unveiling strain-enhanced moiréexciton localization in twisted van der Waals homostructures

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3245-3252页

作者： Henry Rui He Haihong Zheng Biao Wu Shaofei Li Junnan Ding Zongwen Liu Jian-Tao Wang Anlian Pan Yanping Liu Institute of Quantum Physics School of PhysicsCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of SydneyNSW 2006Australia Beijing national Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China State Key Laboratory of high-Performance Complex Manufacturing Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Shenzhen Research Institute of Central South University Shenzhen 51800China

Moirésuperlattices,arising from the controlled twisting of van der Waals homostructures at specific angles,have emerged as a promising platform for quantum emission ***,the manipulation of strain provides a versatile strategy to finely adjust electronic band structures,enhance exciton luminescence efficiency,and establish a robust foundation for two-dimensional quantum light ***,the intricate interplay between strain and moirépotential remains partially ***,we introduce a meticulously designed fusion of strain engineering and the twisted 2L-WSe_(2)/2L-WSe_(2) homobilayers,resulting in the precise localization of moiré*** low-temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy,we unveil the emergence of highly localized moiré-enhanced emission,characterized by the presence of multiple distinct emission ***,our investigation demonstrates the effective regulation of moirépotential depths through strain engineering,with the potential depths of strained and unstrained regions differing by 91%.By combining both experimental and theoretical approaches,our study elucidates the complex relationship between strain and moirépotential,thereby opening avenues for generating strain-induced moiréexciton single-photon sources.

关键词： moirésuperlattices strain engineering moiréexcitons moirépotential

基于含氧氢化钆薄膜的宽波段调制光致变色智能窗

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无机材料学报 2024年第4期39卷 441-448页

作者：李众少李明曹逊中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所上海200050 中国科学院大学材料科学与光电工程中心北京100049

光致变色窗户因结构简单、被动调光和零能耗输入而被认为是一种高效的节能智能窗,然而有关光致变色智能窗的研究很少涉及中红外(MIR)波段,这限制了节能效率。本研究通过在ITO衬底上生长稀土含氧氢化物(ReO_(x)H_(y))薄膜,实现了宽波段... 详细信息

光致变色窗户因结构简单、被动调光和零能耗输入而被认为是一种高效的节能智能窗,然而有关光致变色智能窗的研究很少涉及中红外(MIR)波段,这限制了节能效率。本研究通过在ITO衬底上生长稀土含氧氢化物(ReO_(x)H_(y))薄膜,实现了宽波段调制的能力。所开发的光致变色智能窗口能够通过感应光强度自动调节发射率,同时保持可见光和近红外(NIR)调制(ΔT_(sol)=35.1%,ΔT_(l um)=37%,Δ(ε8-13μm=0.12))。研究还通过优化制备气氛,实现了GdO_(x)H_(y)的一步制备并提高了稳定性,通过综合表征分析了光致变色机理。总之,这种跨越可见光-近红外-中红外的被动协同调制方法有望推动光致变色智能窗的发展。

关键词：光致变色稀土含氧氢化物智能窗动态辐射制冷

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Recent advances in Pt catalysts and membrane electrode assemblies fabrication for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4198-4221页

作者： Miao Ma Li-Xiao Shen Jing Liu Bin Xu Yun-Long Zhang Lei Zhao Zhen-Bo Wang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Instituteof Technology College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering YanshanUniversity Unipower Hydrogen technology (Jiangsu) Corporation

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs) have been identified as a highly promising means of achieving sustainable energy conversion. A crucial factor in enhancing the performance of PEMFCs for further potential energy applications is the advancement in the field of catalyst engineering that has led to remarkable performance enhancement in facilitating the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR). Subsequently, it is important to acknowledge that the techniques used in preparation of membrane electrode assemblies(MEAs), the vital constituents of PEMFCs, also possess direct and critical influence on exhibiting the full catalytic activity of meticulously crafted catalysts. Here, a succinct summary of the most recent advancements in Pt catalysts for ORR was offered and their underly catalytic mechanism were discussed. Then, both laboratory-scale and industrial-scale MEA fabrication techniques of Pt catalysts were summarized. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the connections between materials, process, and performance in MEA fabrication was presented in order to facilitate the development of optimal catalyst layers.

关键词： MEA fabrication techniques Membrane electrode assemblies Oxygen reduction reaction Pt catalysts

Two gene clusters and their positive regulator SlMYB13 that have undergone domestication-associated negative selection control phenolamide accumulation and drought tolerance in tomato

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 579-597页

作者： Peng Cao Jun Yang Linghao Xia Zhonghui Zhang Zeyong Wu Yingchen Hao Penghui Liu Chao Wang Chun Li Jie Yang Jun Lai Xianggui Li Meng Deng Shouchuang Wang School of Breeding and Multiplication(Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication) Hainan UniversitySanya 572025China College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan UniversityHaikou 572208China Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and high-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture Hainan UniversityHaikou 572208China

Among plant metabolites,phenolamides,which are conjugates of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and polyamines,play important roles in plant adaptation to abiotic and biotic ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying phenolamide metabolism and regulation as well as the effects of domestication and breeding on phenolamide diversity in tomato remain largely *** this study,we performed a metabolite-based genome-wide association study and identified two biosynthetic gene clusters(BGC7 and BGC11)containing 12 genes involved in phenolamide metabolism,including four biosynthesis genes(two 4CL genes,one C3H gene,and one CPA gene),seven decoration genes(five AT genes and two UGT genes),and one transport protein gene(DTX29).Using gene co-expression network analysis we further discovered that SlMYB13 positively regulates the expression of two gene clusters,thereby promoting phenolamide *** and physiological analyses showed that BGC7,BGC11 and SlMYB13 enhance drought tolerance by enhancing scavenging of reactive oxygen species and increasing abscisic acid content in *** variation analysis suggested that BGC7,BGC11 and SlMYB13 were negatively selected during tomato domestication and improvement,leading to reduced phenolamide content and drought tolerance of cultivated ***,our study discovers a key mechanism of phenolamide biosynthesis and regulation in tomato and reveals that crop domestication and improvement shapes metabolic diversity to affect plant environmental adaptation.

关键词： tomato phenolamides gene cluster drought tolerance natural variation evolution

Linear Quadratic Optimal Control for Systems Governed by First-Order Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第1期37卷 230-252页

作者： XUE Xiaomin XU Juanjuan ZHANG Huanshui School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266000China

This paper focuses on linear-quadratic(LQ)optimal control for a class of systems governed by first-order hyperbolic partial differential equations(PDEs).Different from most of the previous works,an approach of discretization-then-continuousization is proposed in this paper to cope with the infinite-dimensional nature of PDE *** contributions of this paper consist of the following aspects:(1)The differential Riccati equations and the solvability condition of the LQ optimal control problems are obtained via the discretization-then-continuousization method.(2)A numerical calculation way of the differential Riccati equations and a practical design way of the optimal controller are ***,the relationship between the optimal costate and the optimal state is established by solving a set of forward and backward partial difference equations(FBPDEs).(3)The correctness of the method used in this paper is verified by a complementary continuous method and the comparative analysis with the existing operator results is *** is shown that the proposed results not only contain the classic results of the standard LQ control problem of systems governed by ordinary differential equations as a special case,but also support the existing operator results and give a more convenient form of computation.

关键词： Discretization-then-continuousization method first-order hyperbolic partial differential equations forward and backward partial difference equations linear quadratic optimal control.

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The UDP-glycosyltransferase OsUGT706D2 positively regulates cold and submergence stress tolerance in rice

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 732-742页

作者： Qing Liu Lanlan Zhang Shuwei Lyu Hang Yu Wenjie Huang Liqun Jiang Jing Zhang Bingrui Sun Xingxue Mao Pingli Chen Junlian Xing Wenfeng Chen Zhilan Fan Shijuan Yan Chen Li Guangdong Key Laboratory of New technology in Rice Breeding/Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of high Quality Rice in Southern china(Co-construction by Ministry and Province) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsRice Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640GuangdongChina Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization Agro-biological Gene Research CenterGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640GuangdongChina

In a genome-wide association study,we identified a rice UDP-glycosyltransferase gene,OsUGT706D2,whose transcription was activated in response to cold and submergence stress and to exogenous abscisic acid(ABA).OsUGT706D2 positively regulated the biosynthesis of tricin-4’-O-(syringyl alcohol)ether-7-O-glucoside at both the transcriptional and metabolic ***706D2 mediated cold and submergence tolerance by modulating the expression of stress-responsive genes as well as the abscisic acid(ABA)signaling *** of function of OsUGT706D2 increased cold and submergence tolerance and loss of function of OsUGT706D2 reduced cold *** positively regulated OsUGT706D2-mediated cold tolerance but reduced submergence *** findings suggest the potential use of OsUGT706D2 for improving abiotic stress tolerance in rice.

关键词： UDP-glycosyltransferase Rice Cold tolerance Submergence tolerance ABA

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Through-polymer,via technology-enabled,flexible,lightweight,and integrated devices for implantable neural probes

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 279-291页

作者： Cunkai Zhou Ye Tian Gen Li Yifei Ye Lusha Gao Jiazhi Li Ziwei Liu Haoyang Su Yunxiao Lu Meng Li Zhitao Zhou Xiaoling Wei Lunming Qin Tiger H.Tao Liuyang Sun College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghaiChina 2020 X-Lab Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina School of Graduate Study University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Transducer technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Physical Science and technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Neuroxess Co. Ltd.(Jiangxi)NanchangJiangxiChina Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and technology HengqinZhuhaiGuangdongChina Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Translational Research ShanghaiChina

In implantable electrophysiological recording systems,the headstage typically comprises neural probes that interface with brain tissue and integrated circuit chips for signal *** advancements in MEMS and CMOS technology have significantly improved these components,their interconnection still relies on conventional printed circuit boards and sophisticated *** conventional approach adds considerable weight and volume to the package,especially for high channel count *** address this issue,we developed a through-polymer via(TPV)method inspired by the through-silicon via(TSV)technique in advanced three-dimensional *** innovation enables the vertical integration of flexible probes,amplifier chips,and PCBs,realizing a flexible,lightweight,and integrated device(FLID).The total weight of the FLIDis only 25%that of its conventional counterparts relying on adapters,which significantly increased the activity levels of animals wearing the FLIDs to nearly match the levels of control animals without ***,by incorporating a platinum-iridium alloy as the top layer material for electrical contact,the FLID realizes exceptional electrical performance,enabling in vivo measurements of both local field potentials and individual neuron action *** findings showcase the potential of FLIDs in scaling up implantable neural recording systems and mark a significant advancement in the field of neurotechnology.

关键词： alloy neural recording