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A novel method for quantitatively identifying driving forces and evaluating their contributions to oil and gas accumulation

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 28-40页

作者： Bo Pang Xiongqi Pang Caijun Li Zhangxing Chen Huiyi Xiao Suyun Hu Siyu Zhang Lei Wang Yaoxi Sun Min Li Shasha Hui College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Petroleum Exploration and Development research Institute CNPCBeijing 100083China

Different driving forces govern the formation of distinct types of oil and gas accumulation and yield diverse oil and gas *** oil and gas reservoirs in basins are commonly formed by the combination of multiple *** is very difficult but essential to identify driving forces and evaluate their contributions in predicting the type and distribution of oil and gas *** this study,a novel method is proposed to identify driving forces and evaluate their contribution based on the critical conditions of porosity and permeability corresponding to buoyancy-driven hydrocarbon accumulation depth(BHAD).The application of this method to the Nanpu Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin shows that all oil and gas accumulations in the reservoirs are jointly formed by four driving forces:buoyance(Ⅰ),non-buoyance(Ⅱ),tectonic stress(Ⅲ1)and geofluid activity(Ⅲ2).Their contributions to all proven reserves are approxi-mately 63.8%,16.2%,2.9%,and 17.0%,*** contribution of the driving forces is related to the depth,distance to faults and unconformity *** dominates the formation of conven-tional reservoirs above BHAD,non-buoyant dominate the formation of unconventional reservoirs below BHAD,tectonic stress dominates the formation of fractured reservoirs within 300 m of a fault,and geoflu-ids activity dominates the formation of vuggy reservoirs within 100 m of an unconformity surface.

关键词： Driving forces Dynamic mechanisms Buoyancy-driven hydrocarbon accumulation depth Unconventional oil and gas Resources evaluation

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THE FLOW PATTERNS OF BUBBLE PLUME IN AN MBBR

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2011年第4期23卷 510-515页

作者： LI Shi-rong CHENG Wen WANG Meng CHEN Chen Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources and Environmental Ecology of Ministry of Education Xi＇an University of Technology Xi＇an 710048 China Oil Production Plant of No. 4 Changqing Oilfield Company China National Petroleum Corporation Jing Bian 718500 China

The flow patterns of the gas-liquid two-phase flow in a Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor （MBBR） have a critical effect upon the mass transfer by the convection. Bubble plumes promote unsteadily fluctuating two-phase flows during the aeration. This article studies the unsteady structure of bubble plumes through experiments. The time-serial bubble plume images in various cases of the tank are analyzed. The Recursive Cross Correlation-Particle Image Velocimetry （RCC-PIV） is used to calculate the velocities in those cases, and then the time-serial vortex, the total turbulence intensity, the time-serial streamline are obtained. It is shown that the aspect ratio and the void fraction are the dominant factors influencing the unsteady structure of bubble plumes. When the aspect ratio is unity and the void fraction is high, the bubble plumes see a symmetrical vortex structure with a long residence time, which is beneficial for optimizing the aeration system and enhancing the applied range of bubble plumes.

关键词： bubble plume Recursive Cross Correlation (RCC) Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) flow pattern

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Scour and silting evolution and its influencing factors in Inner Mongolian Reach of the Yellow River

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2011年第6期21卷 1037-1046页

作者： QIN Yi ZHANG Xiaofang WANG Fenglong YAN Heng HAN Haijun Key Laboratory of North-West Water Resources and Ecology Environment of Ministry of Education Xi＇an University of Technology Xi＇an 710048 China Zhoushan Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute Zhoushan 316000 Zhejiang China Harbin Water Conservancy Plan and Design Institute Harbin 150076 China

Rivers with fluvial equilibrium are characterized by bed deformation adjustment. The erosion-deposition area in cross-section reflects this characteristic, which is a base of researching the river scour and deposition evolution by time series analysis. With an ero- sion-deposition area indicator method proposed in this paper, the time series of ero- sion-deposition area quantity at Bygl and Shhk stations were obtained with the series duration of 31 years from 1976 to 2006. After analysis of its trend and mutation, three different ten- dencies about the evolution were observed in general from the quasi-equilibrium phase through a rapid shrinkage to the final new quasi-equilibrium. It is also found that the trend of erosion-deposition area series will change once a big flood occurred in some of the tributaries and its ever greater influence is due to the decrease of deluge with the completion of up- stream reservoirs. Almost all the turning points were coincident with the time when hy- per-concentrated sediment flood occurred in some tributaries. With the time series of clear mutations since the late 1990s, the Inner Mongolian Reach has been in a new equilibrium phase. This can be concluded in two aspects. 1. The absence of big floods and sediment transportation from tributaries result in the river shrinkage, and to regain the channel flow-carrying capacity in Inner Mongolian Reach a large flood is needed both of high peak discharge and of lengthy interval to destroy the new equilibrium. 2. The proposed method of erosion-deposition area indicator is of great help to channel scour-deposition evolution analysis because it can demonstrate real time deformation of cross section in quantity.

关键词： Inner Mongolian Reach of the Yellow River erosion-deposition area indicator evolution equilibrium

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高铌 β-γ TiAl与 Ni 基高温合金加 Ti 箔中间层的脉冲电流扩散连接(英文)

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of china 2024年

作者：张来启贺昆高强北京科技大学新金属材料国家重点实验室鞍钢集团北京研究院有限公司钒钛研究院分院

采用纯钛箔为中间层，通过脉冲电流扩散连接了高铌β-γTiAl金属间化合物（HNBG）和镍基高温合金（IN718）。对HNBG/Ti/IN718接头的显微组织、元素偏析及力学性能进行了研究，并探讨了钛中间层对显微组织和力学性能的影响。HNBG/Ti/IN71... 详细信息

采用纯钛箔为中间层，通过脉冲电流扩散连接了高铌β-γTiAl金属间化合物（HNBG）和镍基高温合金（IN718）。对HNBG/Ti/IN718接头的显微组织、元素偏析及力学性能进行了研究，并探讨了钛中间层对显微组织和力学性能的影响。HNBG/Ti/IN718接头的典型显微组织为HNBG//β/B2，τ3-NiAl3Ti2//α2-Ti3Al//α-Ti+δ-NiTi2，β-Ti//δ-NiTi2//β2-（Ni，Fe）Ti//Cr/Fe-richη-Ni3Ti，η-Ni3Ti，α-Cr，δ-Ni3Nb//η-Ni3Ti，γ-Ni，δ-Ni3Nb//IN718。随着连接温度升高，间隙和柯肯达尔孔洞逐渐消失。Cr、Fe和 Nb 元素偏析的机制是 β2-NiTi 相阻碍了它们的扩散。纳米压痕结果表明，IN718 合金一侧的扩散区硬度较高。在 850 ℃ × 20 min × 10 MPa 连接参数下，强度达到最大值 326 MPa。断裂发生在Ⅳ区和Ⅴ区，断裂模式为脆性断裂和解理断裂。钛中间层的引入改善了显微组织，增强了结合强度。

关键词：高铌β-γTiAl金属间化合物 IN718合金中间层扩散连接显微组织力学性能元素偏析

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Lateral erosion/accretion area and shrinkage rate of the Linhe reach braided channel of the Yellow River between 1977 and 2014

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2016年第11期26卷 1579-1592页

作者：王随继梅艳国 Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCAS University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Quantitative studies on river channel lateral erosion/accretion area changes over time can reveal the characteristics of channel evolution. Taking the 213-km-long Linhe reach braided channel of the Yellow River as an example, area changes in channel bank ero- sion/accretion in four sub-reaches （S1, S2, S3 and S4） over 19 different periods were evalu- ated on the basis of remote sensing images captured since 1977. Mean channel shrinkage rate for the whole river reach was also obtained. Results show that the left and right banks of the Linhe reach were dominated by lateral net accretion between 1977 and 2014. The channel area of this section of the Yellow River was characterized by reduction between 1977 and 2001, while periods of alternate erosion and accretion occurred subsequent to 2001. Mean channel shrinkage rate in the Linhe reach braided channel was 6.15 km2/yr between 1977 and 2014, while the most remarkable changes in channel planform occurred in the 1990s. Compared to 1995, channel length and sinuosity increased by 5.8% and 6.6% by 2000, while channel area and mean width decreased by 39.4% and 42.8%, respectively. Significant changes in channel planform and shrinkage of the Linhe reach occurred in the 1990s, mainly as a result of the joint-operation of the Longyangxia and Liujiaxia reservoirs since 1986, which caused substantial reductions in runoff and sediment flux during the annual flooding season. In addition, bank erosion/accretion in the four sub-reaches was affected by the physical properties of local banks, engineering emplaced to protect channel banks, and hydrodynamic differences. However, since the implementation of integrated river manage- ment measures from 2000 onwards, these changes have been significantly mitigated and the health of the Linhe reach braided channel of the Yellow River has been restored.

关键词： channel planform geometry river bank erosion-accretion variation channel shrinkage Linhe reach braided channel Yellow River

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Influences of chronic contamination of oil field exploitation on soil nematode communities at the Yellow River Delta of china

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Frontiers in Biology 2009年第3期4卷 376-383页

作者： Yingying WANG Hui CHEN Huili CHEN Jihua WU Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering of the Ministry of Education Institute of Biodiversity ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Oil production related activities have led to many environmental *** 80%of the total output of crude oil is generated from terrestrial oilfields in the ***,the impact of oil exploitation procedures on soil animal communities has not been fully *** study investigated the responses of soil nematode communities to the oil exploitation activities in the Yellow River Delta of *** setting 10 oilfield sites and 5 relatively uncontaminated sites(controls),we found that the content of soil total petroleum hydrocarbons(TPH)was significantly higher at oilfield sites than at *** a longer oil exploitation history,the content of soil TPH *** nematode community structure at oilfield sites was largely different from that at *** nematodes were significantly less abundant but more diverse at oilfield sites than at *** proportions of fungal feeders were significantly lower at oilfield sites than at controls,attaining only half of those at *** nematode trophic diversity and genus number negatively correlated with the duration of petroleum exploitation *** study elucidated the difference in soil nematode communities caused by oilfield exploitation and indicated that the nematode diversity was most obviously influenced by the soil TPH content and the oil exploitation history.

关键词： community composition oil exploitation history oilfield soil nematodes the Yellow River Delta

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Sampling strategy for wild soybean(Glycine soja)populations based on their genetic diversity and fine-scale spatial genetic structure

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Frontiers in Biology 2007年第4期2卷 397-402页

作者： ZHU Weiyue ZHOU Taoying ZHONG Ming LU Baorong Fudan University Shanghai 200433China Shandong Institute of Light Industry Jinan 250353China

A total of 892 individuals sampled from a wild soybean population in a natural reserve near the Yellow River estuary located in Kenli of Shandong Province(china)were *** SSR(simple sequence repeat)primer pairs from cultivated soybeans were used to estimate the genetic diversity of the population and its variation pattern versus changes of the sample size(sub-samples),in addition to investigating the fine-scale spatial genetic structure within the *** results showed relatively high genetic diversity of the population with the mean value of allele number(A)being 2.88,expected heterozygosity(He)0.431,Shannon diversity index(I)0.699,and percentage of poly-morphic loci(P)100%.Sub-samples of different sizes(ten groups)were randomly drawn from the population and their genetic diversity was calculated by computer *** regression model of the four diversity indexes with the change of sample sizes was *** a result,27-52 individuals can reach 95%of total genetic variability of the *** autocorrelation analysis revealed that the genetic patch size of this wild soybean population is about 18 *** study provided a scientific basis for the sampling strategy of wild soybean populations.

关键词： sampling strategy genetic diversity fine-scale spatial structure wild soybean simple sequence repeat(SSR)

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Study on Compressive Properties of Z-pinned Laminates in RTD and Hygrothermal Environment

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2012年第1期25卷 64-70页

作者： LI Chenghu YAN Ying WANG Ping QI Desheng WEN Yonghai School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China china Electric Power research Institute Beijing 100192China AVIC Harbin Aircraft Industry Group Co.Ltd. Harbin 150066China

Compressive tests of [0]t2 and [90]t2 unidirectional laminates and [45/0/-45/90] 2s quasi-isotropic laminates are accomplished in both room-temperature and dry （RTD） and hygrothermal environment. And simulation studies on the compressive strength of Z-pinned laminates of [0112 and [45/0/-45/90] 2s are conducted by using finite element analysis （FEA）. A microstructural unit cell for FEA is created to simulate a representative laminates unit with one pin. Within the unit cell, the first directions of the elements＇ material coordinate systems are changed to simulate the fibres＇ deflecting around the pin. The hygrothermal effect is simulated by the material properties＇ adjustments which are determined by the compressive tests of non-pined laminates. The experimental results indicate that the percentage of reduction in the compressive modulus of Z-pinned laminates caused by Z-pin becomes smaller with the percentage of 0° fibres decreasing in the laminates; the compressive strength of quasi-isotropic laminates reduces and the percentage of the reduction in the compressive strength declines with Z-pin volume content increasing, and the moisture absorption ratio of the Z-pinned specimens is greater than that of the non-pinned specimens, because the cracks around Z-pin increase the moisture absorption. In addition, the simulations show that the deflection of fibres around Z-pin is the main factor for the reduction in the compressive strength of Z-pinned unidirectional laminates, the dilution of fibre volume content caused by resin-rich pocket is the principal factor for the decline in the compressive strength of Z-pinned quasi-istropic laminates, and the compressive strength of Z-pinned specimens in hygrothermal environment reduces as the result of superimposition of some factors, including the changes in material properties caused by hygrothermal environment, the deflection of fibres and the resin-rich pocket caused by Z-pin.

关键词： Z-pin laminates hygrothermal environment simulation study strength

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Comparison of channel geometry changes in Inner Mongolian reach of the Yellow River before and after joint operation of large upstream reservoirs

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2015年第8期25卷 930-942页

作者： SU Teng WANG Suiji MEI Yanguo SHAO Wenwei Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The impact of reservoirs on downstream river channel change has been a scientific issue in fluvial geomorphology during the last few decades. However, it is still a difficult issue as to how to express quantitatively the channel adjustment in the Inner Mongolian reach of the Yellow River induced by the joint operation of upstream reservoirs. Based on the shape parameters of channel cross-sections at four gauging stations in this river reach over a flooding season in two periods, 1978–1982 and 2008–2012, the present work investigated the channel changes in terms of shape parameter change rate under the same controlling water level in each flooding season at the channel cross-sections. Results showed that most of the change rates of the parameters evidently increased over a flooding season in both periods. However, the change rate of each parameter at the cross-sections decreased evidently in the latter period, compared with the former period. At the same time, the distribution pattern of the change rate of the shape parameters along the cross-sections thus changed from a convex curve in the former period to an S-shaped curve in the latter period. The obvious decrease of the change rates is related to the joint operation of the Liujiaxia and Longyangxia reservoirs. The reservoirs stored a large volume of water and decreased the peak discharge and maximum velocity in the flooding season; as a result, the erosion ability of the flood decreased accordingly. With the joint operation of the large reservoirs, the Inner Mongolian channel shrunk markedly. Therefore, the channel will present the possibility of an extreme flood in the future. Consequently, it is reasonable to adjust the function of the reservoirs in future. The total water and sediment discharges and the peak discharge in flooding seasons should be effectively controlled. Continuous shrinkage of the channel can thus be avoided and it can be ready for a potential extreme flood.

关键词： channel cross-section shape parameters change rate reservoir joint operation Yellow River

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Simple colorimetric detection of dopamine using modified silver nanoparticles

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Science china Chemistry 2016年第4期59卷 387-393页

作者： Sivakumar Palanisamy Xuehua Zhang Tao He Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication Chinese Academy of SciencesNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Dopamine(DA) plays an important role in health and peripheral nervous systems. Colorimetric detection of DA has the advantage of color change and simplicity in operation and instrumentation. Herein, we report a highly sensitive and selective colorimetric detection of DA by using two specific ligands modified Ag nanoparticles, where the DA molecules can make dual recognition with high specificity. The colloidal suspension of modified Ag nanoparticles was agglomerated after interacting with DA, while the color of Ag nanoparticles suspension changed from yellow to brown, arising from the interparticle plasmon coupling during the aggregation of Ag nanoparticles. The modified Ag nanoparticles suspension and agglomeration were confirmed by transmission electron microscope images. The optical properties behind the color change were thoroughly investigated by using UV-Vis and Raman techniques. The changes in p H, zeta potential, particle size and surface charge density by adding DA were also determined by using dynamic light scattering measurements. The detection limits of modified Ag probes for DA was calculated to be 6.13′10^(-6) mol L^(-1)(S/N=2.04) and the correlation co-efficient was determined to be 0.9878. Because of the simplicity in operation and instrumentation of the colorimetric method, this work may afford a feasible, fast approach for detecting and monitoring the DA levels in physiological and pathological systems.

关键词： dopamine detection Ag nanoprobe colorimetry dual molecular recognition sensitivity selectivity

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