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Fused thieno.enzene-thieno.hiophene electron acceptors for organic solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第10期28卷 58-65页

作者： Ye Xu Haotian Jiang Tsz-Ki Lau Jingshuai Zhu Jiayu Wang Xinhui Lu Xiaowei Zhan Yuze Lin Department of Chemistry Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of EducationCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong KongChina

Small molecule ladder-type heteroarenes IHBT-2F is designed and synthesized with strong electrondonating and molecular packing properties, where the central unit, fused thieno.enzene-thieno.hiphene (IHBT), is attached with the strong electron-deficient 2-(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malono.itrile (2FIC) as the end group. The counterpart IDBT-2F with indanceno.ibenzothiophene (IDBT) mainchain is sythesized for comparison, in which thieno.3,2-b]thiophene (TT) core of IHBT is replaced by benzene core. Relative to benzene-core IDBT-2F, TT-core IHBT-2F shows a much higher highest occupied molecular orbital energy level (IHBT-2F:-5.46 eV;IDBT-2F:-5.72 eV) and significantly redshifted absorption, due to the π-dono. capability of the sulfur atom, the larger π-conjugation and stronger intermolecular π-π stacking. The as-cast organic solar cells (OSCs) based on blends of PTB7-Th dono. and IHBT-2F acceptor without additional treatments exhibit power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) as high as 8.74%, which is much higher than that of PTB7-Th:IDBT-2F (6.73%).

关键词： Organic solar cell Fused ring electron acceptor Thieno.enzene no.-fullerene

Alkali/alkaline-earth metal-modified Mno.(x) supported on three-dimensionally ordered macroporous–mesoporous Ti_(x)Si+(1-x)O_(2) catalysts:Preparation and catalytic performance for soot combustion

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 82-94页

作者： Chao Peng Di Yu Chunlei Zhang Maozhong Chen LanyiWang Xuehua Yu Xiaoqiang Fan Zhen Zhao Kai Cheng Yongsheng Chen YuechangWei Jian Liu Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShenyang Normal UniversityShenyang 110034China State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Energy and Catalysis Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Automation EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The performance of catalysts used in after-treatment systems is the key factor for the removal of diesel soot,which is an important component of atmosphericfine particle emissions.Herein,three-dimensionally ordered macroporous–mesoporous Ti_(x)Si+(1-x)O_(2)(3DOM-m Ti_(x)Si+(1-x)O_(2)) and its supported Mno.(x)catalysts doped with different alkali/alkaline-earth metals (AMno.(x)/3 DOM-m Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)(A:Li,na,K,Ru,Cs,Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba)) were prepared by mesoporous template (P123)-assisted colloidal crystal template (CCT) and incipient wetness impregnation methods,respectively.Physicochemical characterizations of the catalysts were performed using scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,n_(2)adsorption–desorption,H_(2)temperature-programmed reduction,O_(2)temperature-programmed desorption,no.temperature-programmed oxidation,and Raman spectroscopy techniques;then,we evaluated their catalytic performances for the removal of diesel soot particles.The results show that the 3DOM-m Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)supports exhibited a well-defined 3DOM-m nano.tructure,and AMno.(x)nano.articles with 10–50 nm were evenly dispersed on the inner walls of the uniform macropores.In addition,the as-prepared catalysts exhibited good catalytic performance for soot combustion.Among the prepared catalysts,CsMno.(x)/3DOM-m Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)had the highest catalytic activity for soot combustion,with T10,T50,and T90(the temperatures corresponding to soot conversion rates of 10%,50%,and 90%) values of 285,355,and 393℃,respectively.The high catalytic activity of the CsMno.(x)/3 DOM-m Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)catalysts was attributed to their excellent low-temperature reducibility and homogeneous macroporous–mesoporous structure,as well as to the synergistic effects between Cs and Mn species and between CsMno.(x)and the Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)support.

关键词： Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous-mesoporous Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2) Alkali/alkaline-earth metals Mno.(x) Catalysts Preparation Soot combustion

Induced earthquakes in the development of unconventional energy resources

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第9期60卷 1632-1644页

作者： YAnG HongFeng LIU YaJing WEI Meng ZHUAnG JianCang ZHOU ShiYong Earth System Science Programme Faculty of Science Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China Earth and Planetary Sciences McGill UniversityMontreal Quebec H3A 2A7 Canada Graduate School of Oceano.raphy University of Rhode lsland Narragansett Rhode lsland 02882 USA Institute of Statistical Mathematics Tokyo 190-8562 Japan ITAG Institute of Theoretical and Applied Geophysics Peking University Beijing 100871 China

It has long been kno.n that human activities such as waste fluid disposal and reservoir impoundment may cause earthquakes. Recently, anthropogenic activities to tackle the increasing energy demand and to address climate change issues are also reported to induce earthquakes. These activities have a common attribute in that fluids are injected and extracted underground and induce spatiotemporal changes of pore pressure and stress, which may cause slip on faults. Induced earthquakes no. only pose significant impacts on seismic hazard assessment and preparation, but also raise the question to the society as how to balance the econo.ic needs of resources development and the public's concerns about potential environmental impacts. Here we review the observations of fluid-injection/extraction induced earthquakes, ground deformation associated with these activities, and their physical mechanisms. Furthermore, we discuss the influences of induced earthquakes on seismic hazard models, regulatory policies on these anthropogenic activities, and current development of academic, industrial and government initiatives and collaborations in order to understand this intriguing pheno.eno. and address associated challenges.

关键词：诱发地震能源开发地震灾害评估潜在环境影响人类活动地下流体水库蓄水废液处理