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Enhanced autophagic clearance of amyloid-βvia histone deacetylase 6-mediated V-ATPase assembly and lysosomal acidification protects against Alzheimer's disease in vitro and in vivo

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第9期20卷 2633-2644页

作者： Zhimin Long Chuanhua Ge Yueyang Zhao Yuanjie Liu Qinghua Zeng Qing Tang Zhifang Dong Guiqiong He Institute of Neuroscience School of Basic Medical SciencesChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Anatomy Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Physiology Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Pediatric research Institute Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina National Clinical research Center for Child Health and Disorders Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Recent studies have suggested that abnormal acidification of lysosomes induces autophagic accumulation of amyloid-βin neurons,which is a key step in senile plaque ***,resto ring normal lysosomal function and rebalancing lysosomal acidification in neurons in the brain may be a new treatment strategy for Alzheimer's *** acetylation/deacetylation plays a central role in lysosomal ***,we show that inhibiting the classic microtubule deacetylase histone deacetylase 6 with an histone deacetylase 6 shRNA or thehistone deacetylase 6 inhibitor valproic acid promoted lysosomal reacidification by modulating V-ATPase assembly in Alzheimer's *** rthermore,we found that treatment with valproic acid markedly enhanced *** clearance of amyloid-βaggregates,and ameliorated cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's *** findings demonstrate a previously unknown neuroprotective mechanism in Alzheimer's disease,in which histone deacetylase 6 inhibition by valproic acid increases V-ATPase assembly and lysosomal acidification.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β APP/PS1 mice autophagy cognitive impairment histone deacetylase 6 lysosomal acidification microtubule acetylation valproic acid V-ATPase

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Freestanding hierarchical porous carbon film derived from hybrid nanocellulose for high-power supercapacitors

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Nano research 2017年第5期10卷 1847-1860页

作者： Zhi Li Kaveh Ahadi Keren Jiang Behzad Ahvazi Peng Li Anthony O. Anyia Ken Cadien Thomas Thundat Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2V4 Canada Biomass Conversion & Processing Technologies InnoTech Alberta Innovates-Technology Futures Edmonton Alberta T6N 1E4 Canada nanoFAB University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2V4 Canada National research Council of Canada 100 Sussex Drive Ottawa Ontario K1A OR6 Canada

Nanocellulose is a sustainable and eco-friendly nanomaterial derived from renewable biomass. In this study, we utilized the structural advantages of two types of nanocellulose and fabricated freestanding carbonized hybrid nanocellulose films as electrode materials for supercapacitors. The long cellulose nanofibrils （CNFs） formed a macroporous framework, and the short cellulose nanocrystals were assembled around the CNF framework and generated micro/mesopores. This two-level hierarchical porous structure was successfully preserved during carbonization because of a thin atomic layer deposited （ALD） A1203 conformal coating, which effectively prevented the aggregation of nanocellulose. These carbonized, partially graphitized nanocellulose fibers were interconnected, forming an integrated and highly conductive network with a large specific surface area of 1,244 m2·g-1. The two-level hierarchical porous structure facilitated fast ion transport in the film. When tested as an electrode material with a high mass loading of 4 mg·cm-2 for supercapacitors, the hierarchical porous carbon film derived from hybrid nanocellulose exhibited a specific capacitance of 170 F·g-1 and extraordinary performance at high current densities. Even at a very high current of 50 A-g-l, it retained 65% of its original specific capacitance, which makes it a promising electrode material for high-power applications.

关键词： nanocellulose supercapacitors hierarchical structure atomic layer deposition(ALD) integrated structure

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Relating estimates of wood properties of birch to stem form, age and species

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Journal of Forestry research 2024年第3期35卷 1-11页

作者： Grace Jones Maria Ulan Mateusz Liziniewicz Johan Lindeberg Stergios Adamopoulos Teagasc Forestry Development Department Ashtown Research CentreDublin 15 D15DY05Ireland research Institutes of Sweden(RISE) GoteborgSweden The Forest research Institute of Sweden(Skogforsk) Ekebo 225026890SvalovSweden Department of Forestry and Wood Technology Linnaeus University35195VaxjoSweden Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 700875007 UppsalaSweden

Birch has long suffered from a lack of active forest management,leading many researchers to use mate-rial without a detailed management *** collected from three birch(Betula pendula Roth,*** Ehrh.)sites in southern Sweden were analyzed using regression analysis to detect any trends or differences in wood proper-ties that could be explained by stand history,tree age and stem *** sites were genetics trials established in the same *** of acoustic velocity(AV)from non-destructive testing(NDT)and predicted AV had a higher correlation if data was pooled across sites and other stem form factors were considered.A subsample of stems had radial profiles of X-ray wood density and ring width by year created,and wood density was related to ring number from the pith and ring *** seemed likely that wood density was negatively related to ring width for both birch *** models had slight improvements if site and species were included,but only the youngest site with trees at age 15 had both birch *** paper indicated that NDT values need to be considered separately,and any predictive models will likely be improved if they are specific to the site and birch species measured.

关键词： Acoustic velocity Non-destructive testing Predictive models Regression analysis Wood density

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Increasing multicast transmission rate with localized multipath in software-defined networks

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2019年第2期13卷 413-425页

作者： Siyuan TANG Bei HUA School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) Hefei 230027 China Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study USTC Suzhou 215123 China

Network layer multicast is a highly efficient oneto ?many transmission mode. Data rates supported by different group members may differ if these members are located in different network environments. Currently there are roughly two types of methods solving the problem, one is limiting the data rate so that every group member can sustain transmissions, and the other is building multiple trees to increase the provision of network bandwidth. The former is inefficient in bandwidth usage, and the latter adds too many states in the network, which is a serious problem in Software-Defined Networks. In this paper, we propose to build localized extra path(s) for each bottleneck link in the tree. By providing extra bandwidth to reinforce the bottleneck links, the overall data rate is increased. As extra paths are only built in small areas around the bottleneck links, the number of states added in the network is restrained to be as small as possible. Experiments on Mimnet verify the effectiveness of our solution.

关键词： software-defined networking network layer multicast localized multipath

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Model analysis for combustion characteristics of RDF pellet

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2002年第3期12卷 534-539页

作者： LIUGui－qing H.Hakamada 等 DepartmentofChemicalEnginering NagoyaUniversityJapan Chemical＆EnvironmentalEngineeringDepartment KawasakiHeavyIndustriesLtd.Japan

Fundamental studies of the combustion characteristics and the de HCl behavior of a single refuse derived fuel(RDF) pellet were carried out to explain the de HCl phenomena of RDF during fluidized bed combustion and to provide data for the development of high efficiency power generation technology using RDF previously. For further interpreting the devolatilization and the char combustion processes of RDF quantitatively, an unsteady combustion model for single RDF pellet, involving reaction rates, heat transfer and oxygen diffusion in the RDF pellet, was developed. Comparisons of simulation results with experimental data for mass loss of the RDF samples made from municipal solid waste, wood chips and poly propylene when they were heated at 10K/min or put into the furnace under 1?073?K show the verifiability of the model. Using this model, the distributions of the temperature and the reaction ratio along the radius of RDF pellet during the devolatilization process and the char combustion process were presented, and discussion about the inference of heating rate on the combustion characteristics were performed.

关键词： RDF 燃烧特性模型分析

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The Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor MYC1 Is Involved in the Regulation of the Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway in Grapevine

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Molecular Plant 2010年第3期3卷 509-523页

作者： Imene Hichri Simon C. Heppel Jeremy Pillet Celine Leon Stefan Czemmel Serge Delrot Virginie Lauvergeat Jochen Bogs Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et G~nomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne~lNRA Universit~ de Bordeaux 210 Chernin deLeysotte 33882 Villenave d'Ornon France Heideiberger Institut for Pflanzenwissenschaften im Neuenheimer Feld 360 69120 Heidelberg Germany

Previous results indicated that in grapevine （Vitis vinifera）, regulation of the flavonoid pathway genes by MYB transcription factors depends on their interaction with basic helix-loop-helix proteins （bHLHs）. The present study describes the first functional characterization of a bHLH factor from grapevine named VvMYC1. This transcription factor is phylogenetically related to Arabidopsis bHLH proteins, which participate in the control of flavonoid biosynthesis and epidermal cell fate. Transient promoter and yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated that VvMYC1 physically interacts with MYB5a, MYB5b, MYBA1/A2, and MYBPA1 to induce promoters of flavonoid pathway genes involved in anthocyanin and/ or proanthocyanidin （PA） synthesis. Additionally, transient promoter assays revealed that VvMYC1 is involved in feedback regulation of its own expression. Transcript levels of VvMYC1 during berry development correlate with the synthesis of anthocyanins and PAs in skins and seeds of berries, suggesting that VvMYC1 is involved in the regulation of anthocyanins and PA synthesis in these organs. Likewise, transient expression of VvMYC1 and VvMYBA1 induces anthocyanin synthesis in grapevine suspension cells. These results suggest that VvMYCl is part of the transcriptional cascade controlling antho- cyanin and PA biosynthesis in grapevine.

关键词： Fruit ripening molecular physiology secondary metabolismmphenylpropanoids and phenolics gene regu-lation transcriptional control and transcription factors grapevine.

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Biogenesis and regulation of the let-7 miRNAs and their functional implications

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Protein & Cell 2016年第2期7卷 100-113页

作者： Hosuk Lee Sungwook Han Chang Seob Kwon Daeyoup Lee Department of Biological Sciences Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 305-701 Korea Department of Chemistry and Biology Korea Science Academy of KAIST Busan 614-822 Korea

The let-7 miRNAwas one of the first miRNAs discovered in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, and its biological functions show a high level of evolutionary conservation from the nematode to the human. Unlike in C. elegans, higher animals have multiple isoforms of let-7 miRNAs; these isoforms share a consensus sequence called the ＇seed sequence＇ and these isoforms are categorized into let-7 miRNA family. The expression of let-7 family is required for developmental timing and tumor suppressor function, but must be suppressed for the self-renewal of stem cells. Therefore, let-7 miRNA biogenesis must be carefully controlled. To generate a let-7 miRNA, a primary transcript is produced by RNA polymerase Ⅱ and then subsequently processed by Drosha/DGCR8, TUTase, and Dicer. Because dysregulation of let-7 processing is deleterious, biogenesis of let-7 is tightly regulated by cellular factors, such as the RNA binding proteins, LIN28A/B and DIS3L2. In this review, we discuss the biological functions and biogenesis of let-7 miRNAs, focusing on the molecular mechanisms of regulation of let-7 biogenesis in ver- tebrates, such as the mouse and the human.

关键词： miRNA processing miRNA biogenesis,let-7 family TUTase LIN28A/B

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Polydopamine-derived N-doped carbon-wrapped Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode H with superior rate capability and cycling stability for sodium-ion I batteries

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Nano research 2019年第2期12卷 397-404页

作者： Hyeongwoo Kim Hyojun Lim Hyung-Seok Kim Ki Jae Kim Dongjin Byun Wonchang Choi Center for Energy Storage research Korea Institute of Science and Technology 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02792 Republic of Korea Department of Material Science and Engineering Korea University 145 Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea Division of Energy & Environment Technology KIST School Korea University of Science and Technology 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gik Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02792 Republic of Korea Department of Energy Engineering Konkuk University 120 Neungdong-ro Gwangin-gu Seoul 05029 Republic of Korea

Na superionic conductor (NASICON)-type Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) has been regarded as a promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, NVP suffers from poor cyclability and rate capability because of its intrinsically low electronic conductivity. Herein, we successfully syn thesized N-doped carb on-wrapped Na3V2(PO4)3 (NC@NVP) through the carb on izati on of polydopami ne, which is rich in nitrogen species. The strong adhesion properties of the polydopamine lead to effective and homogeneous wrapping of NVP particles, and it I is further turned into a con ductive N-doped carb on n etwork itself, providi ng facile diffusi on of electr ons and Na+ i ons duri ng battery operation. NC@NVP displays remarkable electrochemical performanee, even under harsh operating conditions, such as a high rate capability (discharge capacity of 70.88, 49.21 mA·h·g^-1 at 50 and 100 C), long-term cycling stability (capacity retention of 94.77% over 1,000 cycles at 20 C), and high-temperature cycling (capacity retention of 92.0% after 500 cycles at 60 ℃).

关键词： polydopamine N-doped carbon Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode sodium-ion batteries

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Development of mRNA vaccines and their prophylactic and therapeutic applications

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Nano research 2018年第10期11卷 5173-5192页

作者： Kyuri Lee Minjeong Kim Yunmi Seo Hyukjin Lee College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul 13760 Republic of Korea

Nucleic acid vaccines have attracted enormous attention for resolving the limitations of conventional vaccines using live attenuated viruses. Because nucleic acid vaccines can be produced rapidly in response to the emergence of new virus strains, they are more appropriate for the control of urgent epidemic and pandemic issues. In particular, messenger RNA （mRNA） vaccines have evolved as a new type of nucleic acid vaccines in accordance with their superior protein expression and a lack of mutagenesis as compared with DNA vaccines. Using mRNA vaccines, large amounts of target proteins can be expressed in immune cells for efficient immunization. For instance, antigen-specific vaccination is a feasible option involving the expression of specific antigens in antigen-presenting cells. Immunological reactions are modulated by expressing several proteins associated with stimulation or maturation of immune cells. In addition, mRNA vaccines can stimulate innate immunity through specific recognition by pattern recognition receptors. On the basis of these remarkable properties, mRNA vaccines have been used for prophylactic and therapeutic applications. This review highlights the role of mRNA vaccines as prophylactic vaccines for prevention of future infections and as therapeutic vaccines for cancer immunotherapy. In addition to the conventional type of mRNA vaccines, RNA replicons （self-amplifying mRNA vaccines） will be described.

关键词： messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines prophylactic vaccines self-amplifying mRNA vaccines therapeutic vaccine cancer immunotherapy

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The codes of matter and their applications

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Science Bulletin 2015年第19期60卷 1661-1673页

作者： Xiao-Lin Wang Spintronic and Electronic Materials Group Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australia Institute for Innovative Materials University of Wollongong

The elements in the periodic table are the building blocks used to form substances with different compositions. Nevertheless, it is the properties of substances that are decisive for their existence and practical applications. Searching for new class of materials with exotic properties has always been challenging because of the complexity of both the theoretical and the experimental approaches developed so far. Here, we propose that the three ubiquitous and paramount attributes of all existing matter charge(Q), spin(S) or rotational motion, and linear motion(K) can be used to account for the formation of different types of matter/materials and their properties that have been or will be known to us. The three attributes or original codes can produce six primary codes which can further produce another sixty codes. The physical meanings represented by each code are unlocked. The table consisting of the 60 codes is introduced as the table of properties of codes of matter. We demonstrate that these codes can be used as building blocks to form new properties and new materials. Many new types of quasiparticles and new classes of materials with exotic properties of Q, S and K are predicted. Their possible experimental realizations are proposed. The possible applications of the codes of matter in other fields such as elementary particles, photonics and chemistry are briefly discussed. We know that there should be more new materials and new electronic, spin and photonic states to be discovered, but we do not know what they are. The codes of matter clearly reveal to us how many and what they are and how easily we can recognize what they are. Experimental and theoretical exploration for new forms of matter, new quasiparticles, or new electronic and spin states, or new states of photon or properties of light, as well as macroscopic entities with exotic properties represented by the codes of matter, is imminent.

关键词： New materials New electronic state New method Materials design

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