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Population pharmacokinetics of valproate in Chinese children with epilepsy

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第10期28卷 1677-1684页

作者： De-chun JIANG~(2,3),Li WANG~4,Yu-qin WANG~(2,6),Lin LI~3,Wei LU~5,Xiang-rong BAI~2~2 Department of Pharmacy,Xuan-wu Hospital of Capital Medical university,beijing 100053,china ~4 Department of Pediatrics,peking universityFirst Hospital,beijing 100034,china ~3 Department of Pharmacology,Xuan-wu Hospital of Capital Medical university,Education Ministry KeyLaboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases,beijing 100053,china ~5 school of pharmaceutical science,peking university,beijing 100083,china Department of Pharmacy Xuan-wu Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing China Department of Pharmacology Xuan-wu Hospital of Capital Medical University Education Ministry Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases Beijing China Department of Pediatrics Peking University First Hospital Beijing China school of pharmaceutical science Peking University Beijing China

Aim:The aim of the present study is to establish a population pharmacokinetic（PPK） model of valproate （VPA） in Chinese epileptic children to promote thereasonable use of anti-epileptic ***:Sparse data of VPA serumconcentrations from 417 epileptic children were *** patients weredivided into 2 groups:the PPK model group （n=317） and the PPK valid group（n=100）.The PPK parameter values of VPA were calculated by NONMEM soft-ware using the data of the PPK model group.A basic model and a final modelwere set *** validate the 2 models,the concentrations of PPK valid groupwere predicted by each model,*** mean prediction error （MPE）,mean squared prediction error （MSPE）,root mean squared prediction error（RMSPE）,weight residues （WRES）,and the 95% confidence intervals （95%CI） were also ***,the values between the 2 models were ***:The PPK of VPA was determined by a 1-compartment model with afirst-order absorption *** basic model was:Ka=3.09 (h-1),V/F=20.4（L）,CL/F=0.296 （L/h）.The final model was:Ka=0.251+2.24·（1-HS）(h-1),V/F=2.88+0.157·WT （L）,CL/F=0.1060.98·CO+0.0157·AGE （L/h）.For thebasic model,the MPE,MSPE,RMSPE,WRES,and the 95% CI were-23.53（-30.36,-16.70）,3728.96 （2872.72,4585.20）,39.62 （34.34,44.90）,and-0.06 （-0.14,0.02）,*** the final model,the MPE,MSPE,RMSPE,WRES,and the95% CI were-1.16 （-4.85,2.53）,1002.83 （1050.64,1143.61）,23.04 （21.12,24.96）,and0.08 （-0.04,0.20）,*** final model was more optimal than the ***:The PPK model of VPA in Chinese epileptic children wassuccessfully *** will be valuable to facilitate individualized dosageregimens.

关键词： population pharmacokinetics valproic acid epilepsy children Bayesian method NONMEM software individualized dosage regimens

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β2 Adrenergic receptor on T lymphocytes and its clinical implications

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2009年第1期19卷 17-23页

作者： Xuelai Fan a,Yuedan Wang b,a peking university,school of pharmaceutical sciences,beijing 100083,china b peking university,school of Basic Medical sciences,beijing 100083,china peking university School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Beijing 100083 China peking university School of Basic Medical Sciences Beijing 100083 China

Sustained complex cross-talk between the immune system and the nervous system plays a vital role in retaining homeostasis in a healthy *** of the central regulatory mechanisms involved is the existence and functions of β2-adrenergic receptors(β2AR) on T *** article reviews research progress made recently,including the expression of adrenergic receptors on T lymphocytes,the structure and intracellular pathways of β2AR,the activation of β2AR by either endogenous or exogenous agonists,and the effect of β2AR stimulation on T cells which alters T cell proliferation,differentiation,cytokine production and T-helper-mediated antibody ***,we discuss the roles of β2AR played in the pathogenesis and treatment of autoimmune diseases.

关键词： Neuroimmunology β2-adrenergic receptor T cell Autoimmune

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Theorems for Testing Local Activity of CNN and Application to Cardiac Purkinje Equations

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2000年第2期14卷 139-146页

作者： Lequan Min(Applied science school, university of science and Technology beijing, beijing 100083, china) Applied science school University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The theorems for testing the local in one-port cellular neural/inear network (CNN) cells with four local state variables are presented. Using the theorems computes the bifurcation diagrams of the cardiac Purkinje fiber (CPE) equations Which describethe long-lasting action and pace-maker potentials of the Purkinje fiber of the heart. The computer simulation shows that periodic trajectories or convergent trajectories of the CPF Equations can be foun if the cormsponing cell Parameters are located in a positive domainbut nearby edge of chaos. In particular a heart with approximate normal frequency of heartbeat but non-normal electrocardiogram maysuddenly stop by slightly perturbing the parameters of the corresponding CPF Equations when the Paramders are located nearby the edge of chaos in the bifurcation diagrams. This research seems to interpret reasonbly the phenomena that patients with cardiac diseases might suddenly die without warning.

关键词： cellular neural network local activity cardiac Purkinje fiber heartbeat

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Carbon Solubility and Mass Action Concentrations of Fe-Cr-C Melts

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2000年第2期14卷 86-91页

作者： Jtan Zhang(Metallurgy school, university of science and Technology beijing, beijing 100083, china) Metallurgy school University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

An empirical equation of carbon solubility in Fe-Cr-C melts is regressed based on the experimental data from references. Acalculating model of mass action concentrations for these melts is formulated on the basis of the coexistence theory of metaIlic melts in-volving compound formation, the phase diagram of Cr-C system as well as thermodynamic data of Fe-Cr-C melts. According to the mod-el, the standard Gibbs free energies of formation of CrC and Cr3C2 are obtained. Satisfactory agreement between the calculated and me-asured values shows that the model can reflect the structural characteristics of Fe-Cr-C melts.

关键词： activity, coexistence theory mass action concentration saturated state

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Applicability of mass action law to sulphur distribution between slag melts and liquid iron

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Journal of university of science and Technology beijing 2002年第2期9卷 90-98页

作者： Jian Zhang Metallurgy school, university of science and Technology beijing, beijing 100083, china Metall. Sch. Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Beijing Beijing 100083 China

According to the mass action law and the coexistence theory of slagstructure, the calculating models of mass action concentration for CaO-MgO-FeO-Fe_2O_3-SiO_2,CaO-MgO-MnO-FeO-Fe_2O_3-P_2O_5-SiO_2 and CaO-MgO-MnO-FeO-Fe_2O_3-Al_2O_3-P_2O_5-SiO_2 slag melts areformulated and sulphur distribution between the slag melts and liquid iron is treated. It is foundthat CaO, MnO and FeO promote desulphurization, while MgO is detrimental to desulphurization. Inaddition, the sulphur distribution coefficients between the slag melts and liquid iron andpresented.

关键词： mass action law coexistence theory of slag structure activity massaction concentration

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Application of annexation principle to the study of thermodynamic properties of Ag-Bi-In metallic melts

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Journal of university of science and Technology beijing 2003年第1期10卷 18-20页

作者： Jian ZhangMetallurgy school, university of science and Technology beijing, beijing 100083, china Metall. Sch. Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Based on the measured activities, the phase diagrams and the annexation principle, the calculating models of mass action concentrations for Ag-Bi and Ag-Bi-In melts have been formulated. The calculated results agree with practice and obey the mass action law, showing that the models formulated can reflect the structural characteristics of both melts. Meanwhile, it confirms that annexation principle is applicable to the Ag-Bi-In metallic melts. The melts involving eulectic which give rise to phase separation, and in which activities exhibit positive deviation from Raoult's law is the basic cause of melts transforming from homogeneous to heterogeneous ones.

关键词： the mass action law annexation principle two phase melts activity, mass action concentration

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Application of the annexation principle to the study of thermodynamic properties of ternary metallic melts In-Pb-Ag and In-Bi-Sb

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Rare Metals 2002年第2期21卷 142-151页

作者： ZHANG JianMetallurgical Engineering school.university of science and Technology beijing, beijing 100083, china Metallurgical Engineering school University of Science and Technology Beijing 北京 100083

Based on the phase diagrams, measured activities an the annexationprinciple, the calculating models of mass action concentrations forin-Pb-Ag and In-Bi-Sb ternary metallic melts have been *** results of calculation both agree with practice, and obey the lawof mass action, showing that the models formulated can reflect thestructural reality of the corresponding melts and the annexationprinciple is applicable to the them.

关键词： activity mass action concnetration th annexation principle In-PB-Ag

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Calculating model of mass action concentrations for Ag-Au-Cu melts

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Rare Metals 2002年第1期21卷 43-47页

作者： ZHANG Jian Metallurgy school, university of science and Technology beijing, beijing 100083, china Metallurgy school University of Science and Technology Beijing 北京 100083

Based on phase diagrams and measured activities, the calculatingmodel of mass action concentrations for het- erogeneous meltsAg-Au-Cu was formulated. Calculated results agree with the improvedresults of recent research work, Showing that the model formulatedcan reflect the structural characteristics of these melts. In thismodel, without the help Of any empirical parameters, only threeequilibrium constants are used, hence it is simple, lear, andfavorable to the sim- Plification of calculation.

关键词： activity mass action concentration eutectic Solid solution

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Fractal Structure of the Core Loss Spectrum of Co-based Amorphous Soft Magnetic Alloy with Constant Permeability

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 1999年第1期13卷 54-56页

作者： Yiping Chen (Applied science school, university of science and Technology beijing, beijing 100083, china) Applied science school University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

In order to check the traditional core loss formula, the core loss spectrum P(f) of Co-based amorphous soft magnetic alloy with constant permeability has been studied. It is found that within a high frequency range from 10 kHz to 200 kHz and at Bm = 0. 1 T,the P(f) has the fractal structure P (f) = Po, and with the increasing of induced anisotropy energy Ku, the fractal dimension Dfrises, thus the total power loss at high frequency increases and the frequency characteristic of P(f) becomes worse.

关键词： amorphous soft magnetic alloy constant permeability core loss fractal

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Calculating Model of Mass Action Concentrations for Mn-C Melts and Optimization of Thermodynamic Parameters

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 1998年第4期12卷 208-211页

作者： Jian Zhang(Metallurgy school, university of science and Technology beijing, beijing 100083, china) Metallurgy school University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Based on the phase diagram, the coexistence theory of the metallic melt structure involving compoundformation and the regularity of melts containing saturated phase, a calculating model of mass action concentrationsfor Mn-C melts was formulated. According to the activities (or activity coefficients AM. and γc.), obtained by theUnified Interaction Parameter Model (UIPM), the thermodynamic parameters G and G at higher temperatures (1628～1873 K) were optimized by the repeated try and error method. It is testified that G G(873～1273 K) and G (298～1623 K), obtained at lower temperatures, can also be used at the above-mentionedhigher temperatures. The calculated N. and N agree well with ac. and ac obtained by UIPM. This result showsthat the deduced model can reflect the structural reality of Mn-C melts.

关键词： Mn-C melts activity coexistence theory mass action concentration

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