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Adsorption,in vitro digestion and human gut microbiota regulation characteristics of three Poria cocos polysaccharides

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1685-1697页

作者： Fangming Zhang Hui Zheng Tao Zheng Pan Xu Yao Xu Yuxin Cao Fan Jia Yiqiong Zeng Yubing Fan Kai He Xinwen Dai Fengfei Hou Yong Yang College of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208China School of Pharmaceutical Science Hunan University of MedicineHuaihua 418000China Hunan Fuling Engineering Technology Research Center Huaihua 418100China

Poria cocos(PC)is a famous traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and a widely used healthcare ingredient,which has antiobesity,enhancing immunity and improving sleep ***,only water-soluble poria polysaccharide(WSP)is extracted and applied for clinical application,while insoluble polysaccharide(alkali-soluble poria polysaccharide,ASP)is discarded as herb ***,the whole PC has also been historically utilized as functional herbal *** the beneficial role of dietary fiber and the traditional use of PC,ASP may also contribute substantially to the therapy function of *** to WSP,little attention has been paid to ASP and ASP modified product carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide(CMP)which has been used as an antitumor adjuvant *** this study,the oil,cholesterol,metal ions and polyphenols adsorption ability,in vitro simulated digestive and the gut microbiota fermentation characteristics of WSP,ASP and CMP were studied to evaluate the functional values of three *** polysaccharides(PCPs).The results showed that all three PCPs had good adsorption capacity on cholesterol,polyphenols and metal ions(Cd^(2+)/Zn^(2+)/Mg^(2+)),among which ASP showed the highest capacity than WSP and *** adsorption capacity of all three PCPs on heavy metal ions(Cd^(2+)/Zn^(2+))was stronger than that of non-heavy metal ions(Mg^(2+));The in vitro digestibility of all three PCPs was very low,but WSP was slightly higher than ASP and CMP;Moreover,the indigestible residue of all three PCPs could improve the richness and diversity of gut microbiota,among which ASP had the greatest *** general,ASP and CMP could significantly promote the proliferation of some probiotics and inhibit the growth of some harmful *** gut microbiota diversity of CMP was reduced,but the richness of probiotics,especially Parabacteroides distasonis was significantly enhanced compared with the ASP group,and the growth of harmful bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae was inh

关键词： Poria cocos polysaccharides Alkali-soluble poria polysaccharide Carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide Adsorption characteristics In vitro simulated digestion In vitro simulated gut microbiota fermentation

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A vision system based on CNN-LSTM for robotic citrus sorting Author links open overlay panel

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2024年第1期11卷 14-25页

作者： Yonghua Yu Xiaosong An Jiahao Lin Shanjun Li Yaohui Chen College of Engineering Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of agricultural Equipment in Mid-Lower Yangtze River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhan 430070China National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation Wuhan 430070China Citrus Mechanization Research Base Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhan 430070China

Compared with manual sorting of citrus fruit,vision-based sorting solutions can help achieve higher accuracy and *** this study,we present a vision system based on CNN-LSTM,which can cooperate with robotic grippers for real-time sorting and is readily applicable to various citrus processing plants.A CNN-based detector was adopted to detect the defective oranges in view and temporarily classify them into corresponding types,and an LSTM-based predictor was used to predict the position of the oranges in a future frame based on image sequential *** fusion of CNN and LSTM networks enabled the system to track defective ones during rotation and identify their true types,and their future path was also predicted which is vital for predictive control of visually guided robotic *** detection accuracy of 94.1%was obtained based on experimental results,and the error for path prediction was within 4.33 pixels 40 frames *** average time to process a frame was between 28 and 62 frames per second,which also satisfied real-time *** results proved the potential of the proposed system for automated citrus sorting with good precision and efficiency,and it can be readily extended to other fruit crops featuring high versatility.

关键词： Deep learning Long short-term memory Vision system Online citrus sorting Path prediction

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Membrane vesicles derived from Streptococcus suis serotype 2 induce cell pyroptosis in endothelial cells via the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1338-1353页

作者： Keda Shi Yan Li Minsheng Xu Kunli Zhang Hongchao Gou Chunling Li Shaolun Zhai Institute of Animal Health Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention ofGuangdong Province/Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of GuangdongProvinceMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangzhou 510640China Maoming Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and TechnologyMaoming 525000China College of Animal Science&Technology Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhou 510225China

Streptococcus suis serotype 2(*** 2)is a zoonotic pathogen that clinically causes severe swine and human infections(such as meningitis,endocarditis,and septicemia).In order to cause widespread diseases in different organs,*** 2 must colonize the host,break the blood barrier,and cause exaggerated *** the last few years,most studies have focused on a single virulence factor and its influences on the *** vesicles(MVs)can be actively secreted into the extracellular environment contributing to bacteria-host ***-negative bacteria-derived outer membrane vesicles(OMVs)were recently shown to activate host Caspase-11-mediated non-canonical inflammasome pathway via deliverance of OMV-bound lipopolysaccharide(LPS),causing host cell ***,little is known about the effect of the MVs from *** 2(Gram-positive bacteria without LPS)on cell ***,we investigated the molecular mechanism by which *** 2 MVs participate in endothelial cell *** this study,we used proteomics,electron scanning microscopy,fluorescence microscope,Western blotting,and bioassays,to investigate the MVs secreted by *** ***,we demonstrated that *** 2 secreted MVs with an average diameter of 72.04 nm,and 200 proteins in MVs were ***,we showed that MVs were transported to cells via mainly dynamin-dependent *** *** 2 MVs activated NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD canonical inflammasome signaling pathway,resulting in cell pyroptosis,but it did not activate the Caspase-4/-5 *** importantly,endothelial cells produce large amounts of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and lost their mitochondrial membrane potential under induction by *** 2 *** results in this study suggest for the first time that MVs from *** 2 were internalized by endothelial cells via mainly dynamin-dependent endocytosis and might promote NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway by mitochondrial damage,which produced mtDNA and ROS under induction,

关键词： Streptococcus suis serotype 2 membrane vesicles endocytosis pyroptosis NLRP3 inflammasomes mitochondrial damage endothelial cell

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Regulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and grain quality in early-season indica fragrant rice by nitrogen and silicon fertilization under different plantation methods

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 511-535页

作者： Yongjian Chen Lan Dai Siren Cheng Yong Ren Huizi Deng Xinyi Wang Yuzhan Li Xiangru Tang Zaiman Wang Zhaowen Mo State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangxi Key Laboratory of agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology Yulin Normal UniversityYulin 537000China Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Bio-Resources Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region/College of Biology and PharmacyYulin Normal UniversityYulin 537000China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangzhou 510642China Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice Guangzhou 510642China Key Laboratory of Key Technology for South agricultural Machine and Equipment Ministry of Education/College of EngineeringSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Fragrant rice has a high market value,and it is a popular rice type among consumers owing to its pleasant *** methods,nitrogen(N)fertilizers,and silicon(Si)fertilizers can affect the grain yield and fragrance of fragrant ***,the core commercial rice production attributes,namely the head rice yield(HRY)and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP)content of fragrant rice,under various nitrogen and silicon(N-Si)fertilization levels and different plantation methods remain *** field experiment in this study was performed in the early seasons of 2018 and 2019 with two popular indica fragrant rice cultivars(Yuxiangyouzhan and Xiangyaxiangzhan).They were grown under six N-Si fertilization treatments(combinations of two levels of Si fertilizer,0 kg Si ha^(−1)(Si0)and 150 kg Si ha^(−1)(Si1),and three levels of N fertilizer,0 kg N ha^(−1)(N0),150 kg N ha^(−1)(N1),and 220 kg N ha^(−1)(N2))and three plantation methods(artificial transplanting(AT),mechanical transplanting(MT),and mechanical direct-seeding(MD)).The results showed that the N-Si fertilization treatments and all the plantation methods significantly affected the HRY and 2-AP content and related parameters of the two different fragrant rice *** with the Si0N0 treatment,the N-Si fertilization treatments resulted in higher HRY and 2-AP *** rates of brown rice,milled rice,head rice,and chalky rice of the fragrant rice also improved with the N-Si fertilization *** N-Si fertilization treatments increased the activities of N metabolism enzymes and the accumulation of N and Si in various parts of the fragrant rice,and affected their antioxidant response *** key parameters for the HRY and 2-AP content were assessed by redundancy ***,the structural equation model revealed that the Si and N accumulation levels indirectly affected the HRY by affecting the N metabolism enzyme activity,N use efficiency,and grain quality of fragrant ***,high N

关键词： fragrant rice 2-AP content head rice yield mechanical planting nitrogen silicon

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Organo-mineral complexes in soil colloids:Implications for carbon storage in saline-alkaline paddy soils from an eight-year field experiment

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 97-109页

作者： Mengmeng CHEN Shirong ZHANG Lu LIU Baojian CHANG Yuyi LI Xiaodong DING College of Resources and Environment Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Jingke High-tech Institute of Environmental Sciences Co. LtdBeijing 100094China Institute of agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

The combination of organic carbon(OC) and reactive minerals is a crucial mechanism of soil carbon(C) storage, which is regulated by the formation of organo-mineral complexes on the surface of soil colloids. The effect of organic fertilizer on the storage mechanism of OC in soil colloids was studied through an 8-year field experiment, which included four treatments: i) no fertilization(control, CK), ii) only mineral N, P, and K fertilization(NPK), iii) NPK plus a low level(450 kg C ha^(-1)year^(-1)) of organic fertilization(NPKC1), and iv) NPK plus a high level(900 kg C ha^(-1)year^(-1)) of organic fertilization(NPKC2). The main results indicated that organic fertilizer addition significantly increased the content of aromatic-C, which was 158.7% and 140.0% higher in soil colloids than in bulk soil in the NPKC1 and NPKC2 treatments, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy further demonstrated that the relative proportion of C=C group on the surface of soil colloids was increased by 20.1% and 19.1% in the NPKC1 and NPKC2 treatments, respectively,compared with the CK. In addition, compared with the NPK treatment, the content of reactive minerals(such as Fe and Al oxides) significantly increased with organic fertilization, which was positively correlated with C=C group in soil colloids. This indicates that aromatic-C may be retained by the formation of aromatic-mineral complexes with reactive minerals in soil colloids. Organic fertilization also significantly increased OC storage efficiency(OCSE), which was significantly higher in the NPKC1 treatment than in the NPKC2 treatment. Therefore, a moderate amount of organic fertilizer application is a better agronomic practice to increase OCSE and OC storage in saline-alkaline paddy soils.

关键词： aromatic-C aromatic-mineral complex organic fertilization reactive mineral soil organic carbon water-dispersible colloid

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Evaluation of the intracellular lipid-lowering effect of polyphenols extract from highland barley in HepG2 cells

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 454-461页

作者： Yijun Yao Zhifang Li Bowen Qin Xingrong Ju Lifeng Wang College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Centre for modern Grain Circulation and Safety Nanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjing 210023China

Active ingredients from highland barley have received considerable attention as natural products for developing treatments and dietary supplements against *** practical application,the research of food combinations is more significant than a specific food *** study investigated the lipid-lowering effect of highland barley polyphenols via lipase assay in vitro and HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid(OA).Five indexes,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(T-CHO),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT),were used to evaluate the lipidlowering effect of highland barley *** also preliminary studied the lipid-lowering mechanism by Realtime fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR).The results indicated that highland barley extract contains many components with lipid-lowering effects,such as hyperoside and *** vitro,the lipase assay showed an 18.4%lipase inhibition rate when the additive contents of highland barley extract were 100μg/m *** intracellular lipid-lowering effect of highland barley extract was examined using 0.25 mmol/L OA-induced HepG2 *** results showed that intracellular TG,LDL-C,and T-CHO content decreased by 34.4%,51.2%,and 18.4%,*** and AST decreased by 51.6%and 20.7%compared with the untreated hyperlipidemic HepG2 cells.q PCR results showed that highland barley polyphenols could up-regulation the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes such as PPARγand Fabp4.

关键词： Highland barley Polyphenols extract Lipid-lowering effect HepG2 cells

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The NAC transcription factor LuNAC61 negatively regulates fiber development in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 795-805页

作者： Dongwei Xie Jing Li Wan Li Lijun Sun Zhigang Dai Wenzhi Zhou Jianguang Su Jian Sun School of Life Sciences Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150086China Institute of Bast Fiber Crops Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410221China Jiangsu Sanshu Biotechnology Co.Ltd. Nantong 226001China

Flax is a crucial fiber crop that exhibits excellent textile properties and serves as a model plant for investigating phloem fiber development. The regulation of multiple genes significantly influences fiber development, notably involving NAC(NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC2) transcription factors in forming the fiber secondary cell wall(SCW).Overexpression of LuNAC61 in flax resulted in sparse top meristematic zone leaves and significantly reduced stem cellulose content. Scanning electron microscopy and staining observations revealed a significant reduction in fiber bundles. β-Glucuronidase(GUS) staining analysis demonstrated high activity of the LuNAC61 promoter in the bast fibers of the flax stem. Additionally, several members of the LuPLATZ and LuCesA families exhibited significant coexpression with LuNAC61. Subcellular localization indicated the presence of LuPLATZ24 protein in the nucleus and cytoplasm, LuNAC61 protein exclusively in the nucleus, and LuCesA10 in the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum. LuPLATZ24 positively regulates LuNAC61, whereas LuNAC61 negatively affects LuCesA10, suggesting the involvement of a metabolic network in regulating flax fiber development. In conclusion, this study provides a critical opportunity for a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the mechanisms governing flax fiber development and the potential use of biotechnology to enhance flax fiber yield.

关键词： flax fiber development Lu NAC61 gene function gene interaction

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Effects of Light Quality on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Neopyropia yezoensis Free Living Conchocelis

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Asian agricultural Research 2024年第9期16卷 32-37页

作者： Cuicui TIAN Qinqin LU Yinyin DENG Chuanming HU Wei ZHOU Guangping XU Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute Nantong 226007China

[Objectives]To study the differences of growth rate,morphology,ultrastructure,pigment content and antioxidant enzyme activity of free-living conchocelis of cultivated type of Neopyropia yezoensis under different light qualities(white,red,blue,and green light).[Methods]The study was carried out through light quality design and culture,growth rate determination,microstructure and ultrastructure observation,chlorophyll a content and carotenoid content determination,phycobiliprotein content determination,malondialdehyde(MDA)content determination,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity determination.[Results]After 21 d of culture,the specific growth rate(SGR)and chlorophyll a content of free-living conchocelis of *** were significantly increased by white light(WL),followed by red light(RL)and green light(GL),and they were the lowest under blue light(BL).Compared with the WL group,the BL group had the highest content of phycoerythrin(PE),and the RL and GL groups had the highest content of phycocyanin(PC).The algal body of WL group was normal black brown,and the cell wall was the *** RL and GL groups,the algal bodies were green,and their diameters and cell wall thicknesses were similar to those in WL *** BL group,the algal body was bright red,the diameter was the smallest,the cell wall was the thinnest,and the ultrastructure showed that the number of plastoglobulus on the thylakoid was the *** BL irradiation,the highest MDA content and the lowest SOD activity were *** results revealed that WL is the most beneficial to the growth of free-living conchocelis,followed by RL and GL,while BL has adverse effects.[Conclusions]This study explored the most suitable light quality conditions for the propagation of free-living *** is expected to provide germplasm guarantee for the production and seedling of ***.

关键词： Neopyropia yezoensis Free-living conchocelis Light quality Growth Physiological characteristics

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Parameter calibration of discrete element model for alfalfa seeds based on EDEM simulation experiments

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 33-38页

作者： Xinjiu Zhang Hongti Wang Fangyan Wang Zhengguo Lian College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109ShandongChina

In order to establish an accurate discrete element model of alfalfa seeds,real physical experiments were combined with simulation experiments,and the contact parameters of alfalfa seeds were calibrated using the repose angle of alfalfa seeds as the response *** intrinsic parameters(thousand grain weight,triaxial size,density)and contact parameters(static friction coefficient,rolling friction coefficient)of alfalfa seeds were obtained through physical experiments,and a spherical particle model was *** the Plackett Burman experiment,the static friction coefficient between alfalfa seeds,the rolling friction coefficient between alfalfa seeds,and the static friction coefficient between alfalfa seeds and ABS plastic were determined to have a significant impact on the *** steepest climb test is used to narrow down the selection range of the optimal parameters,and the box Behnken test is used to obtain the quadratic regression equation of the repose *** optimal parameter combination was obtained with the objective of minimizing the repose angle error:the static friction coefficient between alfalfa seeds and alfalfa seeds was 0.418,the rolling friction coefficient between alfalfa seeds and alfalfa seeds was 0.086,and the static friction coefficient between alfalfa seeds and ABS plastic was *** repose angle and mass flow rate experiments show that the model is effective and reliable.

关键词： alfalfa seeds discrete element parameter calibration EDEM

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Establishment and Application of Prevention and Control Techniques of New Sugarcane White Leaf Disease

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agricultural Biotechnology 2024年第4期13卷 18-20,27页

作者： Xiaoyan WANG Ruonan QIU Hong XU Yulong JIANG Rongyue ZHANG Fengyun ZHANG Ming GONG Jinxue LEI Hongli SHAN Jie LI Yingkun HUANG Key Laboratory on Genetic Improvement of Sugarcane in Yunnan Province Sugarcane Research InstituteYunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKaiyuan 661699China Economic Crop Workstation Lancang Lahu Autonomous CountyLancang 665600China Yunnan Zichen agricultural Development Co. Ltd.Xiangyun 672100China

Aiming at the basic and key technical problems in prevention and control of sugarcane white leaf disease(SCWL),this study systematically overcame key technical bottleneck of prevention and control of new SCWL after 10 years of collaborative research,and achieved several innovative *** phytoplasmas newly recorded in China and the new subgroup of SCWL phytoplasmas(16SrXI-D)were discovered for the first time in Yunnan,and the whole genome analysis of the epidemic subgroup was *** main transmission source of SCWL pathogens has been identified as infected seed canes,and Tettigoniella viridis and Clovia conifer were newly discovered as vectors for virus *** disease resistance of 25 main varieties was identified,and 10 control varieties were *** prevention and control strategy of"emphasizing early warning,strictly carrying out quarantine,blocking the vectors and controlling residual plants"was put forward,and a comprehensive prevention technique was established through integration of various techniques,and standardized technical regulations were formulated for demonstration *** promotion and application of these achievements have realized scientific prevention and control of SCWL,effectively curbed the spread of SCWL,and ensured the safety of sugarcane producing areas in China,achieving great economic,social and ecological benefits and providing technical support for high-quality development,loss reduction and efficiency improvement of China's sugar industry.

关键词： Sugarcane white leaf disease Comprehensive prevention and control Application

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