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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第2期14卷 287-290页

作者： Chunyan Zhu Xuemin Yao Dandan Liu Guoxin Zhang Yongping Zhu Hongyu Chi Shuangpan Zhang Jun Yang Ying Liu Jigang Wang Na Lin Institute of chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100700China

Nowadays,roughly 603.7 million people are bothered by obesity[1].More seriously,obesity brings inflammation to the peripheral and central nervous system,which compromises the comorbidity of obesity,major depression[2],and cognitive deficits[3].Drug competent in the comorbidity is still *** 2015,Liu et al.[4]reported celastrol(CEL)as a powerful anti-obesity *** our previous study.

关键词： inflammation obesity obese

Controlled fabrication of freestanding monolayer SiC by electron irradiation

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chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 31-37页

作者：笪蕴力罗瑞春雷宝季威周武 School of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials&Micro-Nano Devices Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

The design and preparation of novel quantum materials with atomic precision are crucial for exploring new physics and for device *** irradiation has been demonstrated as an effective method for preparing novel quantum materials and quantum structures that could be challenging to obtain *** features the advantages of precise control over the patterning of such new materials and their integration with other materials with different ***,we present a new strategy for fabricating freestanding monolayer SiC within nanopores of a graphene *** regulating the energy of the incident electron beam and the in-situ heating temperature in a scanning transmission electron microscope(STEM),we can effectively control the patterning of nanopores and subsequent growth of monolayer SiC within the graphene *** resultant SiC monolayers seamlessly connect with the graphene lattice,forming a planar structure distinct by a wide direct *** in-situ STEM observations further uncover that the growth of monolayer SiC within the graphene nanopore is driven by a combination of bond rotation and atom extrusion,providing new insights into the atom-by-atom self-assembly of freestanding two-dimensional(2D)monolayers.

关键词： monolayer SiC 2D semiconductor in-situ growth in-situ STEM defect engineering graphene nanopores

Effect of soil archaea on N_(2)O emission in alpine permafrost

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2024年第2期16卷 45-62页

作者： YuZheng Gu ChenJie Dong ShengYun Chen JingWei Jin PeiZhi Yang JianWei Chen PeiJie Wei Ali Bahadur College of Grassland Agriculture Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Cryosphere and Eco-Environment Research Station of Shule River Headwaters Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil EngineeringNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China College of Ecology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansu 730000China BGI-Qingdao BGI-ShenzhenQingdaoShandong 266555China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Soil microbial communities are pivotal in permafrost biogeochemical cycles,yet the variations of abundant and rare microbial taxa and their impacts on greenhouse gas emissions in different seasons,remain elusive,especially in the case of soil ***,we conducted a study on soil abundant and rare archaeal taxa during the growing and non-growing seasons in the active layer of alpine permafrost in the Qinghai-Tibetan *** results suggested that,for the archaeal communities in the sub-layer,abundant taxa exhibited higher diversity,while rare taxa maintained a more stable composition from the growing to non-growing *** soluble organic carbon and soil porosity were the most significant environmental variables affecting the compositions of abundant and rare taxa,*** and deterministic processes dominated the assemblies of rare and abundant taxa,*** archaeal ecological network influenced N_(2)O flux through different *** taxa performed an essential role in stabilizing the network and exerting important effects on N_(2)O *** study provides a pioneering and comprehensive investigation aimed at unravelling the mechanisms by which archaea or other microorganisms influence greenhouse gas emissions in the alpine permafrost.

关键词： Alpine permafrost Abundant and rare archaea Assembly processes Co-occurrence network N_(2)O flux

Effects of simulated gut pH environment on bacterial composition and pheromone production of Dendroctonus valens

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 225-235页

作者： Qingjie Cao Yu Zhao Tuuli-Marjaana Koski Huiping Li Jianghua Sun College of Forestry Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Life Science/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interactions Institute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaodingHebei ProvinceChina

Bark beetles are an economically and ecologically important insect group,with aggregation behavior and thus host colonization success depends on pheromone-mediated *** some species,such as the major invasive forest pest in China,red turpentine beetle(Dendroctonus valens),gut microbiota participates in pheromone production by converting tree monoterpenes into pheromone ***,how variation in gut microenvironment,such as pH,affects the gut microbial composition,and consequently pheromone production,is *** this study,we fed wild caught *** with 3 different pH media(main host diet with natural pH of 4.7;a mildly acidic diet with pH 6 mimicking the beetle gut pH;and highly acidic diet with pH 4),and measured their effects on the gut pH,bacterial community and production of the main aggregation and anti-aggregation pheromone(verbenone).We further tested the verbenone production capacity of 2 gut bacterial isolates in different pH environments(pH 6 and 4).Compared to natural state or main host diet,feeding on less acidic diet(pH 6)diluted the acidity of the gut,whereas feeding on highly acidic diet(pH 4)enhanced *** changes in gut pH reduced the abundance of dominant bacterial genera,resulting in decreased verbenone ***,the highest pheromone conversion rate of the bacterial isolates was observed in pH mimicking the acidity in beetle *** together,these results indicate that changes in gut pH can affect gut microbiota composition and pheromone production,and may therefore have the potential to affect host colonization behavior.

关键词： Dendroctonus valens gut bacteria gut pH verbenone

Anomalous photovoltaic effect in Na_(0.5)Bi_(0.5)TiO_(3)-based ferroelectric ceramics based on domain engineering

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第5期10卷 975-983页

作者： Xinxiang Yang Xing Gao Shan Zhang Jun Zhao Xinlei Zhang Xin Song Chunxiao Lu Yong Li Liwen Zhang Xihong Hao Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Ferroelectric-Related New Energy Materials and Devices School of Materials and MetallurgyInner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou014010China

The anomalous photovoltaic(APV)effect is promising for high-performance ferroelectric materials and devices in photoelectric ***,it is a challenge how to tune the APV effect by utilizing the characteristic structure of ***,a domain engineering strategy is proposed to enhance the APV effect in lead-free 0.88(Na_(0.5)Bi_(0.5)TiO_(3))-0.12(Ba_(1–1.5x)S_(mx)TiO_(3))(NBT-BST)ferroelectric *** tuning the domain size based on Sm^(3+)doping,a maximum open-circuit voltage(VOC)of 18.1 V is obtained when Sm^(3+)content is 0.75%,which is much larger than its bandgap(Eg).The mechanism of this large VOC originates from the multiple positive effects induced by the small-size domain,where decreasing domain size enhances ferroelectric polarization and net interface barrier potential,leading to a large driving electric ***,the APV effect exhibits a giant temperature sensitivity due to the dramatic evolution of small-size domain in the temperature *** work sheds light on the exploration of ferroelectrics with APV effect and inspires their future high-performance optoelectronic device applications.

关键词： Anomalous photovoltaic effect Ferroelectric Domain NBT-BST ceramics Polarization

节甲鱼类(有颌脊椎动物干群)系统发育多样性的衰落与泥盆纪重大环境-生物事件耦合

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古脊椎动物学报（中英文） 2024年第1期62卷 1-12页

作者：薛钦元余逸伦潘照晖朱幼安朱敏中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室北京100044 中国科学院大学北京100049

节甲鱼类是盾皮鱼类(具颌的有颌类干群)中多样性最高的类群,以占据较高营养级而著称,特别是在它们演化历史的后期。尽管节甲鱼类的化石记录相对完整,但以往对节甲鱼类多样性的研究主要基于统计每个地质历史阶段的分类单元数量(原始多样... 详细信息

节甲鱼类是盾皮鱼类(具颌的有颌类干群)中多样性最高的类群,以占据较高营养级而著称,特别是在它们演化历史的后期。尽管节甲鱼类的化石记录相对完整,但以往对节甲鱼类多样性的研究主要基于统计每个地质历史阶段的分类单元数量(原始多样性),其结果与泥盆纪重大环境-生物事件耦合程度较差。本文建立了一个新的包括219个属、450个种的详尽的节甲鱼类数据集,并根据之前许多系统发育研究结果,将其中大部分属种整合置入一个人工超树中,以进行系统发育多样性分析。分析结果表明,考虑幽灵支系的存在之后,节甲鱼类系统发育多样性的变化曲线与原始多样性曲线截然不同。节甲鱼类系统发育多样性呈现出典型的早期爆发的模式,在早泥盆世(洛赫考夫期-布拉格期界线)达到峰值,随后伴随一系列事件发生下降。在前4个事件的附近,节甲鱼类的系统发育多样性都只经历微弱的下降,总体维持在较高的水平;而在后3个事件,特别是弗拉期-法门期界线和泥盆纪-石炭纪界线两大事件发生时间附近发生急剧下降,并且直到该类群在泥盆纪末完全灭绝之前,都未出现恢复迹象。而节甲鱼类的原始多样性除了在弗拉期-法门期事件的时间出现下降,在所有其他事件中下降都不明显。

关键词：泥盆纪盾皮鱼类节甲鱼类分类多样性系统发育多样性生物事件

Improving Fatigue Properties of 316L Stainless Steel Welded Joints by Surface Spinning Strengthening

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第5期37卷 840-854页

作者： Dongqiqiong Wang Qiang Wang Xiaowu Li Zhefeng Zhang Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry School of Materials Science and Engineeringand Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education)Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Shi-Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China College of Light Industry Liaoning UniversityShenyang 110036China

The surface spinning strengthening(3S)mechanism and fatigue life extension mechanism of 316L stainless steel welded joint were systematically elucidated by microstructural analyses and mechanical *** indicate that surface gradient hardening layer of approximately 1 mm is formed in the base material through grain fragmentation and deformation twin strengthening,as well as in the welding zone composed of deformedδ-phases and *** fatigue strength of welded joint after 3S significantly rises by 32%(from 190 to 250 MPa),which is attributed to the effective elimination of surface geometric defects,discrete refinement ofδ-Fe phases and the appropriate improvement in the surface strength,collectively mitigating strain localization and surface fatigue damage within the gradient strengthening *** redistributed fineδ-Fe phases benefited by strong stress transfer of 3S reduce the risk of surface weak phase cracking,causing the fatigue fracture to transition from microstructure defects to crystal defects dominated by slip,further suppressing the initiation and early propagation of fatigue cracks.

关键词： 316L stainless steel Welded joint Surface spinning strengthening Nanotwin Fatigue life

Predicting changes in the suitable habitats of six halophytic plant species in the arid areas of Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第10期16卷 1380-1408页

作者： YANG Ao TU Wenqin YIN Benfeng ZHANG Shujun ZHANG Xinyu ZHANG Qing HUANG Yunjie HAN Zhili YANG Ziyue ZHOU Xiaobing ZHUANG Weiwei ZHANG Yuanming College of Life sciences Xinjiang Normal University/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation andRegulatory Biology/Key Laboratory of Special Environment Biodiversity Application and Regulation in Xinjiang/KeyLaboratory of Plant Stress Biology in Arid LandUrumqi 830054China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in AridLandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands Xinjiang Institute of Ecology andGeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Field Scientific Observation Research Station of Tianshan Wild Fruit Forest Ecosystem Yili Botanical GardenXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesXinyuan 835800China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China College of Biological sciences University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA College of Ecology and Environment Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830017China College of Resources and Environment/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes Xinjiang AgriculturalUniversityUrumqi 830052China College of Grassland Science Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China

In the context of changes in global climate and land uses,biodiversity patterns and plant species distributions have been significantly *** salinization is a growing problem,particularly in the arid areas of Northwest *** are ideal for restoring soil salinization because of their adaptability to salt *** this study,we collected the current and future bioclimatic data released by the WorldClim database,along with soil data from the Harmonized World Soil Database(v1.2)and A Big Earth Data Platform for Three *** the maximum entropy(MaxEnt)model,the potential suitable habitats of six halophytic plant species(Halostachys caspica(Bieb.)***.,Halogeton glomeratus(Bieb.)***.,Kalidium foliatum(Pall.)Moq.,Halocnemum strobilaceum(Pall.)Bieb.,Salicornia europaea L.,and Suaeda salsa(L.)Pall.)were assessed under the current climate conditions(average for 1970-2000)and future(2050s,2070s,and 2090s)climate scenarios(SSP245 and SSP585,where SSP is the Shared Socio-economic Pathway).The results revealed that all six halophytic plant species exhibited the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values higher than 0.80 based on the MaxEnt model,indicating the excellent performance of the MaxEnt *** suitability of the six halophytic plant species significantly varied across regions in the arid areas of Northwest *** different future climate change scenarios,the suitable habitat areas for the six halophytic plant species are expected to increase or decrease to varying *** global warming progresses,the suitable habitat areas of ***,***,and *** exhibited an increasing *** contrast,the suitable habitat areas of ***,***,and *** showed an opposite ***,considering the ongoing global warming trend,the centroids of the suitable habitat areas for various halophytic plant species would migrate to different degrees,and four halophytic plant species,namely,S.

关键词： halophytes climate change global warming maximum entropy(MaxEnt)model soil salinization suitable habitats Northwest China

Resolving controversies surrounding carbon sinks from carbonate weathering

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2705-2717页

作者： Xiaoyong BAI Sirui ZHANG Pete SMITH Chaojun LI Lian XIONG Chaochao DU Yingying XUE Zilin LI Mingkang LONG Minghui LI Xiaoyun ZHANG Shu YANG Qing LUO Xiaoqian SHEN State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Biological and Environmental sciences University of AberdeenAberdeen AB243UUUK College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Geography and Environmental sciences Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550025China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China

The importance of carbonate weathering carbon sinks(CCSs)is almost equal to that of vegetation photosynthesis in the global carbon ***,CCSs have become controversial in formulating carbon neutral policies to deal with global climate problems in various countries,since the carbonate dissolution is *** order to address these controversies,we reviewed recent advances in understanding CCSs and examined the outstanding controversies surrounding *** have analyzed the five controversies,revealing the existence of CCSs,quantifying their magnitude,clarifying their spatiotemporal pattern,and documenting how they have increased and how they evolved under the background of global *** addressing these five controversies,we help to bring clarity to the role of CCSs in the carbon cycle of global terrestrial ecosystems.

关键词： Carbon sink Carbonate weathering Carbon cycle Climate change Anthropogenic driver

Numerical evaluations on the fluid production in the in-situ conversion of continental shale oil reservoirs

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2485-2501页

作者： Zhao-Bin Zhang Maryelin Josefina Brice?o Montilla Shou-Ding Li Xiao Li Jian-Peng Xing Yan-Zhi Hu Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Earth sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth and Planetary sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Energy Peking University

In-situ conversion presents a promising technique for exploiting continental oil shale formations,characterized by highly fractured organic-rich rock. A 3D in-situ conversion model, which incorporates a discrete fracture network, is developed using a self-developed thermal-flow-chemical(TFC) *** of the model elucidates the in-situ conversion process in three stages and defines the transformation of fluids into three distinct outcomes according to their end stages. The findings indicate that kerogen decomposition increases fluid pressure, activating fractures and subsequently enhancing permeability. A comprehensive analysis of activated fracture permeability and heating power reveals four distinct production modes, highlighting that increasing heating power correlates with higher cumulative fluid production. Activated fractures, with heightened permeability, facilitate the mobility of heavy oil toward production wells but hinder its cracking, thereby limiting light hydrocarbon ***, energy efficiency research demonstrates the feasibility of the in-situ conversion in terms of energy utilization, especially when considering the surplus energy from high-fluctuation energy sources such as wind and solar power to provide heating.

关键词： In-situ conversion Continental shale oil Natural fracture network TFC model