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Overexpression of the apple expansin-like gene MdEXLB1 accelerates the softening of fruit texture in tomato

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第12期21卷 3578-3588页

作者： CHEN Yan-hui XIE Bin AN Xiu-hong MA ren-peng ZHAO de-ying CHENG Cun-gang LI En-mao ZHOU Jiang-tao KANG Guo-dong ZHANG Yan-zhen key Laboratory of Mineral Nutrition and Efficient Fertilization for deciduous Fruits Liaoning Province/Key Laboratory of Fruit Germplasm Resources UtilizationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Afffairs/Institute of PomologyChinese Academy of Agricultrual SciencesXingcheng 125100P.R.China national Engineering research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Areas/Mountainous Area research Institute Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001P.R.China

Fruit firmness is an important quality trait of apple fruit texture,and the pre-harvest ripening period is the key period for the formation of apple fruit *** is a cell wall loosing protein family that has four subfamilies:α-expansin(EXPA),β-expansin(EXPB),expansin-like A(EXLA),and expansin-like B(EXLB).In this study,we investigated the key period of pre-harvest texture formation in‘Golden delicious’apples based on fruit longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,firmness,tissue structure,respiration intensity,ethylene release rate,and expansin *** the 10 days before harvest,the fruit was found to reach ***-quantitative rT-PCr revealed that most of the expansins were expressed at the ripening stage before *** biological function of the EXLB subfamily gene,MdEXLB1,was further identified,and its subcellular localization on the cell wall was confirmed by transient transformation *** with the wild type(WT),the transgenic tomato lines overexpressing MdEXLB1 had lower plant height,earlier fruiting period,fewer days for fruit ripening,higher fruit maturity,lower fruit firmness,higher fruit expansin activity,more discrete flesh cell structure,and accelerated fruit ripening ***,this is the first study to propose that the apple EXLB subfamily gene,MdEXLB1,has biological functions and plays an important role in promoting fruit ripening and softening.

关键词： fruit firmness expansin apple transgenic tomato

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Centralized-local PV voltage control considering opportunity constraint of short-term fluctuation

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Global Energy Interconnection 2023年第1期6卷 81-91页

作者： Hanshen Li Wenxia Liu Lu Yu State key Laboratory of New Energy Power System North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206P.R.China State Grid Jilin Electric Power Co. Ltd.Economic and Technological Research InstituteChangchun 130022P.R.China

This study proposes a two-stage photovoltaic(PV)voltage control strategy for centralized control that ignores short-term load *** the first stage,a deterministic power flow model optimizes the 15-minute active cycle of the inverter and reactive outputs to reduce network loss and light *** the second stage,the local control stabilizes the fluctuations and tracks the system state of the first *** uncertain interval model establishes a chance constraint model for the inverter voltage-reactive power local ***-order cone optimization and sensitivity theories were employed to solve the *** effectiveness of the model was confirmed using a modified IEEE 33 bus *** intraday control outcome for distributed power generation considering the effects of fluctuation uncertainty,PV penetration rate,and inverter capacity is analyzed.

关键词： AdN Inverter control Short-term volatility Chance constraint optimization Centralized-local control

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Superhydrophobic Purple Orchid Leaves:Variation in Surface Morphology during the Vegetation Stages Leading to diversity in Wettability

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第6期20卷 2774-2785页

作者： Longsheng Lu Guoxiang Jiang Kaikai Li Yingxi Xie Jiao Gao School of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou511442China

Learning hydrophobic phenomena from nature is always a promising approach to design the superhydrophobic *** orchid leaf which processes superhydrophobicity is an ideal plant model,and through mimicking its structure,the surface with excellent hydrophobicity is able to be ***,the unclear of the diversity in wettability during the different vegetation stages and the absence of its relation to the surface morphology limits the further enhancement of the inspired ***,we analyze the wettability difference as the leaf grows from tender to mature and then to *** with the variation of surface morphology and chemical composition,the well-developed micro-scale basic unit bumps with dense nano-scale waxy layer on the surface are proven to be responsible for the best hydrophobicity of the mature *** presence of the undeveloped or damaged micro-nano hierarchical structure reduces the formation of air pockets at the interface,leading to the decrease of the wettability for leaves at other ***,by fabricating artificial leaves,the nano-waxy layer is proved to be more effective than that of the micro-bumps on the surface *** results of study are of a great significance for guiding the design and fabrication of plant-inspired bionic superhydrophobic surface.

关键词： Superhydrophobicity Surface morphology Micro-nano hierarchical structure Purple orchid leaf Bionic

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Analysis of Seed Phenotypic and Metabolic Characteristics of diploid and Tetraploid Tartary Buckwheat

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第9期91卷 1973-1986页

作者： Xiaodong Shi Cong Wang Wenjian Li Hanlei Xiao Yanjie Li Bei Niu key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSchool of Food and Biological EngineeringChengdu UniversityChengdu610106China School of Preclinical Medicine Chengdu UniversityChengdu610106China

Polyploid plants grow well,are stress tolerant,and are rich in nutrients and bioactive ***,they are useful for improving crop quality and *** this study,we compared the seed characteristics and metabolite profiles of diploid and tetraploid tartary buckwheat,which was developed via an artificially induced chromosome doubling *** length,width,area,and thousand-grain weight were greater for the tetraploid seeds than for the diploid ***,the germination rate decreased for the tetraploid ***,there was a gap between the shell and kernel of the tetraploid ***,the water absorption rate was higher for the tetraploid than for the diploid *** doubling increased the seed total flavonoid content and deepened the seed color.A principal component analysis of the ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry data revealed the clear separation between the diploid and tetraploid *** orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis and other multivariate statistical analyses identified 83 differentially abundant compounds,with most of the flavonoid metabolites more abundant in the tetraploid than in the diploid *** on tartary buckwheat polyploidy may result in enhanced germplasm resources and may clarify the mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds.

关键词： Tartary buckwheat diploid tetraploid seed

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The power of“controllers”:Transposon-mediated duplicated genes evolve towards neofunctionalization

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第7期50卷 462-472页

作者： Huijing Ma Mengxia Wang Yong E.Zhang Shengjun Tan key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution&State key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Chinese Institute for Brain research Beijing 102206China

Since the discovery of the first transposon by *** McClintock,the prevalence and diversity of transposable elements(TEs)have been gradually *** fundamental genetic components,TEs drive organismal evolution not only by contributing functional sequences(e.g.,regulatory elements or“controllers”as phrased by ***)but also by shuffling genomic *** the latter respect,TE-mediated gene duplications have contributed to the origination of new genes and attracted extensive *** response to the development of this field,we herein attempt to provide an overview of TEmediated duplication by focusing on common rules emerging across duplications generated by different TE ***,despite the huge divergence of transposition machinery across TEs,we identify three common features of various TE-mediated duplication mechanisms,including end bypass,template switching,and recurrent *** three features lead to one common functional outcome,namely,TE-mediated duplicates tend to be subjected to exon shuffling and ***,the intrinsic properties of the mutational mechanism constrain the evolutionary trajectories of these *** finally discuss the future of this field including an in-depth characterization of both the duplication mechanisms and functions of TE-mediated duplicates.

关键词： Transposable elements Gene duplication New gene origination End bypass Template switching Exon shuffling Neofunctionalization Mutational constraint

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Impacts of greenhouse gases and anthropogenic aerosols changes on surface air temperature in East Asia under different post-pandemic period emission scenarios

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Advances in Climate Change research 2022年第6期13卷 884-895页

作者： Jing-Yi HE Bing XIE Hua ZHANG Xiao-Chao YU State key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Climate Studies key Laboratory National Climate CentreChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

In order to know how surface air temperature(SAT)changes in East Asia under different emission scenarios after the COVId-19 outbreak,we investigated the impacts of greenhouse gases(GHGs)and anthropogenic aerosols changes on SAT in East Asia by using the aerosol-climate coupled model BCC-AGCM 2.0_CUACE/Aero,combining with the post-pandemic emission scenarios proposed by Covid multi-Earth system model intercomparison project(CovidMIP scenarios for short,including fossil-fueled recovery,moderate green stimulus,strong green stimulus,hereinafter as FFF,MGG,SGG,respectively).We assessed the impacts of changes in GHGs and anthropogenic aerosols together and separately on SAT in East Asia and its typical subregions during *** results show that by mid-21st-century,SAT in East Asia will increase by 0.81±0.083°C under Baseline(same as SSP2-4.5 scenario,i.e.,SAT difference between 2045-2050 and 2020-2025),and there will be more intense warming in all the three scenarios in East Asia,in which the largest SAT difference(SAT-d)compared to Baseline is 0.33±0.11°C under SGG and the smallest SAT-d is 0.07±0.14°C under *** further explore the mechanism of these SAT-d,we analyzed the trend of surface longwave and shortwave net radiation flux driven by GHGs and anthropogenic aerosols *** is found that in early period(2020-2035),the role of aerosol changes is bigger than that of GHG changes in dominating SAT-d,particularly sulfate,whose reduction will become the main contributor to SAT-d by affecting the net solar flux at *** later period(2036-2050),because of GHGs’longer atmospheric lifetime than aerosols,the role of decreasing GHGs concentrations will determine the drop in SAT-d through affecting the net longwave flux at surface.

关键词： Surface air temperature Greenhouse gases Anthropogenic aerosols Covid MIP scenarios East Asia

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rapid damage Prediction and risk Assessment for Tropical Cyclones at a Fine Grid in Guangdong Province,South china

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International Journal of disaster risk Science 2023年第2期14卷 237-252页

作者： Yazhou Ning Xianwei Wang Qi Yu du Liang Jianqing Zhai School of Geography and planning Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China Guangdong Provincial Engineering research Center for Public Security and disasters Guangzhou510275China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai519082China national Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China

rapid damage prediction for wind disasters is significant in emergency response and disaster mitigation,although it faces many *** this study,a 1-km grid of wind speeds was simulated by the Holland model using the 6-h interval records of maximum wind speed(MWS) for tropical cyclones(TC) from 1949 to 2020 in South *** MWS during a TC transit was used to build damage rate curves for affected population and direct economic *** results show that the Holland model can efficiently simulate the grid-level MWS,which is comparable to the ground observations with r2 of0.71 to 0.93 and mean absolute errors(MAEs) of 3.3 to 7.5 m/*** estimated damage rates were in good agreement with the reported values with r^(2)=0.69-0.87 for affected population and r^(2)=0.65-0.84 for GdP *** coastal areas and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area have the greatest risk of wind disasters,mainly due to the region’s high density of population and developed *** proposed method is suitable for rapid damage prediction and supporting emergency response and risk assessment at the community level for TCs in the coastal areas of china.

关键词： damage prediction Holland model risk assessment South china Tropical cyclones Wind disasters

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Molecular characterization and expression patterns of nuclear androgen receptors in the ovoviviparous black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第5期7卷 454-461页

作者： Shaojing Yan Jiahui Chen Likang Lyu Xiaojie Wang Yijia Yao Haishen Wen Xin Qi key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao266110China

nArs are ligand-activated transcription factors associated with gonadal development and reproductive *** this study,two nuclear androgen receptor genes(ara and arb)were cloned from an ovoviviparous teleost,black rockfish(Sebastes schlegelii).The phylogenetic analysis of nArs showed that nArαand nArβclustered into teleost nArαand nArβ,respectively,but differed from the nArs of *** module domains of the nuclear receptor superfamily are present in the black rockfish nArs,an N-terminal domain(NTd),a dNA-binding domain(dBd),a hinge region(Hr)and a ligand-binding domain(LBd).Among the four domains,only the dBd and LBd of nArαand nArβare relatively *** distribution analysis revealed that ara was mainly expressed in the gonad,muscle,intestine and kidney in males and in female,while arb was mainly detected in the gonad,followed by the intestine,kidney and head *** the gonadal development process,the expression levels of ara and arb were significantly decreased from the regenerating to late stages of spermatogenesis and significantly increased in the degeneration stage in the testis(Pry,the expression levels of ara and arb were not significantly different in different *** situ hybridization revealed that in black rockfish,both ara and arb transcripts were localized to the Sertoli cells of the testis in black *** general,the present study is the first to characterize and analyse the expression of nuclear androgen receptors,including ara and arb,in black rockfish.

关键词： Androgen receptor Gene cloning Tissue expression In situ hybridization Sebastes schlegelii

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Unraveling the influence of interface defects on antimony trisulfide solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第3期78卷 262-267,I0008页

作者： Hongyi Chen Cheng Wang Shaoying Wang ruiming Li Yan Zeng Zhe Li Zhengwei Ou Qianqian Lin Jianmin Li Ti Wang Hongxing Xu School of Physics and Technology and Key Laboratory of Artiﬁcial Micro-and Nano-structures of Ministry of EducationWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology Wuhan 430206HubeiChina School of Microelectronics Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina

Antimony trisulfide(Sb_(2)S_(3)) solar cells suffer from large open circuit voltage deficits due to their intrinsic defects which limit the power conversion ***,it is important to elucidate these defects’ origin and defects at the ***,we discover that sulfide radical defects have a significant impact on the performance of Sb_(2)S_(3)solar ***,it has been illustrated that these defects at the CdS/Sb_(2)S_(3)interface can be reduced by optimizing the deposition process.A trap distribution model is used to quantify the defect density at the CdS/Sb_(2)S_(3)*** shows that the interface defects can be reduced by24% by improving the deposition *** work reveals the importance of interface defects and guides the future optimization of Sb_(2)S_(3)solar cells.

关键词： Antimony trisulﬁde Interface defect Transient absorption spectroscopy

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Integrated planning of an Active distribution Network and dG Integration in Clusters Considering a Novel Formulation for reliability Assessment

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第2期9卷 561-576页

作者： di Hu Lei Sun Ming ding School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Anhui Provincial Laboratory of renewable Energy Utilization and Energy Saving Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China

The concept of dG clusters is introduced with highly penetrated integration of distributed generation(dG)into active distribution networks(AdNs).dG clusters are referred to as parts of an AdN,including dGs,distribution lines and *** formation of dG clusters helps to optimally dispatch dG outputs within *** this regard,an integrated planning strategy of AdNs and dGs in cluster(IPNdGC)is *** order to guarantee that the planning strategy meets the reliability requirements,a reliability assessment is considered in the proposed ***,reliability assessment is generally accomplished according to a fixed network topology and known dG allocation,which makes it difficult to integrate reliability into planning *** deal with this difficulty,a novel formulation method for reliability assessment is proposed considering the network topology uncertainties and isolated operating probabilities of dG *** reliability index(rI)represented by expected customer interruption cost(ECOST)is employed in the proposed planning *** planning model is formulated as a mixed integer second order conic programming planning *** actual distribution system is employed to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed planning model.

关键词： dG cluster distribution network planning reliability

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