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Local transgene expression and whole-body transgenesis to model brain diseases in nonhuman primate

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2019年第1期2卷 9-17页

作者： Lucie Chansel-Debordeaux Erwan Bezard Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives University of Bordeaux CNRS Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CHU Bordeaux Service de Biologie de la reproduction-CECOS

Animal model is an essential tool in the life sciences research, notably in understanding the pathogenesis of the diseases and for further therapeutic intervention success. Rodents have been the most frequently used animals to model human disease since the establishment of gene manipulation technique. However, they remain inadequate to fully mimic the pathophysiology of human brain disease, partially due to huge differences between rodents and humans in terms of anatomy, brain function, and social behaviors. Nonhuman primates are more suitable in translational perspective. Thus, genetically modified animals have been generated to investigate neurologic and psychiatric disorders. The classical transgenesis technique is not efficient in that model; so, viral vector-mediated transgene delivery and the new genome-editing technologies have been promoted. In this review, we summarize some of the technical progress in the generation of an ad hoc animal model of brain diseases by gene delivery and real transgenic nonhuman primate.

关键词： animal models neuroscience nonhuman primates

Do astrocytes respond to light,sound,or electrical stimulation?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2343-2347页

作者： Audrey Le Naour Emilien Beziat Jaimie Hoh Kam Pierre Magistretti Alim-Louis Benabid John Mitrofanis UniversitéGrenoble Alpes Fonds de dotationClinatecGrenobleFrance King Abdullah University of Science and Technology ThuwalSaudi Arabia Institute of Ophthalmology University College LondonLondonUK

Astrocytes are not only the most populous cell type in the human brain,but they also have the most extensive and dive rse sets of connections,across synapses,axons,blood vessels,as well as having their own internal ***,they are associated with many brain functions;from the synaptic transmission to energy metabolism and fluid homeostasis,and from cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier maintenance to neuroprotection,memory,immune defenses and detoxification,slee p,and early *** yet,notwithstanding these key roles,so many current therapeutic approaches to a range of brain disorders have largely neglected their potential *** this review,we consider the role of astrocytes in three brain therapies;two are emerging treatments(photobiomodulation and ultrasound),while the other is well-established(deep brain stimulation).In essence,we explore the issue of whether external sources,such as light,sound,or electricity,can influence the function of astrocytes,as they do *** find that,when taken all together,each of these external sources can influence many,if not,all of the functions associated with *** include influencing neuronal activity,prompting neuroprotection,reducing inflammation(astrogliosis) and potentially increasing cerebral blood flow and stimulating the glymphatic *** suggest that astrocytes,just like neurons,can respond positively to each of these external applications and that their activation co uld each impart many beneficial outcomes on brain function;they are likely to be key playe rs underpinning the mechanisms behind many therapeutic strategies.

关键词： deep brain stimulation high frequency infrared mitochondria red ultrasound

Neutralizing antibodies in hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第36期13卷 4824-4830页

作者： Mirjam B Zeisel Samira Fafi-Kremer Isabel Fofana Heidi Barth Franoise Stoll-Keller Michel Doffo■l Thomas F Baumert Inserm U748Strasbourg France Université Louis Pasteur Strasbourg France Liver Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutesof Health Bethesda MD United States Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg France Service d'Hépatogastro-entérologie Hpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of hepatitis world-wide. The majority of infected individuals develop chronic hepatitis which can then progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Spontaneous viral clearance occurs in about 20%-30% of acutely infected individuals and results in resolution of infection without sequaelae. Both viral and host factors appear to play an important role for resolution of acute infection. A large body of evidence suggests that a strong, multispecific and long-lasting cellular immune response appears to be important for control of viral infection in acute hepatitis C. Due too the lack of convenient neutralization assays, the impact of neutralizing responses for control of viral infection had been less defined. In recent years, the development of robust tissue culture model systems for HCV entry and infection has finally allowed study of antibody-mediated neutralization and to gain further insights into viral targets of host neutralizing responses. In addition, detailed analysis of antibody-mediated neutralization in individual patients as well as cohorts with well defined viral isolates has enabled the study of neutralizing responses in the course of HCV infection and characterization of the impact of neutralizing antibodiesfor control of viral infection. This review will summarize recent progress in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of antibody-mediated neutralization and its impact for HCV pathogenesis.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Virus-host cell interaction Viral entry Neutralizing antibodies

Two Cytotoxic Eremophilanolides from Senecio tsoongianus

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2005年第3期16卷 362-364页

作者： QiJunZHANG HuiDOU ChangXinZHOU ZhaoJunXU HuaPENG YuZHAO DepartmentofTraditionalChineseMedicineandNaturalDrugResearch CollegeofPharmaceuticalSciencesZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310031 KunmingInstituteofBotany ChineseAcademyofSciencesKunming650204

Two new eremophilanolides, tsoongianolide E and F, were isolated from Senecio tsoongianus. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR and MS spectra. Both of these two compounds showed in vitro cytotoxicity ... 详细信息

关键词： Sesquiterpenes eremophilanolide Seneciotsoongianus.

Clinical trial:Lactobacillus plantarum 299v(DSM 9843)improves symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第30期18卷 4012-4018页

作者： Philippe Ducrotté Prabha Sawant Venkataraman Jayanthi Department of Gastroenterology(Inserm UMR-1073) Rouen University Hospital and Rouen University76031 Rouen CedexFrance Department of Gastroenterology Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General HospitalMumbai 400022India Department of Gastroenterology Gov Stanley HospitalChennai 600108India

AIM:To assess the symptomatic efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v(*** 299v)(DSM 9843) for the relief of abdominal symptoms in a large subset of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) patients fulfilling the Rome Ⅲ ***:In this double blind,placebo-controlled,parallel-designed study,subjects were randomized to daily receive either one capsule of *** 299v(DSM 9843) or placebo for 4 *** and intensity of abdominal pain,bloating and feeling of incomplete rectal emptying were assessed weekly on a visual analogue scale while stool frequency was ***:Two hundred and fourteen IBS patients were *** 4 wk,both pain severity(0.68 + 0.53 vs 0.92 + 0.57,P < 0.05) and daily frequency(1.01 + 0.77 vs 1.71 + 0.93,P < 0.05) were lower with *** 299v(DSM 9843) than with *** results were obtained for *** week 4,78.1 % of the patients scored the *** 299v(DSM 9843) symptomatic effect as excellent or good vs only 8.1 % for placebo(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION:A 4-wk treatment with *** 299v(DSM 9843) provided effective symptom relief,particularly of abdominal pain and bloating,in IBS patients fulfilling the Rome Ⅲ criteria.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum 299v Clinical trial Abdominal pain

Nutrient Balance in Relation to High Yield and Good Quality of Potato on an Acid Purple Soil in Chongqing,China

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Pedosphere 2001年第1期11卷 83-92页

作者： HETIANXIU HEFUJIAN 等 SouthwestAgriculturalUniversity Chongqing410076（Chian） HokkaidoUniversity Sapporo（Japan）

A field experiment was carried out to study nutrient balance among N, P, K and Mg in potato cultivation on an acid purple soil in Chongqing, China. The experiment included 8 treatments with equal P rate of 120 kg P2O5 hm-2: N0K2, N1K2, N2K2, N3K2, N2K0, N2K1, N2K1Mg and N2K3, where N0, N1, N2 and N3 stand for the N rates of 0, 75, 150 and 225 kg N hm-2, and K0, K1, K2 and K3 for the K rates of 0, 165, 330 and 495 kg K2O hm-2, respectively. Among the treatments designed, Thatment N2K2 with a nutrient supply ratio of N:P2O5:K2O:MgO = 1.25:1:2.75:0.28 gave the highest tuber yield and dry matter, highest starch and Zn and lowest NO3- contents in tuber, and high N, P and K use efficiency with an uptake ratio of N:P:K:Mg = 11.38:1:13.32:0.33 by tuber. Yield and starch and protein contents of tuber were the lowest in Treatment N0K2. Dry matter was the lowest but protein and NO3- contents were the highest in Treatment N2K0. Treatment N2K1Mg had the highest N, P and K utilization rates. Statistical analysis showed that yields of tuber and starch were in a positive linear correlation with the uptake amount of various nutrients and protein of the potato tuber was in a significantly positive linear correlation with tuber N cotent and in a significantly negative linear correlation with tuber K and Mg contents. Balanced application of N, P, K and Mg fertilizers (Treatmeat N2K2) was recommended for realization of high yield and good quality in potato cultivation.

关键词： acid purple soil nutrient balance potato

Neurosurgery in Parkinson's disease:Social adjustment, quality of life and coping strategies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第30期8卷 2856-2867页

作者： Meyer Mylène Montel Sébastien Colnat-Coulbois Sophie Lerond Jérme Potheegadoo Jevita Vidailhet Pierre Gospodaru Nicolaie Vespignani Hervé Barroche Gérard Spitz Elisabeth Schwan Raymund Lorraine University Department of Neurology University Hospital INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 9501 Department of Health Psychology EPSAM Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital Psychotherapic Center of Nancy INSERM 666 Unit University Hospital Care Support and Prevention Center in Addiction University Hospital

Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation has become a standard neurosurgical therapy for ad- vanced Parkinson＇s disease. Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation can dramatically improve the motor symptoms of carefully selected patients with this disease. Surprisingly, some specific dimensions of quality of life, ＂psychological＂ aspects and social adjustment do not always improve, and they could sometimes be even worse. Patients and their families should fully understand that subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation can alter the motor status and time is needed to readapt to their new postoperative state and lifestyles. This paper reviews the literatures regarding effects of bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation on social adjustment, quality of life and coping strategies in patients with Parkinson＇s disease. The findings may help to understand the psychoso-cial maladjustment and poor improvement in quality of life in some Parkinson＇s disease patients.

关键词： neural regeneration Parkinson's disease subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation quality oflife coping social adjustment reviews neurodegenerative diseases

Fe-doped olivine and char for in-bed elimination of gasification tars in an air-blown fluidised bed reactor coupled with oxidative hot gas filtration

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2022年第4期5卷 271-288页

作者： Miguel Ruiz Adam Schnitzer Claire Courson Guillain Mauviel LRGP CNRSUniversity of LorraineENSIC1 Rue GrandvilleNancyFrance University of Lorraine LERMaBENSTIB27 Rue Philippe S´eguinPO Box 1041F-88051 EpinalFrance Institut of Chemistry and Processes for Energy Environment and HealthICPEES–UMR 7515University of Strasbourg25 Rue Becquerel67087 StrasbourgFrance

Gasification experiments were carried out in a pilot scale fluid bed reactor operated under allothermal mode and low fluidisation regime with iron-doped olivine and char as catalyst for in-situ tar *** catalyst combination resulted in a reduction of 50%in the overall tar yield with respect to the reference ***,the integration of an oxidative Hot Gas Filtration unit downstream the gasification reactor led to a further reduction in overall tar yield and relatively clean gas was obtained(approx.1 g/Nm3,benzene-free).The tar dew point of the resulting producer gas was estimated to 80℃,only 40℃ above the threshold value recommended for its valorisation in standard internal combustion ***,catalyst elutriation and char hold-up took place to a large extent inside the *** analysis of catalyst samples at different Time-On-Stream(TOS)revealed:(i)a considerable loss of iron oxides during the first hour of test because of the interparticle mechanical attrition(mostly surface abrasion)and partial reduction of hematite to magnetite and wustite but,stable composition at higher TOS,(ii)the loss of the iron oxide coverage of Fe/olivine particles and the formation of agglomerates with increasing TOS and,(iii)the amount of carbon deposited in the surface of the Fe/olivine particles increased with TOS,but in any case,these carbon deposits can be completely oxidized above 650℃.

关键词： Gasification Tar Oxidative hot gas filtration Char Iron-doped olivine

A Practical Approach to Representation of Real-time Building Control Applications in Simulation

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2020年第3期17卷 464-478页

作者： Azzedine Yahiaoui Center for Building&Systems Eindhoven University of Technology(TU/e)PO Box 513Eindhoven 5600MBNetherlands

Computer based automation and control systems are becoming increasingly important in smart sustainable buildings,often referred to as automated buildings(ABs),in order to automatically control,optimize and supervise a wide range of building performance applications over a network while minimizing energy consumption and associated green house gas *** technology generally refers to building automation and control systems(BACS)*** of costly and time-consuming experiments,this paper focuses on development and design of a distributed dynamic simulation environment with the capability to represent BACS architecture in simulation by run-time coupling two or more different software tools over a *** involves using distributed dynamic simulations as means to analyze the performance and enhance networked real-time control systems in ABs and improve the functions of real BACS *** application and capability of this new dynamic simulation environment are demonstrated by an experimental design,in this paper.

关键词： Distributed dynamic simulation networked control systems building performance applications smart buildings building automation and control systems(BACS)architecture