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The seismogenic structures and migration characteristics of the 2021 Yangbi M6.4 Earthquake sequence in yunnan,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第8期65卷 1522-1537页

作者： Kun YAN Weijun WANG Fei PENG Qincai WANG Huadong KOU Aijing YUAN Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing100081China Institute of Earthquake Forecasting China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing100036China

We constructed a more complete earthquake catalog in the 2021 Yangbi M6.4 focal area by re-scanning the continuous waveforms integrated with deep learning and template matching techniques,to explore the seismogenic structures of the Yangbi mainshock and its nucleation *** new catalog has three times the number of earthquakes than the CENC catalog,and the magnitude completeness has dropped from 1.1 to *** distribution of earthquakes indicates a broom-shaped structure consisting of several oblique secondary faults and a strike-slip main fault which strikes to 315°with 80°dipping to *** earthquakes extend along the fault strike about 27 km in width and 2-13 km at depth and have noticeable variations on seismicity in the mainshock’s north and *** with the north,the south has denser and higher magnitude aftershocks and also has a seismic gap probably weakened by the fluid at the depth range of about 5-6 *** foreshocks were mainly active in the 8-kilometer-long fault zone south of the mainshock,which show a steady drop in b-values over time and a migration pattern toward the epicenter of two steep jumps,stagnation,and then acceleration which finally triggered the *** in the north,seldom foreshock occurred,and the aftershocks were delayed triggered 3 hours after the mainshock,and sparsely scattered shallow at depth and small in *** summarize,the northern part of the Yangbi seismogenic fault is thought to be relatively locked,whereas the southern part has a weakening zone and promotes *** nucleation mechanism of the mainshock and its onset at the junction of the locked and pre-slip zones may be a combination of pre-slip and cascade triggering.

关键词： Yangbi earthquake Microseismic detection Seismogenic structure Earthquake migration Earthquake nucleation process

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Synergy in magnetic Ni_(x)Co_(1)O_(y) oxides enables base-free selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural on loaded Au nanoparticles

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第3期78卷 526-536,I0014页

作者： Hao Zhang Yinghao Wang Qizhao Zhang Bang Gu Qinghu Tang Qiue Cao Kun Wei Wenhao Fang School of Chemical Science and Technology National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering EducationYunnan UniversityKunming 650091YunnanChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine ChemicalsKey Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and ReactionsMinistry of EducationHenan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007HenanChina

The base-free aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid(FDCA)in water is recognized as an important and sustainable upgrading process for cellulosic ***,selectivity control still remains a ***,we disclose that the unique synergy in magnetic Ni_(x)Co_(1)O_(y)(x=1,3 and 5) bimetallic oxides can induce reactive oxygen defects and simultaneously stabilize small-sized metallic Au nanoparticles in the Au/Ni_(x)Co_(1)O_(y)*** catalytic features render effective adsorption and activation of O_(2),OH and C=O groups,realizing selective oxidation of HMF to *** a series of magnetic Au/Ni_(x)Co_(1)O_(y)catalysts with almost identical Au loadings(ca.0.5 wt%) and particle sizes(ca.2.7 nm),the variable Ni/Co molar ratios give rise to the tunable electron density of Au sites and synergistic effect between NiO and CoO_(y).The initial conversion rates of HMF and its derived intermediates(i.e., DFF,HMFCA and FFCA) show a volcano-like dependence on the number of oxygen defects(i.e.,O_(2)^(-)and O^(-)) and electron-rich *** optimum Au/Ni3Co1Oycatalyst exhibits a highest productivity of FDCA(12.5 mmol_(FDCA)mol_(Au)^(-1)h^(-1)) among all the Au catalysts in the literature and achieves> 99% yield of FDCA at 120℃ and 10 bar of O_(2).In addition,this catalyst can be easily recovered by a magnet and show superior stability and reusability during six consecutive cycling *** work may shed a light on Au catalysis for the base-free oxidation of biomass compounds by smartly using the synergy in bimetallic oxide carriers.

关键词： Aerobic oxidation 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid C=O group conversion Magnetic catalyst Oxygen defects Synergistic effect

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Temporal evolution of the focal mechanism consistency of the 2021 Yangbi M_(S) 6.4 earthquake sequence in yunnan

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Earthquake Research Advances 2022年第2期2卷 11-20页

作者： Xiaobin Li Mingpei Jin Ya Huang Wenjian Cha Jun Wang Sihai Li yunnan Earthquake Agency Kunming650224YunnanChina Dali Center of the China Seismic Experimental Site Dali671000YunnanChina

Using the Cut And Paste(CAP)method,we invert the focal mechanism of 38 moderate earthquakes(M_(S)≥3.0)recorded by yunnan seismic network and analyze the corresponding focal mechanism consistency based on the minimum spatial rotation *** results indicate that the M_(S)6.4 mainshock is induced by a lateral strike slip fault(with a rake angle of~-165°)and a little normal-faulting component event along a nearly vertical plane(dipping angle~79° and strike~138°).Combining our results with high resolution catalog,we argue that the seismogenic fault of this earthquake sequence is a secondary fault western to the major Weixi-Qiaohou-Weishan *** focal mechanism evolution can be divided into three *** the first period,the foreshock sequence,the focal mechanism consistency is the highest(KA<36°);during the second period which is shortly after the mainshock,the focal mechanism shows strong variation with KA ranging from 8° to 110°;during the third period,the seismicity becomes weak and the focal mechanism of the earthquakes becomes more consistent than the second period(18°

关键词： Cut and Paste Focal mechanism solution Consistency parameters Aftershock spreading Seismogenic fault Earthquake trend The Yangbi M_(S)6.4 earthquake in 2021

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Multiple seismological evidences of basin effects revealed by Array of Binchuan(ABC), northwest yunnan, China

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Earthquake Science 2018年第5期31卷 281-290页

作者： Yihe Xu Baoshan Wang Weitao Wang Bo Zhang Tianwei Sun Key Laboratory of Seismic Observation and Geophysical Imaging Institute of GeophysicsChina Earthquake Administration School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China

Dense array seismology, which is characterized by large number, densely deployed autonomous geophone/seismographs, has received great concerns worldwide recently, especially after the great success of dense array in Long Beach. One of the biggest curiosity is that if the great success in Long Beach is replicable in China. Hence, we analyze the seismic records from a dense array in Binchuan basin, yunnan province, which consists of three-component short-period seismographs of three most common domestic models. The Binchuan basin is located near the intersection between the chenghai-Binchuan fault and the Red River fault,with the latter being the major fault accommodating significant tectonic deformation resulting from eastern extrusion of the Tibetan plateau. Both faults pose serious seismic threats to local residents in Binchuan basin. Basinrange differences, faults, local earthquakes, and a Fixed Airgun Seismic Transmitting Station(FASTS), make the Binchuan basin a perfect experiment site for dense array experiment. The array is named Array of Binchuan(ABC)and the main target is imaging the shallow crustal structure,especially the structure of the basin. To examine the monitoring capability of ABC, we analyze the seismograms to check if they can reveal the basin, the most significant geological feature in the area. Power spectral density analysis,travel time and amplitude analysis of FASTS signals, and amplitude analysis of earthquakes and noise cross-correlation functions are used in the analysis. All the results show correlation with the basin and clear difference between basin and non-basin area. Therefore, the preliminary results support that the ABC has the potential to provide constraints on local structures.

关键词： Array of Binchuan dense array basin effects

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Study on the Source Characteristics of Downhole Airgun with Different Excitation Environments

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Earthquake Research in China 2016年第3期30卷 342-354页

作者： Yang Wei Wang Baoshan Liu Zhengyi Yang Jun Li Xiaobin chen yong Key Laboratory of Seismic Observation and Geophysical Imaging Institute of Geophysics CEA Beijing 100081 China Earthquake Administration of yunnan province Kunming 650224 China

The measurement of underground medium variation using a repeated artificial source has gradually become an important goal to pursue. In recent years,we have developed and improved a technology system with large capacity airguns excited in land reservoirs by transplanting marine seismic exploration technology. The excitation effect has a close relationship to airgun capacity,water environment,and excitation conditions. In view that large capacity airgun must be excited without a water environment,we expand the system to use in downhole. Based on the BHS-2200 LL downhole airgun with a capacity of250in3,this paper carries out a comparative analysis on the characteristics of an airgun source excited in 0. 2m- and 5. 0m-diameter wells,and the results show that:( 1) The dominant frequency of the airgun signal excited in a 5. 0m well is mainly from 10 Hz to40Hz,lower than that in a 0. 2m well,and the larger body of water is good for bubble oscillation.( 2) In terms of exciting energy,the signal excited in a 5. 0m well has stronger energy than in a 0. 2m well,with a difference of 1 order in magnitude,and the signal can be detected up to 9km excited in a 5. 0m well with a single shot.( 3) The airgun signal has good repeatability in both excitation wells. The downhole airgun excitation technology system has potential application in dynamic monitoring near a fault zone with a small scale range, exploration of oil and mineral resources, and modern urban geophysical environment.

关键词： Artificial source Downhole airgun Excitation environment Seismic source characteristics Repeatability

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Characterization of the Crustal Thickness and Poisson's Ratio of the Binchuan Region

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Earthquake Research in China 2017年第1期31卷 79-89页

作者： Deng Jiamei Jin Mingpei chen Jia Gao Qiong Zhang Huaying Wang Jun Ye Beng Office of the Western yunnan Earthquake Prediction Study Area CEA

This paper presents the changes of crust thickness and Poissons ratios distribution in the Binchuan region,where the first air-gun transmitting station and its a small dense array were *** September 2011 to January 2014,more than 239 teleseismic events of M≥6.0 were recorded in 16 stations in the Binchuan *** P-wave receiver functions were analyzed *** high spatial resolution result shows that the average crust thickness of Binchuan region is 45.3km,it follows the rule of"deeper in the north and east part,shallower in the south and west part."The deepest region is in Xiaoyindian Station;the crust thickness is 47.9km;the shallowest region is in Paiying Station,it has the thickness of *** shows that the deeper Moho surface nearby the chenghai fault and shallower nearby the Honghe fault;the isoline distribution of thickness changes greatly nearby the chenghai fault and slowly nearby the Honghe *** the distribution of Poissons ratios,it is unevenly in the study area with a great difference from the north part to the south part,which shows a characteristic of"lower in the north,higher in the south".The Poissons ratio nearby the Honghe fault is medium too high(0.26≤σ≤0.29);lower nearby the chenghai fault(σ≤0.26).This paper concludes the possible reason of different characteristic between Poissons ratio and crust thickness is thicker in the upper crust in the Binchuan region.

关键词：地壳厚度泊松比川地红河断裂特征高空间分辨率接收函数南北差异

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Seismic airgun exploration of continental crust structures

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第10期60卷 1739-1751页

作者： chen yong WANG BaoShan YAO HuaJian School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210046 China Institute of Earthquake Science China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100036 China Key Laboratory of Seismic Observation and Geophysical Imaging Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100081 China Laboratory of Seismology and Physics of Earth's Interior School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China National Geophysical Observatory at Mengcheng University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

The active sources generate seismic waves transmitting appropriate through the deep is underground key and can be used to image Abstract high-resolution subsurface ***,an seismic source the factor to active source *** order to study the structure of continental crust and its temporal variations,we selected an artificial seismic source generated from releasing air bubbles in water(airgun source hereinafter)out of a variety and of artificial sources like the is explosion,new electronic sparkers,source hammering,eccentric proven vibration,be heavy-duty train vibration,vibroseis *** Three source Fixed a type of artificial that have been to environmentally friendly,safe,and highly *** western Signal China Transmission and Stations(FASTS)have been for built a few years ago in yunnan,Xinjiang,and Gansu provinces in have been continuously them running several *** waves generated away by the the airgun sources are highly seismic reproducible waves and stacking in of can produce can good seismograms on 1300 stations km far from source,for instance,an produced Xinjiang FASTS be well about recorded 60 nearly away after 5000 stacking,China covering area of 6 million km2 and penetrating down to of a depth of *** about 10 FASTSs in would enable long-term illuminate continuous subsurface underground structures,monitoring can all 9.6 million km2 of land *** from airgun sky active sources as lanterns to we achieve the situation with"Beidou surveys the and lantern illuminates underground".

关键词：气枪震源地壳结构地震波探测大陆地下结构人工震源土地面积

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The Source and Observation System of Binchuan Earthquake Signal Transmitting Seismic Station and Its Preliminary Observation Results

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Earthquake Research in China 2016年第3期30卷 316-325页

作者： Wang Bin Li Xiaobin Liu Zifeng Yang Jun Yang Runhai Wang Baoshan Yang Wei Earthquake Administration of yunnan province Kunming 650224 China Institute of Geophysics CEA Beijing 100051 China

This paper summarizes the basic situation of the Binchuan Transmitting Seismic Station and the geophysical observations of the area where it is located,with a focus on the constitution of the observation system of the transmitting seismic station,the excitation characteristics and propagation distance of signals excited by the airgun source in the reservoir and well. The paper also summarizes and discusses on the results of the observations and problems encountered since the Transmitting Seismic Station was ***,this paper proposes the main research to be carried out on the basis of the project aims.

关键词： Transmitting Seismic Station Active source Observation system

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Research on Energy Radiation Characteristics of an Airgun Source Excited in Land Reservoir

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Earthquake Research in China 2019年第1期33卷 24-36页

作者： DONG Mingrong FU Liyun XING Chao YANG Shaodong YANG Jun LI Xiaobin Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource Research Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Earthquake Agency of Chuxiong Prefecture China University of Petroleum (East China) School of Geosciences 750 Test Range China Shipbuilding Industry Company Limited Department of Numerical Control Application Technology Chuxiong Technician College Western yunnan Earthquake Prediction Study Area China Earthquake Administration

The energy radiation process of an airgun seismic source in land reservoir is studied based on the underwater wavelet data collected in the airgun excitation experiments in Binchuan, yunnan, China. The empirical formula for calculating the bubble pulsation period and the maximum radius of the underwater airgun seismic source is obtained. The results show that: ① The energy radiation efficiency is higher vertically than horizontally. ② The vertical bubble energy radiation efficiency increases with the increase of the air supply pressure. ③ The vertical energy radiation efficiency of the airgun seismic source is 9.4% when the air supply pressure is 15 MPa. ④ The higher the air supply pressure, the further the propagating distance of the superposition-enhanced pressure wave of an airgun source.

关键词： Land reservoir Airgun seismic source Shock wave Bubble Energy Radiation Process

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Practices and Advances in Exploring the Subsurface Structure and Its Temporal Evolution with Repeatable Artificial Sources

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Earthquake Research in China 2016年第3期30卷 284-297页

作者： Wang Baoshan Ge Hongkui Wang Bin Wang Haitao Zhang Yuansheng CaiHuiteng chen yong Key Laboratory of Seismic Observation and Geophysical Imaging Institute of Geophysics CEA Beijing 100081 China China Petroleum University (Beijing) Beijing 102249 China Earthquake Administration of yunnan province Kunming 650224 China Earthquake Administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830011 China Lanzhou Institute of Seismology China Earthquake Administration Lanzhou 730000 China Earthquake Administration of Fujian province Fuzhou 350003 China

The earth's structure may change with time under natural or anthropogenic *** the subtle changes of the subsurface structure with repeatable seismic sources such as repeating earthquakes,ambient seismic noise and artificial sources has become one of the hot topics in seismological research. These studies provide important clues in understanding the physical process of hazardous events such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. In this review we introduce the practices and advances in exploring and monitoring the subsurface structure with artificial seismic sources. This review is orgainzed as follows. Firstly,we describe the studies on the characteristics of different types of seismic source( especially the airgun source). Then the advances on data processing and mechanical understanding are depicted. At the end of this review,we reveal the prospects of future study of exploration and monitoring of the subsurface structure and its temporal variations using artificial sources.

关键词： Artificial source Large volume airgun Subsurface changes

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