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Energy and AI 2022年第2期8卷 213-231页

作者： Rohit Trivedi Shafi Khadem International Energy Research Centre Tyndall National InstituteUCCCorkIreland

Microgrids are gaining popularity by facilitating distributed energy resources(DERs)and forming essential consumer/prosumer centric integrated energy ***,coordination and control of multiple DERs and managing the energy transition in this environment is a strenuous *** control techniques are not enough to support dynamic microgrid *** of Artificial Intelligence(AI)techniques seems to be a promising solution to enhance the control and operation of microgrids in future smart grid ***,this paper briefly reviews the control architectures,existing conventional controlling techniques,their drawbacks,the need for intelligent controllers and then extensively reviews the possibility of AI implementation in different control structures with a special focus on the hierarchical control *** paper also investigates the AI-based control strategies in networked/interconnected/multi-microgrids *** concludes with the summary and future scopes of AI implementation in hierarchical control layers and structures including single and networked microgrids environments.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Microgrid control architectures Hierarchical control Networked microgrids Machine learning Distributed energy resources

Synthesis and Improved Acetone Sensing Properties of Porous α-Fe_(2)O_(3) Nanowires

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第2期30卷 49-53页

作者： LIU Li CHI Xiao WANG Guo-Guang LIU Chang-Bai SHAN Hao ZHANG Xiao-Bo WANG Lian-Yuan GUAN Hong-Yu State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials College of PhysicsJilin UniversityChangchun 130012 College of Electronic Science and Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012 College of Chemistry Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130026

Porousα-Fe_(2)O_(3) nanowires are synthesized by a simple wet chemical method with a precursor of peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN),andα-Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles are also synthesized in the same way except for the addition of *** sensors are fabricated by coating the samples on ceramic tubes with Au signal electrodes and Ni-Cr heaters.A sensing investigation reveals that the porousα-Fe_(2)O_(3) nanowires have a higher sensitivity compared toα-Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles at 260℃.The corresponding sensor response(R_(a)/R_(g))is 18.2 at the maximum to 100 ppm acetone,and the response and recovery times are about 8 and 12 s,*** porous and one-dimensional nanostructures of the porousα-Fe_(2)O_(3) nanowires benefit for the gas-absorption and electrical-signal-transfer,and thus improve the sensor sensitivity consequentially.

关键词： nanowires Porous porous

Adaptive Execution of Jobs in Computational Grid environment

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第5期24卷 925-938页

作者： Sarbani Roy Nandini Mukherjee department of Computer Science and Engineering Jadavpur University

In a computational grid, jobs must adapt to the dynamically changing heterogeneous environment with an objective of maintaining the quality of service. In order to enable adaptive execution of multiple jobs running concurrently in a computational grid, we propose an integrated performance-based resource management framework that is supported by a multi-agent system （MAS）. The multi-agent system initially allocates the jobs onto different resource providers based on a resource selection algorithm. Later, during runtime, if performance of any job degrades or quality of service cannot be maintained for some reason （resource failure or overloading）, the multi-agent system assists the job to adapt to the system. This paper focuses on a part of our framework in which adaptive execution facility is supported. Adaptive execution facility is availed by reallocation and local tuning of jobs. Mobile, as well as static agents are employed for this purpose. The paper provides a summary of the design and implementation and demonstrates the efficiency of the framework by conducting experiments on a local grid test bed.

关键词： grid environment multi-agent system adaptive execution Jini mobile agent

A meta-analysis of recent data on UK environmental levels of POP-BFRs in an international context: Temporal trends and an environmental budget

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Emerging Contaminants 2015年第1期1卷 39-53页

作者： Stuart Harrad School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

This study collates and synthesises UK data on environmental levels of POP-BFRs published between 1999 and March *** POP-BFRs are:the polybrominated diphenyl ether(PBDE)formulations Penta-BDE,Octa-BDE,and Deca-BDE(the latter as a candidate Stockholm Convention POP),as well as hexabromocyclododecane(HBCDD).environmental compartments covered include:sediments(freshwater and marine),atmospheric deposition(both measured directly and inferred from sediment core data),soil,herbage,outdoor air,indoor air,indoor dust,freshwater(rivers and lakes),human tissues(blood serum and milk),wildlife,and the human *** trends in contamination were examined for evidence of environmental responses to regulatory and voluntary actions banning/restricting the manufacture and use of *** evidence exists that-with some exceptions-concentrations of Penta-BDE congeners like BDEs-47 and 99 have responded well to the use restrictions introduced in the ***,it appears that human body burdens of these contaminants do not appear to have responded in a similar way,as levels in UK human milk in 2010e2012,are not discernibly different to those reported in *** evidence for HBCDD and BDEs-183 and 209 is less abundant,but signs exist that absolute concentrations of BDE-183 are falling in the UK *** respect to BDE-209,evidence from analysis of lake sediment core and UK diet samples,suggests that levels have yet to respond discernibly to the more recent curbs on manufacture and use of *** limited evidence for HBCDD is strongly consistent with a declining trend in environmental contamination with this ***,examination of the UK database in an international context,suggests UK levels are generally within the range of those found in other industrialised ***,while UK concentrations of BDE-209 in abiotic matrices such as indoor dust,are at the high end of those reported globally;concentrations in UK human milk a

关键词： Brominated flame retardants British environment Time ternds PBDEs HBCDDs

Topological crystalline insulator nanomembrane with strain-tunable band gap

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Nano Research 2015年第3期8卷 967-979页

作者： Xiaofeng Qian Liang Fu Ju Li department of Nuclear Science and Engineering and department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA

The ability to fine-tune band gap and band inversion in topological materials is highly desirable for the development of novel functional devices. Here we propose that the electronic properties of free-standing nanomernbranes of the topological crystalline insulators （TCI） SnTe and Pb1-xSnx（Se,Te） are highly tunable by engineering elastic strain and membrane thickness, resulting in tunable band gap and giant piezoconductivity. Membrane thickness governs the hybridization of topological electronic states on opposite surfaces, while elastic strain can further modulate the hybridization strength by controlling the penetration length of surface states. We propose a frequency-resolved infrared photodetector using force-concentration induced inhomogeneous elastic strain in TCI nanomembranes with spatially varying width. The predicted tunable band gap accompanied by strong spin-textured electronic states will open new avenues for fabricating piezoresistive devices, infrared detectors and energy-efficient electronic and spintronic devices based on TCI nanomembrane.

关键词： elastic strain engineering pseudoheterostructure infrared photodetector metal-insulatortransition DFT calculations

Effects of Different Types of Sludge on Soil Microbial Properties:A Field Experiment on Degraded Mediterranean Soils

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Pedosphere 2010年第6期20卷 681-691页

作者： D.TARRASóN G.OJEDA O.ORTIZ J.M.ALCAIZ Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications Autonomous University of Barcelona IMAR-Coimbra Interdisciplinary Centre Department of ZoologyUniversity of Coimbra

The recycling of suitable organic wastes can enhance soil fertility via effects on soil physical, chemical and biological properties. To compare the effects of digested (DS), thermally dried (TDS) and composted dewatered (CDS) sewage sludge on soil microbiological properties, an experiment was conducted at field sites for more than one year (401 d) when applied to two Mediterranean degraded soils (loam and loamy sand soils). All three types of sewage sludge had a significant effect on measured parameters. In a short time, the plots of both loamy sand and loam soils amended with TDS showed the highest microbial basal respiration (loam soil: P < 0.01; loamy sand soil: P < 0.001) and carbon mineralization coefficient (loam soil: P < 0.01; loamy sand soil: P < 0.001). Furthermore, on loamy sand soil, the plots amended with TDS showed the highest microbial metabolic quotient (qCO 2 ) (P < 0.05). This study revealed that the addition of sludge caused transient non-equilibrium effects on almost all soil microbial properties. However, there were no differences one year later because the remaining organic carbon was stable and quite similar in all treatments. These results may have practical implications for the rehabilitation of degraded soils.

关键词： basal respiration composted sludge soil microbial biomass thermally dried sludge

Carbon concentrations and carbon storage capacity of three old-growth forests in the Sila National Park,Southern Italy

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 233-242页

作者： Giovanni Di Matteo Giuseppe Luzzi Antonio Basile Angelo Sposato Giada Bertini Ulderico Neri Bruno Pennelli Rosario Napoli Pierfrancesco Nardi Consiglio per la ricerca e l’analisi dell’economia agraria Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment(CREA-AA)Via della Navicella 2-400184 RomeItaly Sila National Park Via NazionaleLorica Di San Giovanni in Fiore87055 CosenzaItaly Consiglio per la ricerca e l’analisi dell’economia agraria Research Centre for Forestry and Wood(CREA-FL)Viale Santa Margherita 8052100 ArezzoItaly

Old-growth forests play a key-role in reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) concentrations by storing large CO_(2)amounts in biomass and soil over *** quantifies the carbon pool into different forest compartments in three Mediterranean old-growth forests of Southern Italy populated by Pinus laricio,Fagus sylvatica and Abies *** carbon pools have been assessed per compartment,i.e.,living trees,dead wood,litterfall(foliar and woody),roots and 0-20 cm topsoil,combining the whole old-growth forest mass,(i.e.,using tree allometric relationships,deadwood factor conversions,root-to-shoot ratios,litterfall and soil samplings) by the respective organic carbon *** results show the considerable capacity of these forest ecosystems in storing CO_(2)in biomass and soil,with carbon pool values ranging from 532.2to 596.5 Mg C *** trees and 0-20 cm topsoil had larger carbon pool,contributing 53.0 and 22.1%,*** most cases,organic carbon concentration was higher(more than 60%) than the average carbon conversion rate of 50%,especially in living trees,deadwood,and woody *** study contributes further scientific evidence of the capacity of old-growth forests in storing CO_(2)in their different compartments,with special evidence on tree biomass,litterfall and mineral soil,thereby highlighting the key role of old-growth forests within the challenge of climate change mitigation.

关键词： Ecosystem carbon pool Organic carbon concentration Ecosystem compartment Climate change mitigation Carbon forestry

Habitat suitability and herbivores determine reintroduction success of an endangered legume

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Plant Diversity 2019年第2期41卷 109-117页

作者： Matthew A.Albrecht Quinn G.Long Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development Missouri Botanical Garden Shaw Nature Reserve Missouri Botanical Garden

Reintroductions of rare plants require detailed knowledge of habitat requirements, species interactions,and restoration techniques. Thus, incremental experimentation over many years may be required to develop adequate knowledge and techniques for successful reintroduction. To determine drivers of extinction in historical reintroductions of a federally endangered perennial(Astragalus bibullatus), we developed a reintroduction experiment to disentangle the relative importance of habitat quality, herbivores, and restoration technique on reintroduction success. In a factorial design, we manipulated access to vertebrate herbivores across different habitat types(mesic ecotone vs. xeric barren), and used founder populations comprised of more transplants and genetic sources than previous reintroduction *** mesic ecotones where historical reintroductions failed, excluding herbivores, thinning woody encroachment to improve habitat quality, outplanting across a greater array of microhabitats, and increasing founder population size did not improve demographic rates over previous *** to mesic ecotones, transplant survival rates and cumulative fruit production were more than two and ten times greater, respectively, in a xeric barren ecotone characterized by open, grassy, and dry microenvironmental conditions. Across all sites, herbivores decreased probabilities of survival and flowering of larger adult plants. Flowering rates were 80% greater inside relative to outside herbivore exclusion cages. Over a four-year period, only a single uncaged plant produced fruit. Our study demonstrates that habitat quality and vertebrate herbivory are key drivers of long-term persistence in rare plant reintroductions. Using incremental experiments that build on previous knowledge gained from long-term monitoring can improve reintroduction outcomes.

关键词： Astragalus bibullatus Translocation Rare plant Conservation Founder size Grassland

Biomass of meiobenthic in the Bohai Sea, China

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2001年第3期20卷 435-442页

作者： Guo Yuqing, Zhang Zhinan, Mu Fanghong 1. department of Life Science, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China 2. Agricultural College, jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China department of Life Science Ocean University of Qingdao Qingdao 266003 China Agricultural College Jimei University Xiamen 361021 China

A grid of 22 stations, giving a broad geographic coverage of the Bohai Sea and the Bohai Strait was selected. Undisturbed sediments were collected from sampling stations during cruises in June 1997, in September/October 1998 and again in April/May 1999. Based on the results of Juario (1975), the average biomass, 0.404 g/(m2a) of meiofauna (including nematode, harpacticoida, bivalve larvae, polycheata and kinorhyncha) in the Bohai Sea is given and accounts for 4.5 percent of the macrofauna in the Bohai Sea. The horizontal distribution of the biomass of meiofauna showed that it was higher at the stations of middle east part of the Bohai Sea and the strait in 1998 and 1999 cruises and it decreased at the stations near to the strait mouth and increased at Station B1 in 1999 cruise. The annual average production in the Bohai Sea is 3.636 g/m2 calculated in term of the formula P = 9B. Compared with the biomass of other sea areas in the world, the biomass of the Bohai Sea is similar but slightly lower. The individual average dry weight of nematodes given by different authors is analyzed.

关键词： Meiofauna free-living marine nematodes benthic copepods biomass the Bohai Sea

Sources appointment and health risks of PM_(2.5)-bound trace elements in a coastal city of southeastern China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 561-571页

作者： Ziyi Lin Xiaolong Fan Gaojie Chen Youwei Hong Mengren Li Lingling Xu Baoye Hu Chen Yang Yanting Chen Zhiqian Shao Jinsheng Chen Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Key Lab of Urban environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy ofSciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000China

To gain a comprehensive understanding of sources and health risks of trace elements in an area of China with high population densities and low PM_(2.5)concentrations,15 trace elements(Al,K,Ca,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Sn,Ba,Pb)in PM_(2.5)were monitored from December 2020 to November 2021 in a representative city,*** concentrations of trace elements in Xiamen displayed an obvious seasonal variation and were dominated by K,Fe,Al,Ca and *** on Positive Matrix Factorization analysis,source appointment revealed that the major sources of trace elements in Xiamen were traffic,dust,biomass and firework combustion,industrial manufacture and shipping *** to health risk assessment combined with the source appointment results,it indicated that the average noncarcinogenic risk was below the threshold and cancer risk of four hazardous metals(Cr,Ni,As,Pb)exceeded the threshold(10^(-6)).Traffic-related source had almost half amount of contribution to the health risk induced by PM_(2.5)-bound trace *** the dust transport period or Spring Festival period,the health risks exceeded an acceptable threshold even an order of magnitude higher,suggesting that the serious health risks still existed in low PM_(2.5)environment at certain *** risk assessment reminded that the health risk reduction in PM_(2.5)at southeastern China should prioritize traffic-related hazardous trace elements and highlighted the importance of controlling vehicles emissions in the future.

关键词： PM_(2.5)-bound trace elements Seasonal variations Source appointment Health risks Traffic-related source