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finland is following the trend--sperm quality in Finnish men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 162-164,I0004页

作者： Helena E Virtanen Sergey Sadov Matti Vierula Jorma Toppari Departments of Physiology and Paediatrics University of Turku Turku FI-20520 Finland

Finnish men have had a reputation for good semen quality. This was based on semen studies comparing Finnish men with other Europeans. However, those studies also showed that sperm concentrations of young men from the general population were only two-thirds of those of fertile men. Longitudinal follow-up of semen quality in young Finnish men showed a sig- nificant decline during 1998-2006, suggesting that finland is following the global trend of impaired male reproductive health.

关键词： NORDIC-BALTIC AREA SEMEN QUALITY REGIONAL DIFFERENCES POPULATION FERTILITY COUNTS

Stratification of selected hydrolytic enzyme activities in the sediment in two lakes in finland

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2012年第2期27卷 250-258页

作者： Mika A.KHKNEN Risto HAKULINEN Department of Food and Environmental Sciences Division of MicrobiologyPOB 56Viikki BiocenterHelsinki UniversityFIN 00014Finland

To investigate the stratification of hydrolytic enzyme activities and importance of subsurface layers in depolymerization of detritus biopolymers,nine hydrolytic enzyme activities involved in the cycling of carbon,phosphorus,nitrogen and sulphur were measured in various sediment layers and their extracts at Kylaniemi in Lake Saimaa in southern finland and in Lake Ahvenjarvi in northern finland. The results show that for each lake all nine hydrolytic enzyme activities were higher in all sediment layers than in comparable sediment extracts indicating that the major part of enzymes was bound to the sediment particles in all layers in both ***,P-cellobiosidase,activities did not show any gradient with sediment depth at Kylaniemi in Lake Saimaa indicating that there was rapid turnover of carbohydrates in the entire sediment *** activities of acetate esterase,butyrate esterase,phosphomonoesterase,aminopeptidase,N-acetyl glucosaminidase,sulphatase andβ-glucosidase in the deepest layers were 19-53%of those in the surface sediment indicating that depolymerization of biopolymers involved in the cycling of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and sulphur was substantial in subsurface sediment.

关键词： Detritus Hydrolytic enzyme activities Lake sediment

The Variation of Microbial Communities in a Depth Profile of an Acidic,Nutrient-Poor Boreal Bog in Southwestern finland

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Open Journal of Ecology 2014年第13期4卷 832-859页

作者： Irina Tsitko Merja Lusa Jukka Lehto Lauri Parviainen Ari T.K.Ikonen Anne-Maj Lahdenpera Malin Bomberg VTT Technical Research Centre of finland EspooFinland Laboratory of Radiochemistry Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Posiva Oy OlkiluotoFinland Environmental Research and Assessment EnviroCase Ltd.PoriFinland Saanio&RiekkolaOy HelsinkiFinland

Natural bacterial communities impact the motility of isotopes, such as radionuclides, in the environment. As a result of post glacial crustal rebound radionuclides may escape the deep geological repository for spent nuclear fuel on Olkiluoto Island, finland, and reach surface environments. Lastensuo Bog, a 5300-year-old raised bog in southwestern finland, functions as analogue ecotope for bogs formed in Olkiluoto due to the crustal rebound. A core comprising the depth profile (0 - 7 m depth) of the bog including surface Sphagnum moss, peat and bottom clay was obtained using a stainless steel corer. High throughput sequencing was used to characterize the bacterial communities throughout the bog’s depth profile. A total of 12,680 bacterial Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) (97% sequence similarity) were detected comprising altogether 40 different bacterial phyla. Of these, 13 phyla were present at all depths, accounting for 97% - 99% of the whole bacterial community. The bacterial communities differed notably through the bog’s depth profile, dividing it into five distinct strata: 1) the Sphagnum moss layer;2) 0.5 - 3.7 m;3) 3.7 - 4.0 m;4) 5.5 - 6.0 m deep peat;5) the former seabed clay at 6.5 - 7.0 m depth. Acidobacteria, α- and γ-Proteobacteria dominated the surface community, but in the peat Acidobacteria contributed with up to 85% of the bacterial community. The estimated bacterial population density ranged between 2 × 109 and 5 × 1010 16S rRNA gene copies g-1 dry-weight peat. This study revealed that Lastensuo Bog had a highly diverse bacterial community. Most of the taxonomic groups belonged to thus far poorly characterized and uncultured bacteria with unknown physiological role. However, new insights into the distribution of bacterial taxa and their putative roles in organic carbon break down within the bog ecosystem have been obtained and an important baseline for further studies has been established.

关键词： Ombotrophic Bog Peat Sequencing Bacterial Community

Stabilized Nickel-Rich-Layered Oxide Electrodes for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 60-73页

作者： Zahra Ahaliabadeh Ville Miikkulainen Miia Mäntymäki Mattia Colalongo Seyedabolfazl Mousavihashemi Lide Yao Hua Jiang Jouko Lahtinen Timo Kankaanpää Tanja Kallio Department of Chemistry and Materials Science(CMAT) School of Chemical EngineeringAalto University02150 EspooFinland Department of Chemistry University of Helsinki00014 HelsinkiFinland Department of Applied Physics School of ScienceAalto University02150 EspooFinland Umicore finland Oy 67101 KokkolaFinland

This work made use of the Aalto University Otanano-Nanomicroscopy Center and RAMI *** support from Business finland NextGenBat[grant number 211849]is greatly *** tomography experiment was performed at the beamline ID16B of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility(ESRF),Grenoble,France,in the frame of proposal *** patent titled“Stabilized Positive Electrode Material to Enable High Energy and Power Density Lithium-Ion Batteries”(IPD3173)is pertinent to this *** was filed by Zahra Ahaliabadeh and Tanja Kallio,and the patent rights are held by Aalto University.

关键词： degradation mechanisms electrolyte decomposition hybrid coatings lithium-ion battery lithium-ion kinetics molecular layer deposition NMC811

Microstructure and thermal properties of dissimilar M300–CuCr1Zr alloys by multi-material laser-based powder bed fusion

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 118-128页

作者： Xiaoshuang Li Dmitry Sukhomlinov Zaiqing Que Aerosint SA B-4040 HerstalBelgium Aalto University Department of Chemical and Metallurgical EngineeringEspoo 02150Finland VTT Technical Research Centre of finland Espoo 02044Finland

Multi-material laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) allows manufacturing of parts with 3-dimensional gradient and additional functionality in a single step. This research focuses on the combination of thermally-conductive CuCr1Zr with hard M300 tool *** interface configurations of M300 on CuCr1Zr and CuCr1Zr on M300 were investigated. Ultra-fine grains form at the interface due to the low mutual solubility of Cu and steel. The material mixing zone size is dependent on the configurations and tunable in the range of0.1–0.3 mm by introducing a separate set of parameters for the interface layers. Microcracks and pores mainly occur in the transition *** of these defects, the thermal diffusivity of bimetallic parts with 50vol% of CuCr1Zr significantly increases by 70%–150%compared to pure M300. The thermal diffusivity of CuCr1Zr and the hardness of M300 steel can be enhanced simultaneously by applying the aging heat treatment.

关键词： multi-material additive manufacturing laser-based powder bed fusion thermal diffusivity dissimilar metals copper alloy

Novel uses of ensiled biomasses as feedstocks for green biorefineries

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 945-955页

作者： Marketta Rinne Natural Resources Institute finland(Luke) JokioinenFinland

Perennial forage plants are efficient utilizers of solar radiation and nutrients so that there is a lot of scope to increase the production of green biomass in many ***,grasses are mainly used as feeds for ruminants and equines,but there could be higher added value use for several components of the green *** in green biorefin-ing has risen recently motivated by the increased sustainability pressures and need to break the reliance on fossil *** products derived from grass,such as paper and packaging,nanofibers,animal bedding,novel protein feeds,extracted proteins,biochemicals,nutraceuticals,bioactive compounds,biogas and biochar could create new sustainable business opportunities in rural *** green biorefinery concepts focus on using fresh green biomass as the feedstock,but preservation of it by ensiling would provide several benefits such as all-year-around avail-ability of the feedstock and increased stability of the press juice and press *** major difference between fresh and ensiled grass is the conversion of water soluble carbohydrates into fermentation end products,mainly lactic and acetic acids,that lower the pH of the silage so that it becomes stable in anaerobic *** has some important consequences on the processability and quality of products,which are partly positive and partly negative,e.g.,degradation of protein into peptides,amino acids and *** aspects are discussed in this review.

关键词： Additive Fermentation Liquid-solid separation Protein Silage

Two decades of fire activity over the PEEX domain:a look from space,with contribution from models and ground-based measurements

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Big Earth Data 2024年第2期8卷 350-396页

作者： Larisa Sogacheva Timo H.Virtanen Anu-Maija Sundström Pekka Kolmonen Mikhail Sofiev Hanna K.Lappalainen Antti Arola Finnish Meteorological Institute Climate Research ProgrammeHelsinkiFinland Finnish Meteorological Institute Space and Earth Observation CentreHelsinkiFinland Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland

It has been suggested that forest fires will become more frequent/intense with changing climate,which would increase aerosol/gas emissions into the atmosphere.A better under-standing of the relations between meteorological conditions,fires,and fire emissions will help estimate the climate response via forest *** this study,we use ERA5 meteor-ological products,including temperature,precipitation,and soil moisture,to explain the frequency of forest fires and the amount of radiant energy released per time unit by burning vegetation(fire radiative power,FRP).We explore the relation-ships between satellite-retrieved fire products and aerosol properties(aerosol optical depth,AOD),carbon monoxide(CO),formaldehyde(HCHO),and nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))con-centrations over the PEEX domain,which covers different vegetation zones(***/grasslands,forest,arctic tun-dra)of Pan-Eurasia and *** analyse the concentrations of black carbon and absorbing organic carbon using groundbased AErosol RObotic *** analysis covers the months of May to August from 2002 to *** show posi-tive temperature trends in the Northern zone(>65°N)in June and August(1.56°C and 0.64°C,respectively);all statistically significant trends for precipitation and soil moisture are *** can explain increased fire activity in Siberia over the recent years(2019-2022).Over the whole PEEX domain,FC and FRP trends remain insignificant or negative;a decrease in AOD may address those negative *** show that intrasummer variations exist for cropland/grassland fires,which occur most often in May and August,while Siberian forest fires occur more often in July and *** show that CO concentration has been gradually decreasing in the last two decades in May and *** trends are negative in May,June,and over summer for all regions,in July in Europe,China,the Southern zone(<55°N),and the PEEX *** trends are not significant in all ***_(2)trends are positive in May and

关键词： PEEX wild fires satellite trend enhancement ratios

Self‑Healing Dynamic Hydrogel Microparticles with Structural Color for Wound Management

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 177-190页

作者： Li Wang Xiaoya Ding Lu Fan Anne M.Filppula Qinyu Li Hongbo Zhang Yuanjin Zhao Luoran Shang Department of General Surgery Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096People’s Republic of China Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory Åbo Akademi University20520 TurkuFinland Oujiang Laboratory(Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health)Wenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhou 325001People’s Republic of China Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital Zhongshan‑Xuhui Hospitaland the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigeneticsthe International Co‑laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism(Ministry of Science and Technology)Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032People’s Republic of China

Chronic diabetic wounds confront a significant medical challenge because of increasing prevalence and difficult-healing *** is vital to develop multifunctional hydrogel dressings,with well-designed morphology and structure to enhance flexibility and effectiveness in wound *** achieve these,we propose a self-healing hydrogel dressing based on structural color microspheres for wound *** microsphere comprised a photothermal-responsive inverse opal framework,which was constructed by hyaluronic acid methacryloyl,silk fibroin methacryloyl and black phosphorus quantum dots(BPQDs),and was further re-filled with a dynamic *** dynamic hydrogel filler was formed by Knoevenagel condensation reaction between cyanoacetate and benzaldehyde-functionalized dextran(DEX-CA and DEX-BA).Notably,the composite microspheres can be applied arbitrarily,and they can adhere together upon near-infrared irradiation by leveraging the BPQDs-mediated photothermal effect and the thermoreversible stiffness change of dynamic ***,eumenitin and vascular endothelial growth factor were co-loaded in the microspheres and their release behavior can be regulated by the same ***,effective monitoring of the drug release process can be achieved through visual color *** microsphere system has demonstrated desired capabilities of controllable drug release and efficient wound *** characteristics suggest broad prospects for the proposed composite microspheres in clinical applications.

关键词： Black phosphorus Structural color Dynamic hydrogel Inverse opal Wound management

High-performance portable grating-based surface plasmon resonance sensor using a tunable laser at normal incidence

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Photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 947-958页

作者： DUC LE ANNI RANTA-LASSILA TEEMU SIPOLA MIKKO KARPPINEN JARNO PETAJA MINNA KEHUSMAA SANNA AIKIO TIAN-LONG GUO MATTHIEU ROUSSEY JUSSI HILTUNEN ALEXEY POPOV VTT Technical Research Centre of finland 90570 OuluFinland Department of Physics and Mathematics University of Eastern FinlandFI-80101 JoensuuFinland

Surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensors are among the most sensitive *** such devices,a grating is a compelling alternative to a prism for the excitation of a surface plasmon,especially in the development of sensors for point-of-care applications due to their compactness and ***,we demonstrate the use of a tunable laser in a grating-based SPR system for further miniaturization and *** tunable laser working at normal incidence replaces spectral and moving components,while also simplifying the optical *** incidence is conventionally avoided due to the complexity of the control of degenerated SPR *** investigate,both computationally and experimentally,the splitting of the SPR modes at small nonzero incidences,which is lacking in previously reported *** optimizing the grating configuration,we were able to diminish the SPR mode splitting phenomenon when the excitation was feasible with the normal incidence *** fabricated sensor showed a high sensitivity of 1101.6 nm/***,the figure of merit of the sensor,defined as the ratio between the sensitivity and bandwidth of the SPR dip,was *** experimental results were consistent with the simulation *** also demonstrate its capability for detecting low concentrations of glucose and creatinine with the limit of detection of 14.2 and 19.1 mmol/L,respectively.

关键词： tunable splitting excitation