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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第7期9卷 1159-1170页

作者： Liquan Jing Meng Xie Yuanguo Xu Chun Tong Xia Du Heng Zhao Na Zhong Huaming Li Jinguang Hu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of Calgary School of Pharmacy Jiangsu University School of Material Science & Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology Institute for Energy Research Jiangsu University

This work uses thermal polymerization of urea nitrate, oxyacetic acid and urea as the raw material to prepare ultra-thin porous carbon nitride with carbon defects and C-O band（OA-UN-CN）. Density functional theory（DFT） calculations showed OA-UN-CN had narrower band gap,faster electron transport and a new internal construction electric field. Additionally, the prepared OA-UN-CN significantly enhanced photocatalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate（PMS） due to enhanced light absorption performance and faster electron overflow. As the result, the OA-UN-CN/PMS could entirely degrade bisphenol A（BPA） within 30 min, where the photodegradation rate was 81.8 and 7.9 times higher than that of g-C3N4and OA-UN-CN, respectively. Beyond, the OA-UN-CN/PMS could likewise degrade other bisphenol pollutants and sodium lignosulfonate efficiently. We suggested possible photocatalytic degradation pathways accordingly and explored the toxicity of its degradation products. This work provides a new idea on the development of advanced photocatalytic oxidation processes for the treatment of bisphenol pollutants and lignin derivatives, via a metal-free photothermal-catalyst.

关键词： Photothermal-catalytic G-C 3 N 4 Peroxymonosulfate Bisphenol Sodium lignosulfonate

Selective superoxide radical generation for glucose photoreforming into arabinose

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第11期31卷 324-331,I0009页

作者： Jiu Wang Heng Zhao Peng Liu Nael Yasri Na Zhong Md Golam Kibria Jinguang Hu Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryAlberta T2N 1N4Canada School of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093YunnanChina

Biomass photorefinery to produce fuels and valuable chemicals is a promising approach to alleviating the energy crisis and achieving carbon ***,precisely modulating the photocatalytic conversion of biomass into value-added chemicals is still *** we demonstrate a feasible strategy to selectively produce arabinose via oriented glucose oxidation to gluconic acid,followed by the decarboxylation process for C1-C2 bond *** realize this process,gold nanoparticles(Au NPs)modified carbon nitride(AuCN)is rationally designed to regulate the electron transfer behavior of pristine carbon nitride from a two-electron pathway to a single-electron *** allows selective production of superoxide(·O_(2)^(-))from oxygen reduction reaction which triggers glucose oxidation into gluconic *** addition,the arabinose production is synergistically promoted by the improved charge separation efficiency and extended visible-light absorption via localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR)of Au *** work demonstrates an example of a mechanism-guided catalyst design to improve biofuels/chemicals production from biomass photorefinery.

关键词： Biomass photorefinery Selective glucose photoreforming Carbon nitride LSPR Oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)

Free-space optical neural network based on thermal atomic nonlinearity

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Photonics Research 2021年第4期9卷 I0048-I0054页

作者： Albert Ryou James Whitehead Maksym Zhelyeznyakov Paul Anderson Cem Keskin Michal Bajcsy Arka Majumdar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario ON N2L 3G1Canada Institute of Quantum Computing University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario ON N2L 3G1Canada Google Mountain ViewCalifornia 94043USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario ON N2L 3G1Canada Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195USA

As artificial neural networks(ANNs)continue to make strides in wide-ranging and diverse fields of technology,the search for more efficient hardware implementations beyond conventional electronics is gaining *** particular,optical implementations potentially offer extraordinary gains in terms of speed and reduced energy consumption due to the intrinsic parallelism of free-space *** the same time,a physical nonlinearity—a crucial ingredient of an ANN—is not easy to realize in free-space optics,which restricts the potential of this *** problem is further exacerbated by the need to also perform the nonlinear activation in parallel for each data point to preserve the benefit of linear free-space ***,we present a free-space optical ANN with diffraction-based linear weight summation and nonlinear activation enabled by the saturable absorption of thermal *** demonstrate,via both simulation and experiment,image classification of handwritten digits using only a single layer and observed 6% improvement in classification accuracy due to the optical nonlinearity compared to a linear *** platform preserves the massive parallelism of free-space optics even with physical nonlinearity,and thus opens the way for novel designs and wider deployment of optical ANNs.

关键词： nonlinearity optics preserve

Clone-World:A visual analytic system for large scale software clones

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Visual Informatics 2019年第1期3卷 18-26页

作者： Debajyoti Mondal Manishankar Mondal Chanchal K.Roy Kevin A.Schneider Yukun Li Shisong Wang Department of Computer Science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

With the era of big data approaching,the number of software systems,their dependencies,as well as the complexity of the individual system is becoming larger and more *** these evolving software systems is thus a primary challenge for cost-effective software management and *** this paper we perform a case study with evolving code *** programmers often need to manually analyze the co-evolution of clone fragments to decide about refactoring,tracking,and bug ***,manual analysis is time consuming,and nearly infeasible for a large number of clones,e.g.,with millions of similarity pairs,where clones are evolving over hundreds of software *** propose an interactive visual analytics system,Clone-World,which leverages big data visualization approach to manage code clones in large software ***-World,gives an intuitive yet powerful solution to the clone analytic ***-World combines multiple informationlinked zoomable views,where users can explore and analyze clones through interactive exploration in real *** studies and experts’reviews suggest that Clone-World may assist developers in many real-life software development and maintenance *** believe that Clone-World will ease the management and maintenance of clones,and inspire future innovation to adapt visual analytics to manage big software systems.

关键词： Visual analytics Software clones Multivariate networks

Super-anti-freezing,tough and adhesive titanium carbide and L-ornithine-enhanced hydrogels

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生物质资源与工程(英文) 2023年第2期8卷 136-145页

作者： Zhangkang Li Jamie LeBlanc Hitendra Kumar Hongguang Zhang Weijun Yang Xiao He Qingye Lu Jeffrey Van Humbeck Keekyoung Kim Jinguang Hu Department of Biomedical Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryUniversity Drive NWCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Chemistry University of CalgaryUniversity Drive NWCalgary T2N 1N4AlbertaCanada Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of CalgaryUniversity Drive NWCalgary T2N 1N4AlbertaCanada Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Cumming School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryHospital Drive NWT2N 4N1AlbertaCanada Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of CalgaryUniversity Drive NWCalgary T2N 1N4AlbertaCanada Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxiJiangsu214122China

Hydrogels are highly porous three-dimensional crosslinked polymer networks consisting of hy-drophilic polymers,employed most practically in medicine and industry,often as *** hydrogels suffer limitations in their mechanical properties,such as tensile and com-pression,and freeze at sub-zero temperatures,which compromise their ability as useful *** this study,the incorporation of L-ornithine-based zwitterionic monomer(OZM),titanium carbide(MXene),and glycerol within polyacrylamide hydrogels was used to prepare a novel polyacrylamide/polyL-ornithine-based zwitterion/MXene(PAM/Porn/MXene)hydrogel to im-prove the mechanical,adhesion,and anti-freezing properties of pure polyacrylamide *** study also analyzed the mechanical strength(tensile and compression),adhesion,and anti-freezing properties of a novel PAM/Porn/MXene hydrogel at 1%,4%,and 10%MXene concen-trations to establish to what extent the conductive MXene material enhanced these properties and concluded that the tensile and compressive properties improved linearly with the increase in the concentrations of MXene,adhesion decreased with the increased MXene concentrations,and syn-ergistic interaction between MXene and OZM significantly improved the anti-freezing properties up to-80°C.

关键词： Super-anti-freezing Tough Adhesive L-ornithine MXene

Carbon quantum dots modified TiO_(2) composites for hydrogen production and selective glucose photoreforming

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第1期31卷 201-208,I0006页

作者： Heng Zhao Xinti Yu Chao-Fan Li Wenbei Yu Aiguo Wang Zhi-Yi Hu Steve Larter Yu Li Md Golam Kibria Jinguang Hu Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of Calgary2500 University DriveNWCalgaryAlberta T2N 1N4Canada State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070HubeiChina Nanostructure Research Centre Wuhan University of Technology.Wuhan 430070Hubei.China Department of Geosciences University of Calgary2500 University DriveNWCalgaryAlberta T2N 1N4Canada

Lignocellulosic biomass photoreforming is a promising and alternative strategy for both sustainable H_(2) production and biomass valorization with infinite solar ***,harsh reaction conditions(high alkalinity or toxic organic solvents),with low biomass conversion and selectivity are often reported in *** this work,we report glucose photoreforming for coproduction of H_(2) and arabinose with improved selectivity under neutral condition using carbon quantum dots(CQDs)modified TiO_(2) *** show that the conventional CQDs fabricated by a facile one-step hydrothermal process could be endowed with novel color changing property,due to the particle aggregation under the regulation of incident *** as-fabricated CQDs/TiO_(2) composites with certain colored CQDs could greatly improve glucose to arabinose conversion selectivity(-75%)together with efficient hydrogen evolution(up to 2.43 mmolh^(-1)g^(-1))in *** arabinose is produced via the direct C1-C2 α-scissions mechanism with reactive oxygen species of·O_(2)^(-) and·OH,as evidenced by ^(13)C labeled glucose and the electron spin-resonance(ESR)studies,*** work not only sheds new lights on CQDs assisted photobiorefinery for biomass valorization and H_(2) coproduction,but also opens the door for rationale design of different colored CQDs and their potential applications for solar energy utilization in the noble-metal-free system.

关键词： CQDs Size regulation Hydrogen production Glucose photoreforming Arabinose

High-dimension experimental tomography of a path-encoded photon quantum state

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Photonics Research 2019年第7期7卷 1-9页

作者： D.Curic L.Giner J.S.Lundeen Department of Physics and Centre for Research in Photonics University of OttawaOttawaOntario K1N 6N5Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CalgaryCalgaryAlberta T2N 1N4Canada

Quantum information protocols often rely on tomographic techniques to determine the state of the system. A popular method of encoding information is on the different paths a photon may take, e.g., parallel waveguides in integrated optics. However, reconstruction of states encoded onto a large number of paths is often prohibitively resource intensive and requires complicated experimental setups. Addressing this, we present a simple method for determining the state of a photon in a superposition of d paths using a rotating one-dimensional optical Fourier *** establish the theory and experimentally demonstrate the technique by measuring a wide variety of six-dimensional density matrices. The average fidelity of these with the expected state is as high as 0.9852±0.0008. This performance is comparable to or exceeds established tomographic methods for other types of systems.

关键词： High-dimension tomography density matrices

Intermolecular and Surface Interactions in Engineering Processes

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Engineering 2021年第1期7卷 63-83页

作者： Jiawen Zhang Hongbo Zeng Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1H9Canada

Interactions involving chemical reagents,solid particles,gas bubbles,liquid droplets,and solid surfaces in complex fluids play a vital role in many engineering processes,such as froth flotation,emulsion and foam formation,adsorption,and fouling and anti-fouling *** interactions at the molecular,nano-,and micro scale significantly influence and determine the macroscopic performance and efficiency of related engineering *** the intermolecular and surface interactions in engineering processes is of both fundamental and practical importance,which not only improves production technologies,but also provides valuable insights into the development of new *** this review,the typical intermolecular and surface interactions involved in various engineering processes,including Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek(DLVO)interactions(i.e.,van der Waals and electrical doublelayer interactions)and non-DLVO interactions,such as steric and hydrophobic interactions,are first *** techniques such as atomic force microscopy and surface forces apparatus for quantifying the interaction forces of molecules and surfaces in complex fluids are briefly *** recent progress on characterizing the intermolecular and surface interactions in several engineering systems are reviewed,including mineral flotation,petroleum engineering,wastewater treatment,and energy storage *** correlation of these fundamental interaction mechanisms with practical applications in resolving engineering challenges and the perspectives of the research field have also been discussed.

关键词： Intermolecular and surface interactions Colloids Emulsions Interface science Engineering processes Atomic force microscopy Surface forces apparatus

Subspace Methods in Multi-Parameter Seismic Full Waveform Inversion

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Communications in Computational Physics 2020年第6期28卷 228-248页

作者： Yu Geng Kristopher A.Innanen Wenyong Pan Department of Geosciences CREWES ProjectUniversity of CalgaryAlberta T2N 1N4Canada Department of Geoscience CREWES ProjectUniversity of CalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Los Alamos National Laboratory Geophysics GroupMS D452Los AlamosNM 87545USA

In full waveform inversion(FWI)high-resolution subsurface model param-eters are *** is normally treated as a nonlinear least-squares inverse problem,in which the minimum of the corresponding misfit function is found by updating the model *** multiple elastic or acoustic properties are solved for,simple gradient methods tend to confuse parameter *** is referred to as parameter cross-talk;it leads to incorrect model solutions,poor convergence and strong dependence on the scaling of the different parameter *** step lengths in a subspace domain,rather than directly in terms of gradients of different parameters,is a potentially valuable approach to address this *** particular subspace used can be defined over a span of different sets of data or different parameter classes,provided it involves a small number of vectors compared to those contained in the whole model *** a subspace method,the basis vectors are defined first,and a local min-imum is found in the space spanned by *** examine the application of the sub-space method within acoustic FWI in determining simultaneously updates for velocity and *** first discuss the choice of basis vectors to construct the spanned space,from linear updates by distinguishing only the contributions of different parameter classes towards nonlinear updates by adding the contributions of higher-order pertur-bations of each parameter *** numerical character of FWI solutions generated via subspace methods involving different basis vectors is then analyzed and compared with traditional FWI *** subspace methods can provide better reconstructions of the model,especially for the velocity,as well as improved convergence rates,while the computational costs are still comparable with the traditional FWI methods.

关键词： Waveform inversion inverse problem subspace method

Reinforcement learning-driven local transactive energy market fordistributed energy resources

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2022年第2期8卷 162-176页

作者： Steven Zhang Daniel May Mustafa Gül Petr Musilek Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaCanada Civil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaCanada

Local energy markets are emerging as a tool for coordinating generation, storage, and consumption of energyfrom distributed resources. In combination with automation, they promise to provide an effective energymanagement framework that is fair and brings system-level savings. The cooperative–competitive natureof energy markets calls for multi-agent based automation with learning energy trading agents. However,depending on the dynamics of the agent–environment interaction, this approach may yield unintended behaviorof market participants. Thus, the design of market mechanisms suitable for reinforcement learning agentsmust take into account this interplay. This article introduces autonomous local energy exchange (ALEX) asan experimental framework that combines multi-agent learning and double auction mechanism. Participantsdetermine their internal price signals and make energy management decisions through market interactions,rather than relying on predetermined external price signals. The main contribution of this article is examinationof compatibility between specific market elements and independent learning agents. Effects of different marketproperties are evaluated through simulation experiments, and the results are used for determine a suitablemarket design. The results show that market truthfulness maintains demand-response functionality, while weakbudget balancing provides a strong reinforcement signal for the learning agents. The resulting agent behavioris compared with two baselines: net billing and time-of-use rates. The ALEX-based pricing is more responsiveto fluctuations in the community net load compared to the time-of-use. The more accurate accounting ofrenewable energy usage reduced bills by a median 38.8% compared to net billing, confirming the ability tobetter facilitate demand response.

关键词： Transactive energy Demand response Distributed energy resources(DER) DER integration Local energy market Reinforcement learning