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Three-dimensional magnetization reconstruction from electron optical phase images with physical constraints

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第11期67卷 122-132页

作者： Boyao Lyu Shihua Zhao Yibo Zhang Weiwei Wang Fengshan Zheng Rafal E.Dunin-Borkowski Jiadong Zang Haifeng Du Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Low-Energy Quantum Materials and Devices High Magnetic Field LaboratoryHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Science Island Branch Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of New HampshireDurham 03824USA Department of Physics The City College of New YorkNew York 10031USA Physics program Graduate Center of the City University of New YorkNew York 10016USA Department of Chemistry University of New HampshireDurham 03824USA Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Spin-X Institute Center for Electron MicroscopySchool of Physics and OptoelectronicsState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional MaterialsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 511442China Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons Forschungszentrum JülichJülich 52425Germany

The ability to characterize three-dimensional(3D)magnetization distributions in nanoscale magnetic materials and devices is essential to fully understand their static and dynamic magnetic *** contrast techniques in the transmission electron microscope(TEM),such as electron holography and electron ptychography,can be used to record two-dimensional(2D)projections of the in-plane magnetic induction of 3D nanoscale *** the 3D magnetic induction can in principle be reconstructed from one or more tilt series of such 2D projections,conventional tomographic reconstruction algorithms do not recover the 3D magnetization within a sample ***,we use simulations to describe the basis of an improved model-based algorithm for the tomographic reconstruction of a 3D magnetization distribution from one or more tilt series of electron optical phase images recorded in the *** algorithm allows a wide range of physical constraints,including a priori information about the sample geometry and magnetic parameters,to be *** also makes use of minimization of the micromagnetic energy in the loss *** demonstrate the reconstruction of the 3D magnetization of a localized magnetic soliton—a hopfion ring—and discuss the influence of noise,choice of magnetic constants,maximum tilt angle and number of tilt axes on the *** algorithm can in principle be adapted for other magnetic contrast imaging techniques in the TEM,as well as for other magnetic characterization techniques,such as those based on X-rays or neutrons.

关键词： three-dimensional magnetization vector field tomography differentiable programming electron holography micromagnetism

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Optimize Purcell filter design for reducing influence of fabrication variation

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chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 589-594页

作者：蔡晓周翼彪于文龙熊康林冯加贵 Gusu Laboratory of Materials Suzhou 215123China Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China

To protect superconducting qubits and enable rapid readout, optimally designed Purcell filters are essential. To suppress the off-resonant driving of untargeted readout resonators, individual Purcell filters are used for each readout ***, achieving consistent frequency between a readout resonator and a Purcell filter is a significant challenge. A systematic computational analysis is conducted to investigate how fabrication variation affects filter performance, through focusing on the coupling capacitor structure and coplanar waveguide(CPW) transmission line specifications. The results indicate that the T-type enclosing capacitor(EC), which exhibits lower structural sensitivity, is more advantageous for achieving target capacitance than the C-type EC and the interdigital capacitor(IDC). By utilizing a large-sized CPW with the T-type EC structure, fluctuations in the effective coupling strength can be reduced to 10%, given typical micro-nanofabrication variances. The numerical simulations presented in this work minimize the influence of fabrication deviations, thereby significantly improving the reliability of Purcell filter designs.

关键词： superconducting circuit Purcell filter coplanar waveguide capacitor structure

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Tuning the product selectivity of dimethyl oxalate hydrogenation over WO_(x) modified Cu/SiO_(2) catalysts

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 128-138,I0004页

作者： Zheng Li Zhuo Ma Yihui Li Ziang Zhao Yuan Tan Ziyin Liu Xingkun Chen Nian Lei Huigang Wang Wei Lu Hejun Zhu Yunjie Ding Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies Zhejiang Normal UniversityHangzhou 311231ZhejiangChina Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Technology Utilization Yulin BranchDalian National Laboratory For Clean EnergyCASYulin 719199ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina

Product selectivity and reaction pathway are highly dependent on surface structure of heterogeneous *** vapor-phase hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate(DMO),"EG route"(DMO→methyl glycolate(MG)ethylene glycol(EG)→ethanol(ET))and"MA route"(DMO→MG→methyl acetate(MA))were proposed over traditional Cu based catalysts and Mo-based or Fe-based catalysts,***,tunable yield of ET(93.7%)and MA(72.1%)were obtained through different reaction routes over WO_(x) modified Cu/SiO_(2) catalysts,and the corresponding reaction route was further proved by kinetic study and in-situ DRIFTS *** studies demonstrated that H_(2) activation ability,acid density and Cu-WO_(x) interaction on the catalysts were tuned by regulating the surface W density,which resulted in the different reaction pathway and product ***'s more,high yield of MA produced from DMO hydrogenation was firstly reported with the H_(2) pressure as low as 0.5 MPa.

关键词： Ethanol Dimethyl oxalate Selective hydrogenation Methyl acetate WCu/SiO_(2)catalyst

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Soil and microbial C:N:P stoichiometries play vital roles in regulating P transformation in agricultural ecosystems:A review

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 44-51页

作者： Guanglei CHEN Jiahui YUAN Shenqiang WANG Yuting LIANG Dengjun WANG Yiyong ZHU Yu WANG State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research StationInstitute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Life sciences Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221000China School of Fisheries Aquacultureand Aquatic SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburn AL 36849USA Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization College of Resources and Environmental ScienceNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Stoichiometry plays a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles and can modulate soil nutrient availability and functions. In agricultural ecosystems,phosphorus(P) fertilizers(organic or chemical) are often applied to achieve high crop yields. However, P is readily fixed by soil particles, leading to low P use efficiency. Therefore, understanding the role of carbon:nitrogen:P stoichiometries of soil and microorganisms in soil P transformation is of great significance for P management in agriculture. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent research on stoichiometry effect on soil P transformation in agricultural ecosystems. Soil microorganisms play an important role in the transformation of soil non-labile inorganic P to microbial biomass P by regulating microbial biomass stoichiometry. They also mobilize soil unavailable organic P into available P by changing ecoenzyme stoichiometry. Organic materials, such as manure and straw, play an important role in promoting the transformation of insoluble P into available P as well. Additionally, periphytic biofilms can reduce P loss from rice field ecosystems. Agricultural stoichiometries are different from those of natural ecosystems and thereby should receive more attention due to the influences of anthropogenic factors. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further stoichiometry research on the soil biochemical mechanisms underlying P transformation in agricultural ecosystems. In conclusion, understanding stoichiometry impact on soil P transformation is crucial for P management in agricultural ecosystems.

关键词： ecoenzyme microbial biomass microbial community microorganism P availability periphytic biofilm soil P transformation

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In-situ warming does not change soil priming effect induced by glucose addition in a temperate forest

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 759-769页

作者： Xiaohan DONG Yunting FANG Dongwei LIU Xin GUAN Kai HUANG Yuqi LIU Qingkui WANG Silong WANG Weidong ZHANG Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ManagementInstitute of Applied EcologyShenyang 110016China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 101408China Hunan Key Laboratory for Structure and Ecosystem Service of Subtropical Forest Huitong National Research Station of Forest EcosystemHuitong 418307China Qingyuan Forest chinese Ecosystem Research Network(CERN) National Observation and Research StationShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016(China)f Key Laboratory of Stable Isotope Techniques and ApplicationsShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality Shenyang 110016China

Priming effect(PE)on soil organic carbon(SOC)decomposition caused by the addition of organic carbon(C)is an important ecological process in regulating soil C ***,most priming studies are confined to laboratory trials,while the assessment of soil PE under field conditions with variable weather conditions is *** study assessed the direct effects of glucose addition and in-situ warming on the extent of PE under field conditions in a temperate *** evaluated soil PE using 13C-glucose labelling,a simple and novel technique,based on the Keeling plot *** addition significantly enhanced native SOC decomposition and induced strong ***,the effect of in-situ warming on the extent of PE was not *** study confirms the importance of PE in regulating SOC turnover under field conditions.

关键词： lue lblling tchnquegbal wamingrmingt hppidfaty ai solganmattermineralisatn oezme respiration

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Orbital-Ordering Driven Simultaneous Tunability of Magnetism and Electric Polarization in Strained Monolayer VCl_(3)

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chinese Physics Letters 2024年第4期41卷 126-131页

作者：郭的坪王聪王侣锦陆赟豪吴骅张妍宁季威 Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials&Micro-Nano Devices Department of PhysicsRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education) Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device State Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Laboratory for Computational Physical sciences(MOE) State Key Laboratory of Surface Physicsand Department of PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute of Fundamental and Frontier sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China

Two-dimensional(2D)van der Waals magnetic materials have promising and versatile electronic and magnetic properties in the 2D limit,indicating a considerable potential to advance spintronic *** predictions thus far have not ascertained whether monolayer VCl_(3) is a ferromagnetic(FM)or anti-FM monolayer;this also remains to be experimentally *** theoretically investigate the influence of potential factors,including C_(3) symmetry breaking,orbital ordering,epitaxial strain,and charge doping,on the magnetic ground *** first-principles calculations,we predict a collinear type-Ⅲ FM ground state in monolayer VCl_(3) with a broken C_(3) symmetry,wherein only the former two of three t_(2g)orbitals(a_(1g),e_(g2)^(π)and e_(g1)^(π))are *** atomic layer thickness and bond angles of monolayer VCl_(3) undergo abrupt changes driven by an orbital ordering switch,resulting in concomitant structural and magnetic phase *** doping to the underlying Cl atoms of monolayer VCl_(3) without C_(3) symmetry simultaneously induces in-and out-of-plane *** can achieve a multiferroic phase transition if combined with the discovered adjustments of magnetic ground state and polarization magnitude under *** establishment of an orbital-ordering driven regulatory mechanism can facilitate deeper exploration and comprehension of magnetic properties of strongly correlated systems in monolayer VCl_(3).

关键词： monolayer symmetry orbital

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Current Status and Prospects of High-Speed Direct-Drive Power Generation Technology

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第6期33卷 2097-2116页

作者： JIANG Chenglong YIN Zhao ZHANG Hualiang ZHOU Peijian LIU Yu CHENG Kun XU Yujie CHEN Haisheng College of Metrology Measurement and Instrument China Jiliang University Nanjing Institute of Future Energy System Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese academy of sciences

Turbine generators play a pivotal role in efficiently converting gas internal energy into electrical energy,finding extensive applications in diverse green energy and power *** adoption of a high-speed direct-drive structure eliminates mechanical losses associated with the reducer between the turbine and generator,enhancing system efficiency and ***,this configuration introduces challenges in design and *** article explores the various application scenarios of high-speed direct-drive power generation systems,examining their roles in organic Rankine cycle power generation,gas turbine power generation,supercritical CO2power generation,vehicle exhaust turbine power generation,and natural gas pressure reduction power *** the high-speed,high-pressure,high-temperature,and high-efficiency challenges in turbine power generation systems,the key technologies are reviewed including high-speed bearings,rotor dynamics,high-speed motors,high-frequency variable frequency technology,sealing technology,axial force adjustment,thermal management,turbine aerodynamic design,and system control *** article further delves into the current research and development status of high-speed direct-drive power generation systems across different application ***,the article presents prospects for the future development of efficient,reliable and widely adaptable high-speed direct-drive generators,offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the field.

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Altered Iron-Mediated Metabolic Homeostasis Governs the Efficacy and Toxicity of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets Against Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 166-179页

作者： Zihe Ding Xiaoyue Wang Yi Zhang Jian Liu Lei Wan Tao Li Lin Chen Na Lin Yanqiong Zhang State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of chinese Medicine Hefei 230038China

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA),a globally increasing autoimmune disorder,is associated with increased disability rates due to the disruption of iron *** glycoside tablets(TGTs),a Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.(TwHF)-based therapy,exhibit satisfactory clinical efficacy for RA ***,drug-induced liver injury(DILI)remains a critical issue that hinders the clinical application of TGTs,and the molecular mechanisms underlying the efficacy and toxicity of TGTs in RA have not been fully *** address this problem,we integrated clinical multi-omics data associated with the anti-RA efficacy and DILI of TGTs with the chemical and target profiling of TGTs to perform a systematic network ***,we identified effective and toxic targets following experimental validation in a collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)mouse *** different transcriptome–protein–metabolite profiles distinguishing patients with favorable TGTs responses from those with poor outcomes were ***,the clinical efficacy and DILI of TGTs against RA were associated with metabolic homeostasis between iron and bone and between iron and lipids,***,the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)–hepcidin(HAMP)/lipocalin 2(LCN2)–tartrate-resis tant acid phosphatase type 5(ACP5)and STAT3–HAMP–acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4(ACSL4)–lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3(LPCAT3)axes were identified as key drivers of the efficacy and toxicity of *** play dual roles in ameliorating CIA-induced pathology and in inducing hepatic dysfunction,disruption of lipid metabolism,and hepatic lipid ***,TGTs effectively reversed“iron–bone”disruptions in the inflamed joint tissues of CIA mice by inhibiting the STAT3–HAMP/LCN2–ACP5 axis,subsequently leading to“iron–lipid”disturbances in the liver tissues via modulation of the STAT3–HAMP–ACSL4–LPCAT3 *** bidirectional validatio

关键词： Tripterygium glycosides tablets Rheumatoid arthritis Iron metabolism Clinical efficacy Drug-induced liver injury Clinical multi-omics data analysis

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Developmental Impairments of Synaptic Refinement in the Thalamus of a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第4期40卷 439-450页

作者： Xiaotong Wu Yali Liu Xiaomeng Wang Lu Zheng Libiao Pan Hao Wang Department of Neurosurgery of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education MinistryZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute Hangzhou311100China NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain Machine IntegrationKey Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological DiseasesSchool of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Lingang Laboratory Shanghai200031China

While somatosensory over-reactivity is a common feature of autism spectrum disorders such as fragile X syndrome(FXS),the thalamic mechanisms underlying this remain ***,we found that the developmental elimination of synapses formed between the principal nucleus of V(PrV)and the ventral posterior medial nucleus(VPm)of the somatosensory system was delayed in fragile X mental retardation 1 gene knockout(Fmr1 KO)mice,while the developmental strengthening of these synapses was *** showed excessive VGluT2 puncta in mutants at P12–13,but not at P7–8 or P15–16,confirming a delay in somatic pruning of PrV-VPm *** synaptic function was associated with a reduction in the frequency of quantal AMPA events,as well as developmental deficits in presynaptic vesicle size and *** results uncovered the developmental impairment of thalamic relay synapses in Fmr1 KO mice and suggest that a thalamic contribution to the somatosensory over-reactivity in FXS should be considered.

关键词： Fragile X syndrome Synaptic refinement VPm Sensory over-reactivity

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Chipless textile electronics enable wireless digital interactions

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The Innovation 2024年第5期5卷 17-18页

作者： Zhiqing Bai Qichong Zhang Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China

Fibers and fabrics have been closely related to the daily life of humans for *** the advancement of the artificial intelligence of things(AIoT)and wearable technology,functional fibers came into being and underwent revolutionary progress and development.1 Today,fibers have transcended the traditional concept of clothing,being no longer limited to shelter for the body,individual privacy protection,and the aesthetic expression of ourselves but moving in the direction of high-performance,high-end intelligence and green development.2 We are on the verge of an era of all-textile electronics following the first,second,and third *** electronics,a high-tech carrier of future AI,enable interactions between individuals and their surroundings via stimuli sensations,executive feedback,energy harvesting and storage,display,computation,and communication functions,wherever and whenever possible.3 Textile electronics are responsible for integrating human society,the information space,and the physical *** subversive and revolutionary nature promises to promote the integration and development of materials,communications,AI,healthcare,and other forms of multi-disciplinary integration,leading humankind toward a more civilized,intelligent society.

关键词： enable electronics integrating

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