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Progress in the detection of human genome structural variations

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2009年第6期52卷 560-567页

作者： WU XueMei1,3 & XIAO HuaSheng1,2 1 center of Functional Genomics,Key laboratory of System Biology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China 2 National Engineering center for Biochip at Shanghai,Shanghai 201203,China 3 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China center of Functional Genomics Key Laboratory of System Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China National Engineering center for Biochip at Shanghai Shanghai China

The emerging of high-throughput and high-resolution genomic technologies led to the detection of submicroscopic variants ranging from 1 kb to 3 Mb in the human *** variants include copy number variations(CNVs),inversions,insertions,deletions and other complex rearrangements of DNA *** paper briefly reviews the commonly used technologies to discover both genomic structural variants and their potential ***,we highlight the array-based,PCR-based and sequencing-based assays,including array-based comparative genomic hybridization(aCGH),representational oligonucleotide microarray analysis(ROMA),multiplex amplifiable probe hybridization(MAPH),multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification(MLPA),paired-end mapping(PEM),and next-generation DNA sequencing ***,we discuss the limitations and challenges of current assays and give advices on how to make the database of genomic variations more reliable.

关键词： structural variation cytogenetic microarray PCR paired end mapping(PEM) next-generation sequencing

Shape phase transitions in nuclei:Effective order parameters and trajectories

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第S1期54卷 88-97页

作者： ZHANG Yu1,2, HOU ZhanFeng2 & LIU YuXin2,3 1Department of Physics, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China 2Department of Physics and the State Key laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 3center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics, National laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator, Lanzhou 720000, China Department of Physics Liaoning Normal University Dalian China Department of Physics and the State Key laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing China center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator Lanzhou China

We analyze systematically the effective order parameters in nuclear shape phase transition both in experiments and in the interacting boson model. We find that energy ratios and B(E2) ratios can distinguish the first from the second-order phase transition in theory above a certain boson number N (about 50), but in experiments, only those quantities, such as E(L1+)/E(02+) and B(E2; (L+2)1 → L1)/B(E2; 21 → 01), etc., of which the monotonous transitional behavior in the second-order phase transition is broken in the first order phase transition independent of N, are qualified as the effective order parameters. By implementing the originally proposed effective order parameters and the new ones, we find that the isotones with neutron number Nn = 62 are a trajectory of the second order phase transition. In addition, we predict that the transitional behavior of isomer shifts of Xe, Ba isotopes and Nn = 62 isotones is approximately monotonous due to the finiteness of nuclear system.

关键词： nuclear shape phase transition interacting boson model effective order parameter finite particle number effect transition trajectory

A new family of windows——convolution windows and their applications

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第4期48卷 468-480页

作者： ZHANG Jieqiu1,2, LIANG Changhong1 & CHEN Yanpu3 1. Department of Applied Math. & Phys., College of Science, Airforce Engineering University, Xi’an 710051, China 2. National Key laboratory of Antennas and Microwave Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China 3. Computer center, Xi’an Communication College, Xi’an 710106, China Department of Applied Math. & Phys. College of Science Airforce Engineering University Xi’an China National Key laboratory of Antennas and Microwave Technology Xidian University Xi’an China Computer center Xi’an Communication College Xi’an China

A new family of windows is constructed by convolutions via a few rectangular windows with same time width and is thus referred to as convolution windows. The expressions of the second-order up to the eighth-order convolution windows in both the time and frequency domains are derived. Their applications in high accuracy harmonic analysis of periodic signals are investigated. Comparisons between the proposed windows and some known windows with the same width shows that, when the synchronous deviation of data sampling is slight, the proposed ones have the least effect of spectral leakage. Therefore, the new windows are well suited for high accuracy harmonic analysis and parameter estimation for periodic signals. The error analysis and computer simulations show that the estimation errors, corresponding to frequency, amplitude and phase of every harmonic component of a signal, are proportional to the pth power of the relative frequency deviation in case of the pth-order convolution window is applied to windowing signal of approximately p cycles. By introducing real time adjustment in sampling interval, the proposed algorithm can adaptively trace signal frequency and lead to less sampling synchronous deviation. The proposed approach has the advantages of easy implementation and high measure precision and can be used in harmonic analysis of quasi-periodic signals whose fundamental frequency drifts slowly with time.

关键词： signal processing harmonic analysis window function convolution window synchronous error spoctral leakage

SHRIMP U-Pb dating and Hf isotopic analyses of Middle Ordovician meta-cumulate gabbro in central Qiangtang, northern Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第5期53卷 657-664页

作者： ZHAI QingGuo1 WANG Jun1, LI Cai2 & SU Li3 1 Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China 2 College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China 3 The Geological laboratory center and State Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geo- sciences, Beijing 100083, China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China College of Earth Sciences Jilin University Changchun China The Geological laboratory center and State Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China

Metabasites consisting of metamorphic ultra-mafic rocks, cumulate gabbro, gabbro (diabase), basalt, and plagiogranite are exposed at the Taoxinghu area in central Qiangtang, northern Tibetan Plateau. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating for the cumulate gabbro yields a weighted mean age of 467±4 Ma, which is the oldest and most reliable magmatic age in this area. Zircon 176Hf/177Hf ratios range from 0.282615 to 0.282657, with εHf(t) values of 5.02±0.28, indicating that the cumulate gabbro was mainly derived from the depleted mantle. In addition, geochemical data of metabasites suggest that they have similar characteristics to those in the mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB). The Taoxinghu metabasites may represent the fragment of Early Paleozoic ophiolite in the "Central Uplift" of the Qiangtang, northern Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Qiangtang cumulate gabbro SHRIMP dating Hf isotope

Tanshinone prevents cancellous bone loss induced by ovariectomy in rats

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第5期25卷 136-142页

作者： Liao CUI2,3, Tie WU3, Yu-yu LIU3, Yi-feng DENG4, Chun-mei AI4, Huai-qing CHEN22Institue of Biomedical Engineering, West China Medical center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China 3Department of Pharmacology, 4Guangdong Key laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs,Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524023 China 四川大学 Chengdu 610041 Department of Pharmacology Guangdong Medical College Zhanjiang 524023 Department of Pharmacology Guangdong Medical College Zhanjing 524023 Guangdong Medical College Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs Zhanjiang 524023

AIM: To investigate the skeletal effects of total tanshinone in ovariectomized rats by analyzing cancellous bonehistomorphometry of fourth lumbar vertebrae (LV4) and proximal tibial metaphyses (PTM). METHODS: Four-month-old Sprague-Dawley female rats were sham-operated and treated with vehicle or ovariectomized and treatedwith either vehicle, total tanshinone (200 mgkg-1d-1, equivalent to 35 gkg-1d-1 of tanshinone II A and 16 mgkg -1d-1 ofcryptotanshinone), or 17a-ethynylestradiol (30 gkg-1d-1 as positive treatment group) starting one day post-sur-gery for 10 weeks. Double in vivo fluorochrome labeling was administered to all rats. The undecalcified longitu-dinal LV4 and PTM sections were cut and stained with Goldners Trichrome (4-m thickness) or unstained (8-mthickness) for the bone histomorphometric analysis. RESULTS: A significant decrease in trabecular bone volume(BV/TV) and trabecular number (Tb.N) and a significant increase in osteoclast surface (OCS/BS) and mineralizingsurface (MS/BS) were found in both LV and PTM of vehicle-treated OVX rats compared with sham *** completely prevented the decreases in BV/TV and Tb.N and the increase in OCS/BS in the LV4, andpartially prevented the decreases in BV/TV and Tb.N in the PTM of OVX rats. In addition, tanshinone increasedtrabecular thickness (***) whereas it did not alter MS/BS. Moreover, tanshinone had no effect on uterine weightand body weight of OVX rats. Estrogen treatment increased BV/TV and Tb.N and decreased OCS/BS, but, alsomarkedly decreased MS/BS and increased uterine weight in OVX rats. CONCLUSION: The current study demon-strated that the adequate supply of tanshinone prevented OVX-induced cancellous bone loss in rats through inhibi-tion of elevated bone resorption.

关键词： tanshinone cryptotanshinone 2-fluoro-17alpha-ethynylestradiol ovariectomy bone and bones osteoclasts osteoporosis histocytochemistry morphology

Hydrogen sulfide ameliorates vascular calcification induced by vitamin D3 plus nicotine in rats

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第3期27卷 299-306页

作者： Sheng-ying WU~(2,6) Chun-shui PAN~3 Bin GENG~3 Jing ZHAO~3 Fang YU~3 Yong-zheng PANG~3 Chao-shu TANG~4 Yong-fen QI~(3,4,5) ~2Institute of Cardiovascular Disease,Peking University First Hospital.Beijing 100034 ~3Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology,Peking University Health Science center,Beijing 100083,China,~4Key laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100083,China Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Peking University First Hospital Beijing China Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China Key laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science Ministry of Education Beijing China

Aim:To investigate the role of the endogenous cystathionine γ-synthase(CSE)/hydrogen sulfide(H2S)pathway in vascular calcification in ***:A ratvascular calcification model was established by administration of vitamin D3 plusnicotine(VDN).The amount of CSE and osteopontin(OPN)mRNA was deter-mined by using semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain *** calcium content,45Ca2+accumulation and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activitywere measured.H,S production and CSE activity were ***:yonKossa staining produced strong positive black/brown staining in areas amongthe elastic fibers of the medial layer in the calcified *** calcium content,45Ca2+accumulation and ALP activity in calcified arteries increased by 6.77-,1.42-,and 1.87-fold,respectively,compared with *** expression of the OPNgene was upregulated(P34.8%,40.75% and 63.5% lowerin the low-dosage NariS group than in the VDN group,respectively(P3.9%,37.8 % and 46.2% lower in the aorta in the high-dosage NariS group than in theVDN group,respectively(P<0.01).The expression of the OPN gene ***:The production of H,S,and CSE activity were de-creased and CSE gene expression was downregulated in rats with vascularcalcification.H2S can ameliorate vascular calcification,suggesting that the H2S/CSE pathway plays a regulatory role in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification.

关键词： hydrogen sulfide cystathionine-lyase vascular calcification mRNA

Inconsistency between WMAP data and released map

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第10期55卷 907-909页

作者： LIU Hao1 & LI TiPei1,2,3 1 Key laboratory of Particle Astrophysics,Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China 2 Department of Physics & center for Astrophysics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China 3 Department of Engineering Physics & center for Astrophysics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China Key laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Physics & center for Astrophysics Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Engineering Physics & center for Astrophysics Tsinghua University Beijing China

A remarkable inconsistency between the calibrated differential time-ordered data (TOD) of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) mission,which is the input for map-making,and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature maps published by the WMAP team is revealed,indicating that there must exist a serious problem in the map making routine of the WMAP *** inconsistency is easy to be confirmed without the use of WMAP map-making *** view of the importance of this issue for cosmology study,we invite readers to check it by themselves.

关键词：威尔金森微波各向异性探测器 WMAP 地图制作宇宙微波背景有序数据制作软件 TOD CMB

Ni/_n-SiO_2 Composite Coating Prepared by Brush Plating with Pulse Current

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稀有金属材料与工程 2012年第S1期41卷 414-417页

作者： Tan Jun1,Wu Di2,Yao Qiong3,Fan Wenchao1 1 National Key laboratory for Remanufacturing,Academy of Armored Forces Engineering,Beijing 100072,China 2 Key laboratory of Surface Engineering,Academy of Armored Forces Engineering,Beijing 100072,China 3 Xichang Satellite Launching center,Xichang 615000,China Acad Armored Forces Engn Natl Key Lab Remfg Beijing 100072 Peoples R China Acad Armored Forces Engn Key Lab Surface Engn Beijing 100072 Peoples R China Xichang Satellite Launching Ctr Xichang 615000 Peoples R China

Nickel and silicon dioxide nanoparticle composite coatings were prepared by brush plating with direct and pulse *** surface morphology,microstructure,hardness and wear resistance of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),mirohardness tester and ball-on-disk *** results show that the technical parameters,pulse current,duty circle and frequency,are of great influence on the growth of crystalline and properties of the *** with the coating plated with direct current,the coatings plated with pulse currents have smaller nanocrystalline,contain more SiO2 nanoparticle and have higher hardness and wear resistance.

关键词： nano composite coating electrodeposition pulse current brush plating

An SANS Study of Decomposition Kinetics in Amorphous Cu_(12.5)Ni_(10)Zr_(41)Ti_(14)Be_(22.5)

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1998年第3期14卷 193-199页

作者： Junming LIU(National laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University and center for Advanced Studies in Scienceand Technology of Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China) National laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Nanjing University Center for Advanced Studies in Science and Technology of Microstructures Nanjing 210093 China

Phase decomposition in amorphous Cu12.5Ni10Zr411Ti14Be22.5 alloy as annealed in the super-cooled liquid range was studied by applying small angle neutron scattering (SANS). As annealed between 600 K and 700 K, the alloy was observed to decompose into two new amorphous phases,with the second phase precipitates embedded in the matrix of the first. Long time annealing of the alloy results in crystallization in addition to evolution of the decomposed *** kinetic diagram of the decomposition and crystallization for this alloy is given. The second phase precipitates have several nanometers in size and occupy a quite low volume fraction. The decomposition of the supercooled liquid in overall temperature range exhibits the features of spinodal reaction.

关键词： Be Zr SANS Ni Ti