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Multiplexed fluorescence and scatter detection with single cell resolution using on-chip fiber optics for droplet microfluidic applications

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 207-218页

作者： Preksha Gupta Ambili Mohan Apurv Mishra Atindra Nair Neeladri Chowdhury Dhanush Balekai Kavyashree Rai Anil Prabhakar Taslimarif Saiyed Discovery Innovation Accelerator Centre for Cellular and Molecular PlatformsBellary RoadBengaluru560065KarnatakaIndia Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036Tamil NaduIndia

Droplet microfluidics has emerged as a critical component of several high-throughput single-cell analysis techniques in biomedical research and *** significant progress in the development of individual assays,multiparametric optical sensing of droplets and their encapsulated contents has been *** current approaches,most commonly involving microscopy-based high-speed imaging of droplets,are technically complex and require expensive instrumentation,limiting their widespread *** address these limitations,we developed the OptiDrop platform;this platform is a novel optofluidic setup that leverages the principles of flow *** platform enables on-chip detection of the scatter and multiple fluorescence signals from the microfluidic droplets and their contents using optical *** highly customizable on-chip optical fiber-based signal detection system enables simplified,miniaturized,low-cost,multiparametric sensing of optical signals with high sensitivity and single-cell resolution within each *** demonstrate the ability of the OptiDrop platform,we conducted a differential expression analysis of the major histocompatibility complex(MHC)protein in response to IFNγ*** results showed the platform’s ability to sensitively detect cell surface biomarkers using fluorescently labeled ***,the OptiDrop platform combines the versatility of flow cytometry with the power of droplet microfluidics to provide wide-ranging,scalable optical sensing solutions for research and diagnostics.

关键词： scatter enable resolution

Numerical Analysis of Phase Change and Container Materials for Thermal Energy Storage in the Storage Tank of Solar Water Heating System

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 408-421页

作者： SINGH Shailendra ANAND Abhishek SHUKLA Amritanshu SHARMA Atul Non-Conventional Energy Laboratory Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum TechnologyJais Amethi229304India

This study evaluates the effectiveness of phase change materials(PCMs) inside a storage tank of warm water for solar water heating(SWH) system through the theoretical simulation based on the experimental model of *** et *** model is explained by five fundamental equations for the calculation of various parameters like the effectiveness of PCMs,the mass of hot water,total heat content,and duration of *** study simulated eleven PCMs to analyze their effectiveness like Sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate(SHPD),OM 37,N-Eicosane(NE),Lauric acid(LA),Paraffin wax(PW),OM 48,Paraffin wax C_(20-33)(PW-C20-33),Sodium acetate trihydrate(SAT),Palmitic acid(PA),Myristic acid(MA),and Stearic acid(SA).Among all PCMs,the SHPD has found the highest value of effectiveness factor of ***,it is the most recommended PCM for the storage tank of the SWH *** study also includes the melt fraction analysis of all enumerated PCMs corresponding to container materials of stainless steel,glass,aluminum mixed,tin,aluminum,and *** melt fraction analysis is performed by making a coding program in the FORTRAN programming *** the analysis,copper container material is found to have high melting rate for all PCMs so it is superior to other container materials.

关键词： theoretical model solar water heating system phase change material effectiveness factor melt fraction

Defect mediated losses and degradation of perovskite solar cells:Origin impacts and reliable characterization techniques

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 217-253页

作者： Himangshu Baishy Ramkrishna Das Adhikari Mayur Jagdishbhai Patel Deepak Yadav Tapashi Sarmah Mizanur Alam Manab Kalita Parameswar Krishnan lyer Centre for Nanotechnology Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati 781039AssamIndia Department of Chemistry Indian Institute ofTechnology GuwahatGuwahati739AssamIndi

The rapid advancement of halide-based hybrid perovskite materials has garnered significant research attention,particularly in the domain of photovoltaic *** to their exceptional optoelec-tronic properties,they demonstrated power conversion efficiency(PcE)of over 25%in single junction solar *** the notable progress in PCE over the past decade,the inherent high defect density pre-senting in perovskite materials gives rise to several loss mechanisms and associated ion migration in per-ovskite solar cells(PsCs)during operational *** factors collectively contribute to a significant stability challenge in PsCs,placing their longevity far behind for *** numerous reports have explored defects,ion migration,and their impacts on device performance,a com-prehensive correlation between the types of defects and the degradation kinetics of perovskite materials and PsCs has been *** this context,this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the origins of defects and ion migration,emphasizing their correlation with the degradation kinetics of per-ovskite materials and PsCs,leveraging reliable characterization ***,these charac-terization techniques are intended to comprehend loss mechanisms by different passivation approaches to enhance the durability and PCE of PSCs.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Defects lon migration Degradation Stability

Developing occupant archetypes within urban low-income housing: A case study in Mumbai, India

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Building Simulation 2022年第9期15卷 1661-1683页

作者： Jeetika Malik Ronita Bardhan Tianzhen Hong Mary Ann Piette Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron RoadBerkeleyCA 94720USA Centre for Urban Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai-400076India Department of Architecture University of CambridgeCB2 IPXUK

Rapid urbanization pressure and poverty have created a push for affordable housing within the global *** design of affordable housing can have consequences on the thermal(dis)comfort and behaviour of the occupants,hence requiring an occupant-centric approach to ensure *** paper investigates occupant behaviour within the urban poor households of Mumbai,India and its impact on their thermal comfort and energy *** study is a first-of-its-kind attempt to explore the socio-demographic characteristics and energy-related behaviour of low-income occupants within Indian *** occupant archetypes,Indifferent Consumers;Considerate Savers;and Conscious Conventionals,were identified from the behavioural and psychographic characteristics gathered through a transverse field survey.A two-step clustering approach was adopted for occupant segmentation that highlighted considerable diversity in occupants’adaptation measures,energy knowledge,energy habits,and their pro-environmental behaviour within similar socio-economic *** energy simulation of the representative archetype behaviour estimated up to 37%variations for air-conditioned and up to 8%variation for fan-assisted naturally ventilated housing units during peak summer *** results from this study establish the significance of occupant factors in shaping energy demand and thermal comfort within low-income housing and pave way for developing occupant-centric building design strategies to serve this marginalized *** developed low-income occupant archetypes would be useful for architects and energy modelers to generate realistic energy use profiles and improve building performance simulation results.

关键词： occupant archetype behaviour energy use thermal comfort low-income housing

基于SCB和3D-DIC技术的既有沥青路面剩余寿命预估

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公路交通科技 2024年第2期41卷 48-56,78页

作者：胡洪龙江臣杨洋程龙张定一华设设计集团股份有限公司江苏南京210014 江苏省交通工程建设局江苏南京210005 东南大学交通学院江苏南京211189

在改扩建项目中准确评价超服役周期高速公路沥青路面的剩余寿命,对于合理制订既有高速公路沥青路面的利用策略至关重要。从服役周期超过20 a的高速公路上钻取27个沥青混凝土芯样,并制作成54个半圆试件,分别进行半圆弯曲(SCB)断裂和半圆... 详细信息

在改扩建项目中准确评价超服役周期高速公路沥青路面的剩余寿命,对于合理制订既有高速公路沥青路面的利用策略至关重要。从服役周期超过20 a的高速公路上钻取27个沥青混凝土芯样,并制作成54个半圆试件,分别进行半圆弯曲(SCB)断裂和半圆弯曲(SCB)疲劳试验,评价既有沥青混凝土路面的抗疲劳特性和剩余寿命。为解决传统测试方法无法实时捕捉沥青混凝土在高周疲劳试验中试件表面裂缝拓展问题,引入立体数字图像关联(3DDIC)技术监测试件表面应变场以及裂缝长度随疲劳荷载次数的演化趋势,结合K-d tree算法计算了每个疲劳荷载循环对应DIC图像中裂缝长度的变化。同时,采用双线性软化内聚区模型(CZM)确定沥青混凝土裂缝的应变阈值,从而保证了K-d tree算法计算裂缝长度的准确性。构建了Paris方程主曲线消除沥青混凝土开裂参数在不同应力比下的不一致性,在宽荷载域范围内表征各种路段沥青混凝土的抗疲劳性能。结果表明:既有沥青混凝土裂缝的应变阈值为1980με;随着应力比的增大,Paris方程A和n参数分别表现出波动增加和平稳下降趋势,而应力强度因子阈值呈平稳上升趋势;K84,K124,K165路段沥青面层剩余寿命分别为2.13E+08,3.57E+08,1.02E+07,除K165路段外,其他路段的剩余疲劳寿命均满足路面设计年限内交通量要求。

关键词：道路工程剩余疲劳寿命 SCB试验既有沥青路面 CZM Paris方程

Bioresorbable magnesium-based alloys containing strontium doped nanohydroxyapatite promotes bone healing in critical sized bone defect in rat femur shaft

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第1期11卷 270-286页

作者： Shazia Shaikh Irfan Qayoom R.Sarvesha Ashok Kumar Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur 208016India Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur 208016India Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur 208016India Center for Nanosciences Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur 208016India The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur 208016India

Magnesium-based biomaterials have been in extensive research for orthopedic applications for decades due to their optimal mechanical features and osteopromotive nature;nevertheless,rapid degradation restricts their clinical *** this study,pristine magnesium was purified(P-Mg)using a melt self-purification approach and reinforced using indigenously synthesized nanohydroxyapatite(HAP,0.6 wt.%)and strontium substituted nanohydroxyapatite(SrHAP,0.6 wt.%)using a low-cost stir assisted squeeze casting method to control their degradation *** electron back-scattered diffraction(EBSD)and X-ray diffraction(XRD)examinations,all casted materials were carefully evaluated for microstructure and phase *** characteristics,in vitro degradation,and in vitro biocompatibility with murine pre-osteoblasts were also tested on the fabricated *** in vivo examination of bone formation,osteointegration,and degradation rate,the magnesium-based alloys were fabricated as small cylindrical pins with a diameter of 2.7 mm and a height of 2 *** pins were implanted in a critical-sized defect in a rat femur shaft(2.7 mm diameter and 2 mm depth)for 8 weeks and evaluated by microCT and histological evaluation for bone growth and *** compared to P-Mg and P-MgHAP,micro-CT and histological analyses revealed that the P-MgSrHAP group had the highest bone formation towards the periphery of the implant and hence maximum *** the removed pins from the bone defect were analyzed using GIXRD,they displayed hydroxyapatite peaks that were consistent with *** P-Mg,P-MgHAP,and P-MgSrHAP 8 weeks after implantation,in vivo degradation rates derived from micro-CT were around 0.6 mm/year,0.5 mm/year,and 0.1 mm/year,***,P-MgSrHAP possesses the requisite degradation rate as well as sufficient mechanical and biological properties,indicating that it has the potential to be used in the development/fabrication of bi

关键词： Magnesium purification Reinforcement Degradation rate Nanocement Bone regeneration

Simplistic hydrothermal synthesis approach for fabricating photoluminescent carbon dots and its potential application as an efficient sensor probe for toxic lead(II)ion detection

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第5期17卷 536-547页

作者： Trisita Ghosh Rajkumar Sahoo Suman Kumar Ghosh Pallab Banerji Narayan Ch.Das Rubber Technology Centre Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpur 721302India Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpur 721302India Materials Science Centre Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpur 721302India

The past decade has witnessed a variety of members of the carbon family along with exposure of carbon dots due to their magnificent properties in sensing,bioimaging,catalytic applications,biomedical fields,and so ***,we report the simple hydrothermal method to fabricate photoluminescent doped carbon quantum dots for the detection of noxious lead(II)***(II)ion is very venomous for both the environment and human health for which its detection is demanded area in the research *** as-prepared carbon dots show excellent photostability,low toxicity and significant photoluminescence properties along with good water *** with these properties,carbon dots have a quantum yield of approximately 15%.In the practical field of application,these carbon dots have been used as sensing probes for the detection of lead(II)ions with a detection limit of 60 nmol·L^(–1).The fluorescence intensity of carbon dots was remarkably quenched in the presence of the lead(II)ion selectively among all the tested metal ***,we have studied the Stern–Volmer relationship for lead(II)quenching along with the explanation of the probable quenching *** of the doped carbon dots in heavy metal ions sensing in an environmental sample was demonstrated.

关键词： carbon dots fluorescence heavy metal sensing practical application photoluminescence

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叠加噪声干扰图像双阈值像素级分割方法

电脑编程技巧与维护 2024年第4期 134-136,150页

作者：孙百康李艳军周茂辉南京航空航天大学南京210000

受干扰噪声的影响,在对图像进行分割处理时,难以实现对目标区域边缘的准确判断,导致错分的情况。为此,提出了叠加噪声干扰图像双阈值像素级分割方法。以叠加噪声干扰图像的灰度直方图为基础,在计算熵值的前提下,设置两个初始阈值为灰度... 详细信息

受干扰噪声的影响,在对图像进行分割处理时,难以实现对目标区域边缘的准确判断,导致错分的情况。为此,提出了叠加噪声干扰图像双阈值像素级分割方法。以叠加噪声干扰图像的灰度直方图为基础,在计算熵值的前提下,设置两个初始阈值为灰度范围的三等分点,按照步长5的标准迭代,并确定熵最大的阈值组合为叠加噪声干扰图像的最大熵双阈值。在分割阶段,利用计算得到的叠加噪声干扰图像最大熵双阈值进行边缘检测,并引入了一个3×3的窗口,计算噪声周围像素的平均值,实现对噪声像素的赋值,实现像素级分割。测试结果表明,该方法不仅实现了对背景的有效分割,还未造成目标区域缺失,且像素错分情况始终处于较低水平,对应的占比未超过0.60%。

关键词：叠加噪声干扰图像像素级分割最大熵双阈值边缘检测噪声像素的赋值

基于BAM和CNN-GRU混合模型的辅助动力装置排气温度预测方法

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推进技术 2022年第11期43卷 367-375页

作者：何永勃曹祝兵于洁中国民航大学电子信息与自动化学院天津300300

对飞机辅助动力装置(Auxiliary Power Unit,APU)排气温度(Exhaust Gas Temperature,EGT)的准确预测可为APU健康管理提供重要信息。传统方法在长周期预测中精度较低。提出一种基于特征与时序的双侧注意力机制(Bilateral Attention Mechan... 详细信息

对飞机辅助动力装置(Auxiliary Power Unit,APU)排气温度(Exhaust Gas Temperature,EGT)的准确预测可为APU健康管理提供重要信息。传统方法在长周期预测中精度较低。提出一种基于特征与时序的双侧注意力机制(Bilateral Attention Mechanism,BAM)和卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Network,CNN)-门控循环单元(Gated Recurrent Unit,GRU)的混合模型,选取5个与排气温度关联度较高的特征参数对EGT进行多变量预测。引入BAM可自动量化输入变量与EGT的关联度,并加强历史关键信息对预测输出的表达;引入CNN可提取反映EGT非平稳动态变化的高维特征。实验结果表明:所提出的混合模型在单步与多步的长时间序列和多变量输入EGT预测均取得很好的效果。相比于BAM-GRU模型、CNN-GRU模型、GRU模型、长短期记忆(Long Short-Term Memory,LSTM)模型、支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)模型和反向传播(Back Propagation,BP)模型,混合模型的预测精度有较大程度提高。

关键词：辅助动力装置排气温度门控循环单元特征注意力机制时序注意力机制卷积神经网络