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Uncoupling of nutrient metabolism and cellular redox by cytosolic routing of the mitochondrial G-3-P dehydrogenase Gpd2 causes loss of conidiation and pathogenicity in Pyricularia oryzae

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第2期24卷 638-654页

作者： Wenqin Fang Yonghe Hong Tengsheng Zhou Yangdou Wei Lili Lin Zonghua Wang Xiaohan Zhu State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops College of Plant ProtectionFujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography Minjiang University Department of Biology College of Arts and ScienceUniversity of Saskatchewan Department of Plant Science University of Manitoba

Oxidation of self-stored carbohydrates and lipids provides the energy for the rapid morphogenetic transformation during asexual and infection-related development in Pyricularia oryzae,which results in intracellular accumulation of reducing equivalents NADH and FADH2,requiring a cytosolic shuttling machinery towards *** previous studies identified the mitochondrial D-lactate dehydrogenase MoDld1 as a regulator to channel the metabolite flow in conjunction with redox ***,the regulator（s） facilitating the cytosolic redox balance and the importance in propelling nutrient metabolite flow remain *** G-3-P shuttle is a conserved machinery transporting the cytosolic reducing power to *** ***,the mitochondrial G-3-P dehydrogenase Gpd2 was required for cellular NAD+/NADH balance and fungal *** this study,we relocate the mitochondrial G-3-P dehydrogenase Gpd2 to the cytosol for disturbing cytosolic redox *** results showed overexpression of cytosolic gpd2Δmtswithout the mitochondrial targeted signal （MTS） driven by Ribosomal protein 27 promoter （PR27） exerted conflicting regulation of cellular oxidoreductase activities compared to theΔModld1 deletion mutant by RNA-seq and prevented the conidiation and pathogenicity of ***,overexpression of gpd2Δmtscaused defects in glycogen and lipid mobilization underlying asexual and infectious structural development associated with decreased cellular NADH production and weakened anti-oxidation ***-seq and non-targeted metabolic profiling revealed down-regulated transcriptional activities of carbohydrate metabolism and lower abundance of fatty acids and secondary metabolites in RP27:gpd2Δ***,our studies indicate the essential role of cytosolic redox control in nutrient metabolism fueling the asexual and infection-related development in ***.

关键词： Pyricularia oryzae mitochondrial G-3-P dehydrogenase NAD + /NADH balance fungal virulence mitochondrial targeted signal

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Interfacial bonding mechanism in Al/coated steel dissimilar refill friction stir spot welds

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第6期35卷 1027-1038页

作者： Z. Shen Y. Ding J. Chen B. Shalch Amirkhiz J.Z. Wen L. Fu A.P. Gerlich School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Poly technical University Xi'an 710072 China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Poly technical University Xi'an 710072 China Centre of Advance Materials Joining Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Ave. Waterloo N2L3G1 Ontario Canada CanmetMATERIALS Natural Resources Canada Hamilton L8P 0A5 Canada

Defect-free dissimilar Al/zinc coated steel and Al/AlSi coated steel welds were successfully fabricated by refill friction stir spot welding. However, Al alloy and uncoated steel could not be welded under the same welding condition. Al-Zn eutectic layer formed at the Al/zinc coated steel interface showed nonuniformity in thickness and nanoscale intermetallic(IMC) produced was discontinuous. The bonding formation between the Al-Zn layer and the surrounding materials was attributed to a liquid/solid reaction mechanism. Bonding formation at Al alloy and AlSi coated steel interface was attributed to a solid/solid reaction mechanism, as the joining process did not involve with melting of base metals or AlSi coating materials. Kissing bond formed at the weld boundary acted as a crack initiation and propagation site,and the present study showed that weld strength of Al 5754/AlSi coated steel was greatly influenced by properties of original IMC layer.

关键词： Refill friction stir spot welding Al alloy Steel Coated materials Joining mechanism

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A Mode-Switching Motion Control System for Reactive Interaction and Surface Following Using Industrial Robots

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2018年第3期5卷 670-682页

作者： Danial Nakhaeinia Pierre Payeur Robert Laganière School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa

This work proposes a sensor-based control system for fully automated object detection and exploration(surface following) with a redundant industrial robot. The control system utilizes both offline and online trajectory planning for reactive interaction with objects of different shapes and color using RGBD vision and proximity/contact sensors feedback where no prior knowledge of the objects is available. The RGB-D sensor is used to collect raw 3D information of the environment. The data is then processed to segment an object of interest in the scene. In order to completely explore the object, a coverage path planning technique is proposed using a dynamic 3D occupancy grid method to generate a primary(offline) trajectory. However, RGB-D sensors are very sensitive to lighting and provide only limited accuracy on the depth measurements. Therefore, the coverage path planning is then further assisted by a real-time adaptive path planning using a fuzzy self-tuning proportional integral derivative(PID)controller. The latter allows the robot to dynamically update the 3D model by a specially designed instrumented compliant wrist and adapt to the surfaces it approaches or touches. A modeswitching scheme is also proposed to efficiently integrate and smoothly switch between the interaction modes under certain conditions. Experimental results using a CRS-F3 manipulator equipped with a custom-built compliant wrist demonstrate the feasibility and performance of the proposed method.

关键词： Adaptive control fuzzy-PID controller manipulator control motion planning surface following

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A test of the coupling of predator defense morphology and behavior variation in two threespine stickleback populations

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Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 53-65页

作者： Lacasse, Jennyfer Aubin-Horth, Nadia Département de Biologie & Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS) Université Laval. Québec QC Canada. G1V 0A6

Among-population differences in morphology and behaviors such as boldness have been shown to co-vary with eco- logical conditions, including predation regime. However, between- and within-population covariation of predator defense mor- phology with variation in behaviors relevant to ecology and evolution （boldness, exploration, activity, sociability and aggressive- ness, often defined as personality traits when they are consistent across time and contexts） have never been quantified together in a single study in juvenile fish from populations found in contrasting environments. We measured predator defense morphology differences between adults from two freshwater populations of threespine sticklebacks with different ecological conditions. We then quantified five behaviors in juveniles from both populations raised in a common environment. Wild-caught adults showed significant differences in predator defense morphology. One population had significantly lower lateral plate number, shorter dorsal spine, pelvic spine and pelvic girdle. Furthermore, 61% of individuals from that population showed an absence of pelvic spine and girdle. At the population level, we found that differences in defense morphology in adults between the two lakes were coupled with differences in behaviors in juveniles raised in a common environment. Levels of activity, aggressiveness and boldness were higher in juveniles from the population lacking predator defense structures. At the individual level, anti-predator morphology of adult females could not predict their offspring＇s behavior, but juvenile coloration predicted individual boldness in a popula- tion-specific manner. Our results suggest that ecological conditions, as reflected in adult predator defense morphology, also affect juvenile behavior in threespine sticklebacks, resulting in trait co-specialization, and that there is a genetic or epigenetic compo- nent to these behavioral differences [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 53-65, 2012].

关键词： Behaviors Personality Predator defense morphology Coloration Juvenile Threespine stickleback Common rear- ing environment

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COMPARISON OF OPTICAL POLARIMETRY AND DIFFUSION TENSOR MR IMAGING FOR ASSESSING MYOCARDIAL ANISOTROPY

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2010年第2期3卷 109-121页

作者： MARIKA A.WALLENBURG MIHAELA POP MICHAEL F.G.WOOD NIRMALYA GHOSH GRAHAM A.WRIGHT I.ALEX VITKIN Ontario Cancer Institute Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging University Health Network and University of Toronto Department of Medical Biophysics610 University Avenue TorontoOntarioCanada M5G 2M9 Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center2075 Bayview Avenue TorontoONCanadaM5N 3M5 IISER Kolkata Mohanpur CampusP.O.BCKV Campus Main Office Mohanpur 741252West BengalIndia Ontario Cancer Institute Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging University Health Network and University of Toronto Departments of Medical Biophysics and Radiation Oncology 610 University AvenueTorontoOntarioCanada M5G 2M9

We have recently proposed an optical method for assessing heart structure that uses polarized light measurement of birefringence as an indicator of tissue *** highly aligned nature of healthy cardiac muscle tissue has a detectable effect on the polarization of light,resulting in a measurable phase shift(“retardance”).When this organized tissue structure is perturbed,for example after cardiac infarction(heart attack),scar tissue containing disorganized collagen is formed,causing a decrease in the measured retardance ***,these are dependent not only on tissue anisotropy,but also on the angle between the tissue’s optical anisotropy direction and the beam interrogating the *** remove this experimental ambiguity,we present a method that interrogates the sample at two different incident beam angles,thus yielding enough information to uniquely determine the true magnitude and orientation of the tissue optical *** use an infarcted porcine heart model to compare these polarimetryderived anisotropy metrics with those obtained with diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging(DT-MRI).The latter yields the anisotropy and the direction of tissue water diffusivity,providing an independent measure of tissue *** optical and MR results are thus directly compared in a common ex vivo biological model of interest,yielding reasonable agreement but also highlighting some technique-specific differences.

关键词： Birefringence Mueller matrix decomposition fractional anisotropy diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging myocardial infarction

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Size-Dependent Gold Nanoparticle Interaction at Nano–Micro Interface Using Both Monolayer and Multilayer(Tissue-Like) Cell Models

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Nano-Micro Letters 2016年第1期8卷 44-53页

作者： Darren Yohan Charmainne Cruje Xiaofeng Lu Devika B.Chithrani Department of Physics Ryerson University Keenan Research Centre Li Ka Shing Knowledge InstituteSt. Michael’s Hospital

Gold nanoparticles(GNPs) are emerging as a novel tool to improve existing cancer therapeutics. GNPs are being used as radiation dose enhancers in radiation therapy as well as anticancer drugs carriers in chemotherapy. However,the success of GNP-based therapeutics depends on their ability to penetrate tumor tissue. GNPs of 20 and 50 nm diameters were used to elucidate the effects of size on the GNP interaction with tumor cells at monolayer and multilayer level. At monolayer cell level, smaller NPs had a lower uptake compared to larger NPs at monolayer cell level. However, the order was reversed at tissue-like multilayer level. The smaller NPs penetrated better compared to larger NPs in tissue-like *** on our study using tissue-like materials, we can predict that the smaller NPs are better for future therapeutics due to their greater penetration in tumor tissue once leaving the leaky blood vessels. In this study, tissue-like multilayer cellular structures(MLCs) were grown to model the post-vascular tumor environment. The MLCs exhibited a much more extensive extracellular matrix than monolayer cell cultures. The MLC model can be used to optimize the nano–micro interface at tissue level before moving into animal models. This would accelerate the use of NPs in future cancer therapeutics.

关键词： Gold nanoparticles Multilayer cellular structures Tissue penetration Hyper spectral imaging Size dependence

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Constraints on treeline advance in a warming climate:a test of the reproduction limitation hypothesis

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第3期11卷 411-422页

作者： Dasvinder Kambo Ryan K.Danby Department of Geography Queen’s University99 University AvenueKingstonOntario K7L 3N6Canada School of Environmental Studies Queen’s University99 University AvenueKingstonOntario K7L 3N6Canada

Aims Several mechanistic hypotheses have been developed to explain the existence of alpine treelines *** reproduction limita-tion hypothesis(RLH)postulates that reproductive processes such as seed production and dispersal are restricted in treeline envi-ronments,thereby limiting the establishment of new individuals in advance of extant *** its popularity,no study has tested this hypothesis in a comprehensive *** this experi-ment,we attempted to answer whether there are enough viable seeds being dispersed beyond treeline for sexually mediated tree-line advance,and what the implications of climate change might be on these *** We established 30 plots across two aspects(north ***)and three elevational habitats(forest,treeline and tundra)in a white spruce(Picea glauca)boreal forest-alpine tundra ecotone in south-west Yukon,*** each plot,tree characteristics,seed produc-tion and predispersal damage were ***,eight dispersal trays were positioned in each plot to measure seed rain,and germination trials with and without predation exclosures were constructed in a subset of plots to quantify dispersal and germina-tion *** Findings Results were highly variable both temporally and *** 2014,a mast year,69%of adult trees produced cones compared to 0.4%in the following *** density of trees in forest plots compared to treeline and tundra resulted in greater seed production at lower *** all plots,88%of seeds were damaged before dispersal or were not *** plots had significantly greater predispersal *** rain was greater in south-facing plots than north-facing *** than 2%of seeds produced on the landscape were dispersed into Tundra plots,located 50 m above *** was a net movement of seeds from the north-facing slope to the south at our study site,likely due to prevailing winds during the dispersal *** counts were more

关键词： altitudinal gradients treeline dynamics predispersal seed damage seed predation seed masts ecotones

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Difficulty of falling asleep and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level among canadian older adults:a cross-sectional analysis of the canadian Longitudinal Study for Aging baseline data

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第8期18卷 597-608页

作者： Jian LIU Surim Son Mike Giancaterino Miya Narushima Department of Health Sciences Brock UniversitySt.CatharinesOntarioCanada

OBJECTIVE To examine whether difficulty of falling asleep(DoFA)is associated with non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(non-HDL-C)level among canadian older *** 26,954 individuals aged 45-85 years from the baseline data of the canadian Longitudinal Study for Aging were in-cluded in this *** was categorized into five groups by answer to the question“Over the last month,how often did it take you more than 30 min to fall asleep?”Response options are“Never,<1 time/week,1−2 times/week,3−5 times/week,or 6−7 times/week”.Non-HDL-C,the difference of total cholesterol and HDL-C,were categorized into five categories based on these cut-offs(<2.6 mmol/L,2.6−3.7 mmol/L,3.7−4.8 mmol/L,4.8−5.7 mmol/L,and≥5.7 mmol/L).Ordinal logistic regression(logit link)continuation ratio models were used to estimate the odds of higher non-HDL-C levels for DoFA *** means of non-HDL-C by DoFA status were estimated by general linear *** analyses were sex separately using analytic weights to en-sure *** The proportions of DoFA in five categories were 41.6%,25.7%,13.6%,9.4%,9.7%for females and 52.9%,24.9%,10.5%,6.1%,5.6%for males,*** adjustment of demographical and other covariates(such as depression,comorbidity,sleeping hour,etc.)compared to those who reported never having DoFA,the ORs(95%CIs)of higher levels of non-HDL-C for those whose DoFA status in<1 time/week,1−2 times/week,3−5 times/week,and 6−7 times/week were 1.12(1.05−1.21),1.09(0.99−1.18),1.20(1.09−1.33),1.29(1.17−1.43)in females and 1.05(0.98−1.13),0.95(0.87−1.05),1.21(1.08−1.37),0.97(0.85−1.09)in males,*** adjusted means of non-HDL-C among the five DoFA status were 3.68 mmol/L,3.73 mmol/L,3.74 mmol/L,3.82 mmol/L,3.84 mmol/L for females and 3.54 mmol/L,3.58 mmol/L,3.51 mmol/L,3.69 mmol/L,3.54 mmol/L for males,*** The results of this study have identified a risk association pattern between DoFA status and non-HDL-C levels in females

关键词： cholesterol sectional canadian

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Leveraging Hazard,Exposure,and Social Vulnerability Data to Assess Flood Risk to Indigenous Communities in Canada

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第6期12卷 821-838页

作者： Liton Chakraborty Jason Thistlethwaite Andrea Minano Daniel Henstra Daniel Scott Public Safety Canada.Ottawa.ON K1A OPS.Canada Department of Geography and Environmental Management.Faculty of En\imnmcnt.University of Waleiioo Waicrloo.ON N2A 0E9.Canada School of En\imnmcnt.Enterprise and De\elopmont.Faculty of Environment University of WaterlooWaterloo.ON N2L 3GICanada Department of Political Science University of Waterloo.Waterloo.ON N2L 3GL Canada

This study integrates novel data on 100-year flood hazard extents,exposure of residential properties,and place-based social vulnerability to comprehensively assess and compare flood risk between Indigenous communities living on 985 reserve lands and other canadian communities across 3701 census ***-scale exposure of residential properties to fluvial,pluvial,and coastal flooding was estimated at the 100-year return period.A social vulnerability index(SVI)was developed and included 49 variables from the national census that represent demographic,social,economic,cultural,and infrastructure/community indicators of *** information system-based bivariate choropleth mapping of the composite SVI scores and of flood exposure of residential properties and population was completed to assess the spatial variation of flood *** found that about 81%of the 985 Indigenous land reserves had some flood exposure that impacted either population or residential *** analysis indicates that residential property-level flood exposure is similar between non-Indigenous and Indigenous communities,but socioeconomic vulnerability is higher on reserve lands,which confirms that the overall risk of Indigenous communities is *** suggest the need for more local verification of flood risk in Indigenous communities to address uncertainty in national scale analysis.

关键词： Canada Flood risk assessment Indigenous communities Social vulnerability

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Converting TREx-RGB green-channel data to 557.7 nm auroral intensity:Methodology and initial results

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 258-274页

作者： Jun Liang D.M.Gillies E.Spanswick E.F.Donovan University of Calgary CalgaryT2N 1N4Canada

The recently deployed Transition Region Explorer(TREx)-RGB(red-green-blue)all-sky imager(ASI)is designed to capture“true color”images of the aurora and *** the 557.7 nm green line is usually the brightest emission line in visible auroras,the green channel of a TREx-RGB camera is usually dominated by the 557.7 nm *** this rationale,the TREx mission does not include a specific 557.7 nm imager and is designed to use the RGB green-channel data as a proxy for the 557.7 nm *** this study,we present an initial effort to establish the conversion ratio or formula linking the RGB green-channel data to the absolute intensity of 557.7 nm auroras,which is crucial for quantitative uses of the RGB *** illustrate two approaches:(1)through a comparison with the collocated measurement of green-line auroras from the TREx spectrograph,and(2)through a comparison with the modeled green-line intensity according to realistic electron precipitation flux measurements from low-Earth-orbit satellites,with the aid of an auroral transport *** demonstrate the procedures and provide initial results for the TREx-RGB ASIs at the Rabbit Lake and Lucky Lake *** RGB response is found to be *** conversion ratios or formulas between RGB green-channel data and the green-line auroral intensity are given and can be applied immediately by TREx-RGB data *** methodology established in this study will also be applicable to the upcoming SMILE ASI mission,which will adopt a similar RGB camera system in its deployment.

关键词： TREx RGB green-line aurora auroral transport model

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