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Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Rice Yield-Related Traits Using Chromosomal Segment Substitution Lines

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Rice science 2019年第5期26卷 261-264页

作者： LI Zihe Aamir RIAZ ZHANG Yingxin Galal Bakr ANIS ZHU Aike CAO Liyong CHENG Shihua Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice research/National Center for Rice Improvement/China National Rice research Institute Hangzhou 310006China Rice research and Training Center/Agriculture research Center Field Crops Research InstituteSakhaKafrelsheikh 33717 Egypt

Rice(Oryza sativa L.)is an important cereal crop,consumed as a staple by more than 50%of the global population(Gathala et al,2011).In Asian countries,the rice production increased to 695.5 million tones in the last years,and this increasing was caused by the main source of income and employment in these *** high-yielding hybrid rice is a potentially promising solution for addressing food shortages caused by marked increases in the global *** progress in DNA marker technology and the construction of linkage maps has enabled the detection of quantitative trait loci(QTLs)that regulate different agronomic traits applicable to breeding(Parida et al,2006;Zhang et al,2017).

关键词： breeding cereal linkage

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EMPIRICAL-NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF HEADCUT MIGRATION

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International Journal of Sediment research 2005年第3期20卷 79-89页

作者： S. S. Y. WANG Director. F.A.P. Barnard Distinguished Professor

Headcut migration is studied by using empirical and numerical modeling approaches. Empirical formulas for the headcut migration are established using available measurement data, which consider not only the flow strength but also the properties of soil. Numerical model for the headcut migration is proposed. The influences of dynamic pressure gradient, downward flow, and bed slope on sediment entrainment are considered. The local erosion patterns and migration speeds of headcut calculated by the numerical model agree reasonably well with observed data.

关键词： Headcut migration Empirical formula Numerical model

Towards predicting biochar impacts on plant-available soil nitrogen content

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 1040-1054页

作者： Claire L.Phillips Kylie M.Meyer Manuel Garcia-Jaramillo Clara S.Weidman Catherine E.Stewart Thomas Wanzek Michael A.Grusak Donald W.Watts Jeff Novak Kristin M.Trippe USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and Environment AmesIAUSA USDA-ARS Forage Seed and Cereal research Unit CorvallisORUSA Department of Environmental Toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA USDA-ARS Soil Management and Sugarbeet research Unit Ft.CollinsCOUSA USDA-ARS Edward T.Schafer agricultural research Center FargoNDUSA USDA-ARS Coastal Plain Soil Waterand Plant Research CenterFlorenceSCUSA

Biochars can improve soil health but have been widely shown to reduce plant-available nitrogen(N)owing to their high carbon(C)content,which stimulates microbial ***,because biochars contain large amounts of C that are not microbially available,their total elemental C:N ratio does not correspond well with impacts on soil *** hypothesized that impacts on soil plant-available N would relate to biochar mineralizable-C(C_(min))content,and that C:N ratios of the mineralizable biochar component could provide a means for predicting conditions of net soil N-mineralization *** conducted two laboratory experiments,the first measuring biochar C_(min)from respiration of isotopically labeled barley biochars manufactured at 300,500,and 750℃,and the second characterizing C_(min)by proxy measurements for ten biochars from six feedstocks at several *** both experiments,soils were incubated with 2%biochar by mass to determine impacts to soil *** to expectation,all the biochars increased soil N-mineralization relative to unamended *** unexpected,higher temperature(500 and 700℃)barley biochars with less C_(min)stimulated more soil decomposition and more soil N-mineralization than a 350℃barley ***,across diverse biochar feedstocks and production methods,none of the biochar characteristics correlated with soil *** finding of improved soil N-mineralization adds complexity to the range of soil N responses that can be expected in response to biochar *** of the limited ability to predict soil N responses from biochar properties,users should monitor soil N to manage soil fertility.

关键词： C:N ratio Plant-available nitrogen Priming Respiration ^(13)C

Stylet penetration behaviors of the cotton aphid Aphis gossypfi on transgenic Bt cotton

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 137-146页

作者： Kun Xue Xiao-Ying Wang Cui-Hong Huang Rong-Jiang Wang Biao Liu Feng-Ming Yan Chong-Ren Xu College of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing College of Plant Protection Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences State Environmental Protection Administration of China Nanjing College of Life and Environmental Sciences Minzu University of China Beijing China

Stylet penetration behaviors of cotton aphids Aphis gossypii Glover on a transgenic cotton line ＂GK-12＂ expressing Bt toxic protein of Cry 1A （Bt cotton） and a non- Bt conventional cotton line ＂Simian-3＂（CK cotton） were recorded with the direct current electrical penetration graph （DC-EPG） technique. Cotton aphids reared on Bt cotton （abbreviated as Bt-aphids） and its parental non-Bt control line （CK-aphids） for more than 20 generations each, were used for recordings on two cotton lines. Among 47 selected parameters reflecting the activities of aphid stylets within plant tissues, there were eight parameters of CK-aphids showing significant differences between the performances of CK- aphids on Bt cotton and CK cotton, while for Bt-aphids, all the parameters were statistically equal between the performances on the two cotton lines. All parameters with significant differences indicated that CK-aphids could penetrate into Bt cotton more easily, but the phloem saps of Bt cotton were not as good as those of regular cotton for CK-aphids. Based on the present results, we concluded that there were some factors in Bt cotton affecting penetration behaviors of CK-aphids, but it just took several generations for CK-aphids to completely adapt Bt cotton, and Bt-aphids could feed on two cotton lines without difficulty.

关键词： Aphis gossypii Bt cotton electrical penetration graph feeding behavior non-target effects stylet penetration behavior

Tung Tree(Vernicia fordii) Genome Provides A Resource for Understanding Genome Evolution and Improved Oil Production

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2019年第6期17卷 558-575页

作者： Lin Zhang Meilan Liu Hongxu Long Wei Dong Asher Pasha Eddi Esteban Wenying Li Xiaoming Yang Ze Li Aixia Song Duo Ran Guang Zhao Yanling Zeng Hao Chen Ming Zou Jingjing Li Fan Liang Meili Xie Jiang Hu Depeng Wang Heping Cao Nicholas J.Provart Liangsheng Zhang Xiaofeng Tan Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees Ministry of EducationCentral South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration College of ForestryCentral South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Department of Cell and Systems Biology/Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3B2Canada State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems BiologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Nextomics Biosciences Co. Wuhan 430073China Oil Crop research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceSouthern Regional Research CenterNew OrleansLA 70124USA

Tung tree(Vernicia fordii) is an economically important woody oil plant that produces tung oil rich in eleostearic acid. Here, we report a high-quality chromosome-scale genome sequence of tung tree. The genome sequence was assembled by combining Illumina short reads, Pacific Biosciences single-molecule real-time long reads, and Hi-C sequencing data. The size of tung tree genome is 1.12 Gb, with 28,422 predicted genes and over 73% repeat sequences. The V. fordii underwent an ancient genome triplication event shared by core eudicots but no further wholegenome duplication in the subsequent ca. 34.55 million years of evolutionary history of the tung tree lineage. Insertion time analysis revealed that repeat-driven genome expansion might have arisen as a result of long-standing long terminal repeat retrotransposon bursts and lack of efficient DNA deletion mechanisms. The genome harbors 88 resistance genes encoding nucleotide-binding sites;17 of these genes may be involved in early-infection stage of Fusarium wilt resistance. Further, 651 oil-related genes were identified, 88 of which are predicted to be directly involved in tung oil biosynthesis. Relatively few phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase genes, and synergistic effects between transcription factors and oil biosynthesis-related genes might contribute to the high oil content of tung seed. The tung tree genome constitutes a valuable resource for understanding genome evolution, as well as for molecular breeding and genetic improvements for oil production.

关键词： Tung tree genome Tung oil Genome evolution Electronic fluorescent pictographic browser Oil biosynthesis

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Gibberellic acid induced parthenocarpic‘Honeycrisp’apples(Malus domestica)exhibit reduced ovary width and lower acidity

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Horticulture research 2019年第1期6卷 1129-1141页

作者： Kelsey D.Galimba Daniel G.Bullock Chris Dardick Zhongchi Liu Ann M.Callahan Appalachian Fruit research Station Agricultural Research ServiceUnited States Department of Agriculture2217 Wiltshire RoadKearneysvilleWV 25430USA Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics College of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

Fruit set and development are dependent on auxin,gibberellin,and cytokinin,which cause parthenocarpic development in many species when applied *** sprays containing these hormones are used to improve apple fruit set,size,and shape,but have been implicated negatively in other aspects of fruit *** applied gibberellic acid(GA_(3)),synthetic auxin(NAA),and the auxin-transport inhibitor NPA to‘Honeycrisp’apple *** retention and size were quantified throughout development,and seed number and fruit quality parameters were measured at ***_(3)alone caused the development of seedless parthenocarpic *** maturity,GA_(3)-treated apples were narrower due to reduced ovary width,indicating that GA_(3)induced normal growth of the hypanthium,but not the ***_(3)-treated fruits were also less acidic than hand-pollinated controls,but had similar firmness,starch,and sugar *** further understand the regulation of parthenocarpy,we performed tissue-specific transcriptome analysis on GA_(3)-treated,NAA-treated,and control fruits,at 18 days after treatment and again at ***,transcriptome analysis showed GA_(3)-treated and hand-pollinated fruits were highly similar in RNA expression *** expression differences in putative cell division,cytokinin degradation,and cell wall modification genes in GA_(3)-treated ovaries correlated with the observed shape differences,while early expression differences in the acidity gene Ma1 may be responsible for the changes in *** together,our results indicate that GA_(3)triggers the development of parthenocarpic apple fruit with morphological deviations that correlate with a number of candidate gene expression differences.

关键词： maturity width acidity

Examining effective use of data sources and modeling algorithms for improving biomass estimation in a moist tropical forest of the Brazilian Amazon

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第10期10卷 996-1016页

作者： Yunyun Feng Dengsheng Lu Qi Chena Michael Keller Emilio Moran Maiza Nara dos-Santos Edson Luis Bolfe Mateus Batistella The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Environmental&Resource SciencesZhejiang Agriculture and Forestry UniversityLin AnPeople’s Republic of China Center for Global Change and Earth Observations Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA Department of Geography University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHIUSA Brazilian agricultural research Corporation–Embrapa Informática Agropecuária CampinasBrazil USDA Forest service International Institute of Tropical ForestryRio PiedrasPRUSA Brazilian agricultural research Corporation–Embrapa Secretariat of Intelligence and Macro StrategyBrasíliaBrazil Brazilian agricultural research Corporation(Embrapa) BrasíliaBrazil

Previous research has explored the potential to integrate lidar and optical data in aboveground biomass(AGB)estimation,but how different data sources,vegetation types,and modeling algorithms influence AGB estimation is poorly *** research conducts a comparative analysis of different data sources and modeling approaches in improving AGB ***-based spectral responses and textures,lidar-derived metrics,and their combination were used to develop AGB estimation *** results indicated that(1)overall,RapidEye data are not suitable for AGB estimation,but when AGB falls within 50–150 Mg/ha,support vector regression based on stratification of vegetation types provided good AGB estimation;(2)Lidar data provided stable and better estimations than RapidEye data;and stratification of vegetation types cannot improve estimation;(3)The combination of lidar and RapidEye data cannot provide better performance than lidar data alone;(4)AGB ranges affect the selection of the best AGB models,and a combination of different estimation results from the best model for each AGB range can improve AGB estimation;(5)This research implies that an optimal procedure for AGB estimation for a specific study exists,depending on the careful selection of data sources,modeling algorithms,forest types,and AGB ranges.

关键词： Lidar RapidEye aboveground biomass moist tropical forest support vector regression random forest linear regression stratification

Preparation of slow-release regulated Rs-198 bilayer microcapsules and application of its lyophilized bacterial inoculant on Capsicum annuum *** salt stress

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Particuology 2023年第8期79卷 54-63页

作者： Shuangxi Zhu Yanhui He Jiawei Dong Yujia Dong Chun Li Zhansheng Wu Yimeng Lu Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringXi'an Polytechnic UniversityXi'an710048China Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

The survival adaptation of bacteria in saline soil is *** bilayer microcapsules were prepared by secondary embedding of monolayer sodium alginate(NaAlg)-bentonite(Bent)-sodium carboxy-methylcellulose(CMC)microcapsules wrapped with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)Pseudomonas putida Rs-198 by chitosan solution to promote the synergistic effect of bilayer microen-capsulation and *** characterization of the Rs-198 bilayer microcapsules showed that the amino and carboxyl groups were cross-linked and a thin layer of chitosan was formed on the outside of the *** bilayer microcapsule(Ch-d)with a chitosan concentration of 0.8 wt%and pH 6 showed a slow release of bacteria with a maximum release of 6.06 × 10^(9) cfu/g on the 7th *** viable bacteria of Ch-d increased by 4.42%after 60 days of storage compared with monolayer *** 0.9 wt%L-cysteine,10 wt%glycerinum,10 wt%trehalose and 12 wt%soluble starch were added as bacterial protective agents during the process of preparing the Ch-d lyophilized bacterial inoculant(Ch-d LBI).Pot experiments showed that Ch-d LBI exhibited better growth promotion of Capsicum annuum *** salt ***,the bilayer microcapsule as slow-release bacterial inoculant is a potential alternative for sustainable agriculture.

关键词： Pseudomonas putida Rs-198 Bilayer microcapsules Chitosan solution Lyophilized bacterial inoculant

R2R3-MYB transcription factors, StmiR858 and sucrose mediate potato flavonol biosynthesis

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Horticulture research 2021年第1期8卷 378-390页

作者： Sen Lin Rajesh K.Singh Moehninsi Duroy A.Navarre Irrigated Agriculture research and Extension Center Washington State UniversityProsserWAUSA USDA-agricultural research service ProsserWAUSA Present address:Department of Biotechnology CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampurHimachal Pradesh 176061India

Flavonols and other phenylpropanoids protect plants from biotic and abiotic stress and are dietarily desirable because of their health-promoting *** ability to develop new potatoes(Solanum tuberosum)with optimal types and amounts of phenylpropanoids is limited by lack of knowledge about the regulatory *** sucrose increased flavonols,whereas overexpression of the MYB StAN1 induced sucrolytic gene *** StAN1 protein bound promoter fragments from sucrolytic genes(SUSY1 and INV1).Two additional MYBs and one microRNA were identified that regulated potato *** analysis showed MYB12A and C increased amounts of flavonols and other *** flavonol amounts in light-exposed organs were much higher those in the *** levels of StMYB12A and C were high in flowers but low in *** overexpression of miR858 altered potato flavonol *** StmiR858 expression was much lower in flowers than leaves and correlated with flavonol amounts in these ***,these findings support the hypothesis that sucrose,MYBs,and miRNA control potato phenylpropanoid metabolism in a finely tuned manner that includes a feedback loop between sucrose and *** findings will aid in the development of potatoes with phenylpropanoid profiles optimized for crop performance and human health.

关键词： properties. finding media