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Fungal community succession on decomposing leaf litter across five phylogenetically related tree species in a subtropical forest

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Fungal Diversity 2022年第4期115卷 73-103页

作者： Danushka S.Tennakoon Chang‑Hsin Kuo Witoon Purahong Eleni Gentekaki Chayakorn Pumas Itthayakorn Promputtha Kevin D.Hyde Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Plant Medicine National Chiayi University300 Syuefu RoadChiayi City 60004Taiwan Department of Soil Ecology UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchTheodor-Lieser-Str.406120 Halle(Saale)Germany Innovative Institute for Plant Health Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringHaizhu DistrictGuangzhou 510225People’s Republic of China Environmental Science Research Center Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand

Fungi are an essential component of the *** play an integral role in the decomposition of leaf litter and return nutrients to the ecosystem through nutrient *** are considered as the“key players”in leaf litter decomposition,because of their ability to produce a wide range of extracellular ***-related changes of fungal communities during leaf litter decomposition have been relatively ***,it has not been established how the tree species,tree phylogeny,and leaf litter chemistry influence fungal communities during *** direct observations and a culturing approach,this study compiles fungi found in freshly collected leaf litter from five phylogenetically related,native tree species in Taiwan:Celtis formosana(CF),Ficus ampelas(FA),Ficus septica(FS),Macaranga tanarius(MT),and Morus australis(MA).We investigated(i)the effects of tree species(including tree phylogeny)and leaf litter chemistry on fungal community succession,and(ii)specific patterns of fungal succession(including diversity and taxonomic community assembly)on decomposing leaf litter across the selected tree *** hypothesized that host species and leaf litter chemistry significantly affect fungal community succession.A total of 1325 leaves(CF:275,FA:275,FS:275,MT:275 and MA:225)were collected and 236 fungal taxa were recorded(CF:48,FA:46,FS:64,MT:42 and MA:36).Tree species relationships had variable associations on the fungal communities,as even closely related tree species had strongly differing communities during decomposition.A high number of species were unique to a single tree species and may indicate‘host-specificity’to a particular leaf *** overlap of microfungal species in pair wise comparisons of tree species was low(7–16%),and only 1–2%of microfungal species were observed in leaves of all tree *** percentage of occurrences of fungal communities using Hierarchical Cluster Analyses(HCA)showed that there were at least f

关键词： Fungal diversity Ecology Leaf litter decomposition Percentage of occurrences Taxonomy

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Regenerable adsorbent for removing ammonia evolved from anaerobic reaction of animal urine

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第6期18卷 1176-1181页

作者： CHOU Liang-hsing TSAI Ru-in CHANG Jen-ray LEE Maw-tien Department of Civil and Water Resource Engineering "National" Chiayi UniversityChia-YiTaiwanChina Department of Chemical Engineering "National" Chung Cheng UniversityChia-YiTaiwanChina Department of Applied Chemistry "National" Chiayi UniversityChia-YiTaiwanChina.

The waste gas evolved from biodegradation of animal urine contains ammonia causing environmental concerns. A new and effective method for removing ammonia from such waste gas using reactive adsorption is presented. In the process, activated carbon impregnated with H2SO4（H2SO4/C） is employed. Ammonia in the waste gas reacts with H2SO4 on the adsorbent instantaneously and completely to form （NIL）2SO4. The H2SO4/C adsorbent is high in NH3 adsorption capacity and regenerable. The NH3 removal capacity of this regenerable adsorbent is more than 30 times that of the adsorbents used normally in the industry. The spent H2SO4/C is regenerated by flowing low-pressure steam through the adsorbent bed to remove the （NH4）2SO4 from the adsorbent. The regeneration by-product is concentrated （NH4）2SO4 solution, which is a perfect liquid fertilizer for local use. Re-soaking the activated carbon with H2SO4 solution rejuvenates the activity of the adsorbent. Thus the H2SOJC can be reused repeatedly. In the mechanism of this reactive adsorption process, trace of H20 in the waste gas is a required, which lends itself to treating ammonia gas saturated with moisture from biodegradation of animal urine.

关键词： ammonia removal regenerable adsorbent reactive adsorption biodegradation of animal urine activated carbon

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