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Multi-criteria technique for mapping of debris-covered and clean-ice glaciers in the Shaksgam valley using Landsat TM and ASTER GDEM

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第4期13卷 703-714页

作者： Alifu HAIRETI Ryutaro TATEISHI Bayan ALSAAIDEH Saeid GHARECHELOU geosystem and biological sciences division graduate schools of sciencechiba university1-33 Yayoi-choInage-kuChiba-shiChiba 263-8522Japan center for environmental remote sensing chiba university1-33 Yayoi-choInage-kuChiba-shiChiba 263-8522Japan

Glaciers in the Shaksgam valley provide important fresh water resources to neighbourhood livelihood. Repeated creation of the glacier inventories is important to assess glacier–climate interactions and to predict future runoff from glacierized catchments. For this study, we applied a multi-criteria technique to map the glaciers of the Shaksgam valley of China, using Landsat Thematic Mapper(Landsat TM)(2009) and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global Digital Elevation Model version two(ASTER GDEM V2) data. The geomorphometric parameters slope, plan, and profile curvature were generated from ASTER GDEM. Then they were organized in similar surface groups using cluster analysis. For accurate mapping of supraglacial debris area, clustering results were combined with a thermal mask generated from the Landsat TM thermal band. The debris-free glaciers were identified using the band ratio(TM band 4/TM band 5) technique. Final vector maps of the glaciers were created using overlay tools in a geographic information system(GIS).Accuracy of the generated glacier outlines was assessed through comparison with glacier outlines based on the Second Chinese Glacier Inventory(SCGI) data and glacier outlines created from high-resolution Google Earth? images of 2009. Glacier areas derived using the proposed approach were 3% less than in the reference datasets. Furthermore, final glacier maps show satisfactory mapping results, but identification of the debris-cover glacier terminus(covered by thick debris layer) is still problematic. Therefore, manual editing was necessary to improve the final glacier maps.

关键词： Remote sensing Glacier inventory Shaksgam valley Landsat TM ASTER GDEM

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Analytical modeling of effect of interlayer on effective moduli of layered graphene-polymer nanocomposites

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第8期33卷 827-833页

作者： C.C.Roach Y.C.Lu Department of Mechanical Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506-0503USA

Nanocomposites enhanced with two-dimensional, layered graphene fillers are a new class of engineering materials that exhibit superior properties and characteristics to composites with conventional ***, the roles of ＂interlayers＂ in layered graphene fillers have yet to be fully explored. This paper examines the effect of interlayers on mechanical properties of layered graphene polymer *** an effective filler, the fundamental properties（in-plane Young＇s modulus E（L1）, out-of-plane Young＇s modulus E（L2）; shear modulus G（L12）, major Poisson＇s ratio V（L12）） of the layered graphene were computed by using the Arridge＇s lamellar model. The effects of interlayers on effective moduli of layered graphene epoxy composites were examined through the Tandon-Weng model. The properties of the interlayer show noticeable impact on elastic properties of the composites, particular the out-of-plane properties（Young＇s modulus E2 and shear modulus G（12））. The interlayer spacing is seen to have much great influence on properties of the composites. As the interlayer spacing increases from 0.34 nm to 2 nm, all elastic properties of the composites have been greatly decreased.

关键词： Interlayer Layered graphene Nanocomposite Effective moduli

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A Note on the Relationship Between Temperature and Water Vapor over Oceans, Including Sea Surface Temperature Effects

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第1期23卷 141-148页

作者： C.-L. SHIE W.-K. TAO J. SIMPSON Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology Center University of MarylandBaltimore CountyBaltimoreMaryland 21250USA Laboratory for AtmospheresNASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Laboratory for Atmospheres NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA

An ideal and simple formulation is successfully derived that well represents a quasi-linear relationship found between the domain-averaged water vapor, Q （ram）, and temperature, T （K）, fields for the three tropical oceans （i.e., the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans） based on eleven GEOS-3 [Goddard Earth Observing System （EOS） Version-3] global re-analysis monthly products. A Q - T distribution analysis is also performed for the tropical and extra-tropical regions based on in-situ sounding data and numerical simulations [GEOS-3 and the Goddard Cumulus Ensemble （GCE） model]. A similar positively correlated Q - T distribution is found over the entire oceanic and tropical regions; however, Q increases faster with T for the former region. It is suspected that the tropical oceans may possess a moister boundary layer than the Tropics. The oceanic regime falls within the lower bound of the tropical regime embedded in a global, curvilinear Q - T relationship. A positive correlation is also found between T and sea surface temperature （SST）; however, for one degree of increase in T, SST is found to increase 1.1 degrees for a warmer ocean, which is slightly less than an increase of 1.25 degrees for a colder ocean. This seemingly indicates that more （less） heat is needed for an open ocean to maintain an air mass above it with a same degree of temperature rise during a colder （warmer） season [or in a colder （warmer） region]. Q and SST are also found to be positively correlated. Relative humidity （RH） exhibits similar behaviors for oceanic and tropical regions. RH increases with increasing SST and T over oceans, while it increases with increasing T in the Tropics. RH, however, decreases with increasing temperature in the extratropics. It is suspected that the tropical and oceanic regions may possess a moister local boundary layer than the extratropics so that a faster moisture increase than a saturated moisture increase is favored for the former regions. T, Q, saturated water v

关键词： moisture temperature relationship quasi-equilibrium states Tropics oceans

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Finite element analysis of the effect of interlayer on interfacial stress transfer in layered graphene nanocomposites

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第6期35卷 1147-1152页

作者： C.C.Roach Y.C.Lu Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Kentucky

Understanding the roles of interlayers in reinforcement efficiencies by layered graphene is very important in order to produce strong and light graphene based nanocomposites. The present paper uses the finite element method to evaluate the interfacial strain transfers and reinforcement efficiencies in layered graphene-polymer composites. Results indicate that the presence of compliant interlayers in layered graphene plays significant roles in the transfers of strain/stress from matrix to graphene and subsequently the reinforcement effectiveness of layered graphene. In general, the magnitude of shear strain transferred onto the rigid graphene decreases as the thickness of the interlayer increases. This trend becomes insignificant as the graphene becomes sufficiently large(s>25,000). The shear strain at the interface of graphene-matrix is also greatly influenced by the interlayer modulus. A stiffer interlayer would result in a higher shear strain transferred on the graphene. The performance of the interlayers is further affected by the property of the composite and the architecture of the layered graphene stack. If a composite contains more graphene phase, the efficiency of reinforcement by a layered graphene becomes improved. If a graphene stack contains more interlayers, the effectiveness of reinforcement at the edges of the graphene becomes negatively affected.

关键词： Interlayer Layered graphene Nanocomposites Interfacial stress transfer Finite element method

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High-order discontinuous Galerkin method for applications to multicomponent and chemically reacting flows

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2017年第3期33卷 486-499页

作者： Yu Lv Matthias Ihme Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford University

This article focuses on the development of a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for simulations of multicomponent and chemically reacting flows. Compared to aerodynamic flow applications, in which DG methods have been successfully employed, DG simulations of chemically reacting flows introduce challenges that arise from flow unsteadiness, combustion, heat release, compressibility effects, shocks, and variations in thermodynamic properties. To address these challenges, algorithms are developed, including an entropy-bounded DG method, an entropy-residual shock indicator, and a new formulation of artificial viscosity. The performance and capabilities of the resulting DG method are demonstrated in several relevant applications, including shock/bubble interaction, turbulent combustion, and detonation. It is concluded that the developed DG method shows promising performance in application to multicomponent reacting flows. The paper concludes with a discussion of further research needs to enable the application of DG methods to more complex reacting flows.

关键词： Discontinuous Galerkin method High-order schemes Reacting flows Multicomponent flows

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Adopting GPU computing to support DL-based Earth science applications

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 2660-2680页

作者： Zifu Wang Yun Li Kevin Wang Jacob Cain Mary Salami Daniel Q.Duffy Michael M.Little Chaowei Yang Department of Geography and Geoinformation Science NSF Spatiotemporal Innovation CenterGeorge Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA Department of Geography University of California Santa BarbarGoletaCAUSA nasa Goddard Computational and Information Sciences and Technology OfficeGreenbeltMDUSA

With the advancement of Artificial Intelligence(Al)technologies and accumulation of big Earth data,Deep Learning(DL)has become an important method to discover patterns and understand Earth science processes in the past several *** successful in many Earth science areas,Al/DL applications are often challenging for computing *** recent years,Graphics Processing Unit(GPU)devices have been leveraged to speed up Al/DL applications,yet computational performance still poses a major barrier for DL-based Earth science *** address these computational challenges,we selected five existing sample Earth science Al applications,revised the DL-based models/algorithms,and tested the performance of multiple GPU computing platforms to support the *** softwarepackages,performance comparisonsacross different platforms,along with other results,are *** article can help understand how various Al/ML Earth science applications can be supported by GPU computing and help researchers in the Earth science domain better adopt GPU computing(such as supermicro,GPU clusters,and cloud computing-based)for their Al/ML applications,and to optimize their science applications to better leverage the computing device.

关键词： GPU computing GeoAl open science Earth science artificial intelligence

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First Light Curve Analysis of NSVS 8294044,V1023 Her,and V1397 Her Contact Binary Systems

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 1-12页

作者： Atila Poro Sabrina Baudart Mahshid Nourmohammad Zahra Sabaghpour Arani Fatemeh Farhadi Selda Ranjbar Salehian Ahmad Sarostad Saeideh Ranjbaryan Iri Olya Maryam Hadizadeh AmirHossein Khodaei Astronomy Department of the Raderon AI Lab. BurnabyBCCanada Double Stars Committee SociétéAstronomique de FranceParisFrance Independent Astrophysics Researcher IsfahanIran Akhtaran Astronomical Society Isfahan ProvinceAran and BidgolIran Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceZanjan UniversityZanjanIran Astronomy Students'Scientific Association University of TabrizEast Azerbaijan ProvinceTabrizIran Yazd Desert Night Sky Astronomy Institute Yazd ProvinceYazdIran Ayaz Astronomical Association East Azerbaijan ProvinceTabrizIran Khayyam Astronomy Association FarsFasaIran

The first photometric light curve investigation of the NSVS 8294044,V1023 Her,and V1397 Her binary systems is *** used ground-based observations for the NSVS 8294044 system and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite data for V1023 Her and V1397 *** primary and secondary times of minima were extracted from al the data,and,by collecting the literature,a new ephemeris was computed for each *** fits for the O-C diagrams were conducted using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) *** curve solutions were performed using the PHysics Of Eclipsing BinariEs Python code and the MCMC *** systems were found to be contact binary stars based on the fillout factor and mass ratio.V1023 Her showed the O’Connell effect and a cold starspot on the secondary component was required for the light curve *** absolute parameters of the system were estimated based on an empirical relationship between orbital period and *** presented a new T–M equation based on a sample of 428 contact binary systems and found that our three target systems were in good agreement with the *** positions of the systems were also depicted on the M–L,M–R,q–L_(ratio),and M_(tot)–J_(0)diagrams in the logarithmic scales.

关键词： (stars:)binaries eclipsing-techniques photometric-stars individual(NSVS 8294044)

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Mapping lineaments using Landsat 8 OLI and SRTM data;a case study of the eastern part of the Ouarzazate Basin,Morocco

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 987-1003页

作者： MOUJANE Said ALGOUTI Ahmed ALGOUTI Abdellah FARAH Abdelouahed ABOULFARAJ Abdelfatah NAFOURI Imane Geoscience Geotourism Natural Hazards and Remote Sensing Laboratory(2GRNT) Department of GeologyFaculty of Sciences SemlaliaUniversity of Cadi AyyadBP 239040000MarrakechMorocco

The integration of remote sensing and geographic information system(GIS)was employed in this study to delineate the structural lineaments within the eastern section of the Ouarzazate Basin,situated between the southern front of the Central High Atlas and the northern slopes of the Eastern Anti-Atlas(also known as the Saghro Massif).To achieve this objective,Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager(OLI)and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM)data were *** Component Analysis(PCA)was computed and a directional filter was applied to the first PCA and the panchromatic band(B8).Additionally,shading was applied to the SRTM data in four directions;N0°,N45°,N90°,N135°.After removing of the non-geological linear structures,the results obtained,using the automatic extraction method,allowed us to produce a synthetic map that included 1251 lineaments with an average length of 1331 m and was dominated by NE-SW,ENE-WSW and E-W directions,***,the high lineament density is clearly noted in the Anti-Atlas(Saghro Massif)and at the level of the northern part,extending from the Ait Ibrirne to Arg-Ali Oubourk *** lineament density can always be found around the major faults affecting this *** data collected during the field investigations and from geological maps show that the major direction of the faults and structural accidents range mostly between N45°,N70°and N75°.The correlation of remote sensing results with those collected in the field shows a similarity and coincidence with each *** these results,it is possible to consider the automatic extraction method as a supplementary kind that can serve classical geology by quickly enriching it with additional *** shown in this work,this method provides more information when applied in arid areas where the fields are well outcropped.

关键词： Remote sensing GIS Landsat 8 OLI SRTM Ouarzazate Basin Central High Atlas

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Gamma-ray bursts and their links with supernovae and cosmology

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第8期12卷 1139-1161页

作者： Peter Mszros Neil Gehrels Center for Particle and Gravitational Astrophysics Dept.of Astronomy&Astrophysics and Dept.of Physics Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Astrophysics Science Division NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMD 20771USA

Gamma-ray bursts are the most luminous explosions in the Universe, whose origin and mechanism are the focus of intense interest. They appear connected to su- pernova remnants from massive stars or the merger of their remnants, and their bright- ness makes them temporarily detectable out to the largest distances yet explored in the universe. After pioneering breakthroughs from space and ground experiments, their study is entering a new phase with observations from the recently launched Fermi satellite, as well as the prospect of detections or limits from large neutrino and gravitational wave detectors. The interplay between such observations and theoretical models of gamma-ray bursts is reviewed, and cosmology. as well as their connections to supernovae

关键词： gamma-ray sources -- gamma-ray bursts -- cosmic rays -- neutrinos-- supernovae -- cosmology -- intergalactic medium

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Liquid Encapsulated Melt Zone Processing of GaAs

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Chinese Physics Letters 1996年第12期13卷 950-952页

作者： ZHOU Bo-jun CHEN Wei-hua E.Jensen A.Amini R.Abbaschian Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Florida-GainesvilleFL 32611U.S.A. Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083

A liquid encapsulated melt zone process has been developed for single crystal growth of *** crystals of 40mm long have been grown with this *** avoid unwanted nucleation events and maintain a constant crystal diameter,from top to bottom growth using a short zone with a convex zone surface was found to give the best *** arsenic overpressure way used to in conjunction with a B_(2)O_(3) encapsulant in order to suppress arsenic dissociation from the melt and maintain the stoichiometry of the crystal.

关键词： technique maintain arsenic

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