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Composition analysis and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from leaves of Laurus nobilis grown in Oman

Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第4期7卷 328-334页

作者： Siham Saleh Al-Abri Sadri Abdullah Said Salem Said Al Touby Mohammed Amzad Hossain Jamal Nasser Al-Sabahi School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy and NursingUniversity of NizwaPB 33PO 616NizwaNizwa 616Oman School of Nursing College of Pharmacy and NursingUniversity of NizwaNizwa 616Oman Central Instrument Laboratory College of Agriculture and Marine SciencesSultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat 123Oman

Traditionally,Laurus nobilis is used for the treatment of earaches and skin rashes as well as *** most common technique to isolate the oil is hydro-distillation and *** investigation presented in this paper was aimed to unravel the antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of essential oil in the leaves of *** grown in *** essential oil was extracted from the leave of the selected plant species by hydro distillation using Clevenger type *** antimicrobial assay was done by disc diffusion methods against three bac-terial strains,Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli,and one fungal strain:Candida *** isolated essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The percentage yield of the essential oil was 0.064%(w/w).The essen-tial oil was found actively against the applied bacterial and fungal *** highest activity was found against *** and the lowest was against ***,and the order was ***>***>*** essential oil was also active against the fungus *** range of inhibition zones was 6-14 *** results of GC-MS analysis showed(E)-𝛽-caryophyllene to be the major component about 59.62%.Other major components included𝛼-selinene(14.03%),𝛼-humulene(8.65%),𝛽-selinene(4.99%),and𝛼-pinene(4.98%).In addition,several minor com-ponents were found in the essential oil of *** on the experimental results,it showed that the plant species that grown in Oman were a potential source of therapeutic *** con-clusion,the essential oil and the plant could be used as natural and potential therapeutic agents to treat earaches,skin rashes,and rheumatism.

关键词： Laurus nobilis Clevenger apparatus Essential oil Antimicrobial activity Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)

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Influence of soil physicochemical properties,particle size fractions and mineralogy on the leaching potentials of arsenic and antimony in abandoned mine soils

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Pedosphere 2023年第5期33卷 744-753页

作者： A.S.M.Fazle BARI Dane LAMB Geoff R.MACFARLANE Mohammad Mahmudur RAHMAN Global Centre for Environmental Remediation(GCER) College of EngineeringScience and EnvironmentThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Department of Soil Science Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka 1207Bangladesh Chemical and Environmental Engineering School of EngineeringRMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria 3000Australia School of Environmental and Life Sciences The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia

At abandoned mine sites,arsenic(As)-and antimony(Sb)-enriched soils are often disposed of through onsite burial or *** highly weathered mine sites,the mobility of As and Sb is typically controlled by iron(Fe)(III)/Fe(II)phases;thus,the suitability of such disposal methods and appropriate testing techniques are *** the present study,leaching potentials of As and Sb were examined using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure(TCLP),waste extraction test(WET),and WET-extended procedure(WET-EXT)at three abandoned mine site soils in *** leached concentration of As regularly exceeded USEPA criteria(5 mg L^(-1)).The highest leached concentrations of As and Sb were observed in the finest particle size fraction(<0.053 mm)by WET-EXT(1040 mg L^(-1)for As and 21.10 mg L^(-1)for Sb)followed by WET(800 mg L^(-1)for As and 20.90 mg L^(-1)for Sb).The TCLP method resulted in the lowest concentrations of leached As(0.0009 mg L^(-1))and Sb(0.0003 mg L^(-1)).Crystalline and amorphous As-bearing Fe oxides were the main phases in the soils ***,the best correlations of leached As determined by TCLP(0.832),WET(0.944),and WET-EXT(0.961)were found with the non-specifically sorbed(NS1)As *** mineralogical and sequential extraction data clearly indicate the dominant role of Fe geochemistry in controlling leachability of As and *** TCLP method was unlikely to be suitable for assessing leachability,as it exhibited no relationship with leachable Fe and substantially lower leached As and Sb than the other two *** the high to extremely high leachable As and Sb concentrations,most of the soil samples would not be recommended for placement in capping works,old shafts,or reduction systems(e.g.,collection in drainage basins).

关键词： particle size fraction sequential extraction toxic element toxicity characteristic leaching procedure waste extraction test

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Characterization of antioxidant and antibacterial compounds from aerial parts of Haplophyllum tuberculatum

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第1期7卷 52-62页

作者： Salma Salim Al-Saeghi Mohammad Amzad Hossain Salem Said Jaroof Al-Touby School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy and NursingUniversity of NizwaP.O.Box 33Postal Code 616NizwaOman School of Nursing College of Pharmacy and NursingUniversity of NizwaP.O.Box 33Postal Code 616NizwaOman

The aerial parts of Haplophyllum tuberculatum(***)have traditionally been used by local communities to treat fever,gastrointestinal disorders,worms,malaria and fractures,how-ever,the responsible ingredients of the selected medicinal plant have not been *** the present study,antibacterial and antioxidant ingredients were isolated and characterized from the plant parts of locally grown ***,and their biological activity was *** powder aerial parts were extracted with methanol and the extract was successively frac-tionated with different polarities of *** polarities of extracts(hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate,butanol,methanol and water)were used to determine their antibacterial and antioxi-dant activity by established in-vitro *** disk diffusion and free radical scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)methods were used to evaluate antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the prepared extracts and pure isolated compounds at different concentrations against three strains of Gram-positive and three Gram-negative *** antibacterial activity results showed that all prepared fractions and isolated pure compounds of the plant species gave signif-icant activity against all Gram(+and-)bacterial strains with the range of inhibition 0-20 *** antioxidant activity of the prepared extracts at all concentrations also showed substantial *** on the highest activity,ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts were selected for the separation and isolation of antioxidant and antibacterial compounds by thin layer chromatogra-phy(TLC),column chromatography(CC),and preparative thin layer chromatography(PTLIC).The structure of the isolated antioxidant and antibacterial compounds from the ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts were determined on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and mass *** isolated pure compounds and active extracts could be used as a medicine for various infectious related di

关键词： H.tuberculatum Soxhlet extraction Antioxidant activity Antibacterial activity Chromatography Pure compound

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Comparative phytochemical,thin layer chromatographic profiling and antioxidant activity of extracts from some Indian herbal drugs

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第2期7卷 46-52页

作者： Md Sohail Akhtar Mohamed Rafiullah Wegdan Aly Shehata Amzad Hossain Mohammed Ali School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy and NursingUniversity of NizwaNizwaOman Phytochemistry Research Laboratory Department of Pharmacognosy and PhytochemistryFaculty of PharmacyJamia HamdardNew DelhiIndia Strategic Center for Diabetes Research College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Natural antioxidants play a significant role to prevent cell breaking and regenerate *** plants native to India named dwarf morning-glory(Evolvulus alsinoides),Indian banyan(Ficus bengalensis)and chicory(Chicorium intybus)are used as medicine in India traditionally to treat *** aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the antioxidant activity as well as to compare phytochemical profiles of the aqueous extracts of the selected three *** dried plant powder was extracted with ethanol individually by using the Soxhlet method for eight hours and the solvent was evaporated under reduced ***,the air-dried powder was ex-tracted with water,and the water was *** thin layer chromatography(TLC)profile of the extracts was determined by using TLC densitometer and the antioxidant activity was deter-mined by the conventional 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)*** TLC profile shows that there are no similarities of retention factor(R f)values among the plant extracts which means all three plants contain different chemical *** antioxidant activities of the aqueous extracts at different concentrations show different antioxidant *** inhibition is dose dependent,as doses are increasing then percentage inhibition is also increasing for all three plant *** the selected plants,the highest activity was found in *** and the lowest was in *** order of the antioxidant activity among the selected plants was ***<***<*** on the TLC profile and antioxidant activities,the highest activity of the selected plant species was evaluated.

关键词： Indian drug Thin layer chromatography(TLC)profile Plant extract Antioxidant activity

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The interaction mechanisms of co-existing polybrominated diphenyl ethers and engineered nanoparticles in environmental waters: A critical review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 227-252页

作者： Anwar Ul Haq Khan Ravi Naidu Raja Dharmarajan Cheng Fang Hokyong Shon Zhaomin Dong Yanju Liu Global Centre for Environmental Remediation(GCER) College of Engineering Science and EnvironmentThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment(CRC CARE) ATC BuildingThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney(UTS)City CampusBroadwayNSW 2007Australia School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijging 100191China

This review focuses on the occurrence and interactions of engineered nanoparticles(ENPs)and brominated flame retardants(BFRs)such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)in water systems and the generation of highly complex compounds in the *** release of ENPs and BFRs(***)to aquatic environments during their usage and disposal are summarised together with their key interaction *** major interaction mechanisms including electrostatic,van derWaals,hydrophobic,molecular bridging and steric,hydrogen andπ-bonding,cation bridging and ligand exchange were *** presence of ENPs could influence the fate and behaviour of PBDEs through the interactions as well as induced reactions under certain conditions which increases the formation of complex *** interaction leads to alteration of behaviour for PBDEs and their toxic effects to ecological *** intermingled compound(ENPs-BFRs)would show different behaviour from the parental ENPs or BFRs,which are currently lack of *** review provided insights on the interactions of ENPs and BFRs in artificial,environmental water systems and wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),which are important for a comprehensive risk assessment.

关键词： Engineered nanoparticles(ENPs) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) Emerging contaminants(ECs) Interaction mechanisms

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Automatic and Robust Segmentation of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions with Convolutional Neural Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第1期66卷 977-991页

作者： H.M.Rehan Afzal Suhuai Luo Saadallah Ramadan Jeannette Lechner-Scott Mohammad Ruhul Amin Jiaming Li M.Kamran Afzal M.Kamran Afzal School of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute New Lambton HeightsNSW 2305Australia Department of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNew Lambton HeightsNSW 2305Australia CSIRO Data61 MarsfieldNSW 2122Australia School of Computer Science and Technology Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China

The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis(MS)is based on accurate detection of lesions on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)which also provides ongoing essential information about the progression and status of the *** detection of lesions is very time consuming and lacks *** of the lesions are difficult to detect manually,especially within the grey *** paper proposes a novel and fully automated convolution neural network(CNN)approach to segment *** proposed system consists of two 2D patchwise CNNs which can segment lesions more accurately and *** first CNN network is implemented to segment lesions accurately,and the second network aims to reduce the false positives to increase *** system consists of two parallel convolutional pathways,where one pathway is concatenated to the second and at the end,the fully connected layer is replaced with *** routine MRI sequences T1-w,T2-w and FLAIR are used as input to the CNN,where FLAIR is used for segmentation because most lesions on MRI appear as bright regions and T1-w&T2-w are used to reduce MRI *** evaluated the proposed system on two challenge datasets that are publicly available from MICCAI and *** and qualitative evaluation has been performed with various metrics like false positive rate(FPR),true positive rate(TPR)and dice similarities,and were compared to current state-of-the-art *** proposed method shows consistent higher precision and sensitivity than other *** proposed method can accurately and robustly segment MS lesions from images produced by different MRI scanners,with a precision up to 90%.

关键词： Multiple sclerosis lesion segmentation automatic segmentation CNN automated tool lesion detection

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Functional Characterization and RNAi-Mediated Suppression Reveals Roles for Hexose Transporters in Sugar Accumulation by Tomato Fruit

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Molecular Plant 2010年第6期3卷 1049-1063页

作者： David W. McCurdy Stephen Dibley Ricky Cahyanegara Antony Martin John W. Patrick School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia

Hexoses accumulate to high concentrations （-200 mM） in storage parenchyma cells of tomato fruit. Hexoses are sourced from the fruit apoplasm as hydrolysis products of phloem-imported sucrose. Three hexose transporters （LeHT1, LeHT2, LeHT3）, expressed in fruit storage parenchyma ceils, may contribute to hexose uptake by these cells. An analysis of their full-length sequences demonstrated that all three transporters belong to the STP subfamily of monosaccharide transporters that localize to plasma membranes. Heterologous expression of LeHT1 （and previously LeHT2, Gear et al., 2000）, but not LeHT3, rescued a hexose transportimpaired yeast mutant when raised on glucose or fructose as the sole carbon source. Biochemically, LeHT1, similarly to LeHT2, exhibited transport properties consistent with a high- affinity glucose/H^＋ symporter. Significantly, LeHT1 and LeHT2 also functioned as low-affinity fructose/H^＋ symporters with apparent Km values commensurate with those of fruit tissues. A substantial reduction （80-90%） in fruit expression levels of all LeHT genes by RNAi-mediated knockdown caused a 55% decrease in fruit hexose accumulation. In contrast, photoassimilate production by source leaves and phloem transport capacity to fruit were unaffected by transporter knockdown. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that LeHTs play key roles in driving accumulation of hexoses into storage parenchyma cells during tomato fruit development.

关键词： Fruit hexose transporter sink tomato RNAi.

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Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant potential of different polarities stem crude extracts by different extraction methods of Adenium obesum

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014年第9期 699-703页

作者： Mohammad Amzad Hossain Tahiya Hilal Ali Alabri Amira Hamood Salim Al Musalami Md.Sohail Akhtar Sadri Said School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy and NursingUniversity of NizwaP.O.Box 33Postal Code 616NizwaSultanate of OmanOman

Objective:To select best extraction method for the isolated antioxidant compounds from the stems of Adenium ***:Two methods used for the extraction are Soxhlet and maceration *** solvent was used for both extraction *** methanol crude extract was defatted with water and extracted successively with hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate and butanol *** antioxidant potential for all crude extracts were determined by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl ***:The percentage of extraction yield by Soxhlet method is higher compared to maceration *** antioxidant potential for methanol and its derived fractions by Soxhlet extractor method was highest in ethyl acetate and lowest in hexane crude extracts and found in the order of ethyl acetate>butanol>water>chloroform>methanol>***,the antioxidant potential for methanol and its derived fractions by maceration method was highest in butanol and lowest in hexane followed in the order of butanol>methanol>chloroform>water>ethyl acetate>***:The results showed that isolate antioxidant compounds effected on the extraction method and condition of extraction.

关键词： Adenium obesum Extraction In vitro antioxidant potential DPPH UV-visible spectroscopy

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Organochlorine Contaminants in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) in Densely Populated Areas of South-Western Kenya

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2020年第4期9卷 153-161页

作者： Joseph Nyaundi Albert Getabu Job Mwamburi James Onchieku Zachary Kinaro George Ogendi Jared Babu Nicholas Gichuru Department of Research Kenya Marine&Fisheries Research InstituteKisumu 1881-40100Kenya Faculty of Agriculture&Natural Resource Management Kisii 40840-200Kenya School of Spatial Planning&Natural Resource Management Bondo210-40601Kenya

Concentrations of OCP(Organochlorine Pesticide)residues were determined in cultured Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)fish in target stations within 1st order wetland of River Kuja,Kenya,between February-November,*** aim was to assess the residue levels in wild and pond cultured fish within a heavily populated agricultural area of South Western *** samples were analysed for selected HCHs(Hexachlorocyclohexane)isomers,DDT(Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane)and metabolites and cyclodienes pesticide residues using GC-ECD(Gas Chromatography Equipped with Electron Capture Detector).Most of OCPs observed were BDL(Below Detection Limit)to detectable *** percentages(>50%)of DDTs and HCHs were BDL and exhibited consistency,with significant(p<0.05)differences in mean contamination levels in fish within the wetland,with average muscle tissue pesticides concentrate ranging between 0.229-2.541mg/kg for Nile *** dominant isomer in target species was Lindane(g-HCH)(3.417±0.983mg/kg)and *** Endosulfan sulfate was 2.499±0.071mg/kg *** most frequently detected,and Methoxychlor(2.235±1.459mg/kg),*** Aldrin and Dieldrin was 2.028 and 0.574mg/kg *** for DDT and its metabolites was 0.27-3.71mg/kg for p,p’-DDE(DichlorodiphenylDichloroEthene),BDL-1.098 for p,p’-DDD(DichloroDiphenylDichloroEthane),and 0.105-3.518mg/kg for p,p’-DDT with significant differences in mean values and ranges whose levels were below the WHO(World Health Organization)maximum acceptable thresholds of 0.2,2,20 and 5.0mg/kg in fish and sea *** and monitoring need up-scaling in minimizing public health risks posed by consumption and exposure.

关键词： OCPs Oreochromis niloticus Lake Victoria Basin residues GC pesticides

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