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A Lipidomic Study of the Effects of N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine on Sphingomyelin Metabolism

Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2005年第8期37卷 515-524页

作者： Yun HUANG~(&#) Jing SHEN~# Ting WANG Yan-Ke YU Fanqing E CHEN~1 Jun YANG~* department of Pathology and Pathophysiology,Center for Environmental Genomics Zhejiang university School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310031,China ~1 molecular biology branch.life science division,lawrence berkeley national laboratory,university of california at berkeley,berkeley,ca 94720,usa department of chemistry,georgia state university.atlanta,ga 30303.usa department of Pathology and Pathophysiology Center for Environmental Genomics Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310031 China molecular biology branch Life Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California at BerkeleyBerkeley CA 94720 USA

Systems biology is a new and rapidly developing research area in which,by quantitativelydescribing the interaction among all the individual components of a cell,a systems-level understanding of abiological response can be ***,it requires high-throughput measurement technologies forbiological molecules,such as genomic and proteomic approaches for DNA/RNA and protein,***,a new concept,lipidomics,which utilizes the mass spectrometry(MS)method for lipid analysis,has been *** this lipidomic approach,the effects of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG)on sphingomyelin metabolism,a major class of sphingolipids,were *** moleculeswere extracted from cells and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight *** found that MNNG induced profound changes in sphingomyelin metabolism,including the appearance ofsome new sphingomyelin species and the disappearance of some others,and the concentrations of severalsphmgomyelin species also *** was accompanied by the redistribution of acid sphingomyelinase(ASM),a key player in sphingomyelin *** the other hand,imipramine,an inhibitor of ASM,caused the accumulation of *** also prevented some of the effects of MNNG,as well as theredistribution of *** together,these data suggested that the lipidomic approach is highly effectivefor the systematic analysis of cellular lipids metabolism.

关键词： lipidomics mass spectrometry ceramide sphingomyelin acid sphingomyelinase

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What are Exciting in Laser science

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Tsinghua science and Technology 1998年第1期3卷 14-26页

作者： Yuen Ron Shen department of Physics, university of california Materials sciences division lawrence berkeley national laboratory berkeley, ca 94720, usa department of Physics University of California Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Recent advances in selected areas of laser science are briefly reviewed. They include laser technology, coherent control of quantum systems by lasers, X ray generation by ultrashort high intensity laser pulses, and ... 详细信息

关键词： laser science coherent control coherent excitation dark state laser technology tunable lasers X ray generation femtosecond pulses high intensity laser excitation high order harmonic generation surface nonlinear optical spectroscopy surface c

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Discovery and analysis of ultra-micro grinding grain texture in slipping lamellae of ductile-brittle zone

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science China Earth sciences 2004年第3期47卷 265-271页

作者： GE Heping1, SUN Yan1, LU Xiancai1, ZHU Wenbin1, GUO Jichun1, LIU Deliang2 & Chi-yuen Wang3 1. department of Earth sciences, Nanjing university, state Key laboratory of Mineral Deposit, Nanjing 210093, China 2. department of Earth and Space sciences, university of science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China 3. department of Geology and Geophysics, university of california, berkeley, ca 94720, usa department of Earth sciences Nanjing University State Key Lab. of Mineral Deposit Nanjing 210093 China Dept. of Earth and Space sciences Univ. of Science/Technology of China Hefei 230026 China department of Geology and Geophysics University of California Berkeley CA 94720 United States

Based on the observation of the deep bore cores sampled from the state of cali-fornia, usa, preferred arranged particulate concentration belts were found in the ultra-slipping lamellae. And the same phenomenon was found again later in the bore cores from the petroleum basin in the Northern Shaanxi Province. It may be the product of the dynamic processes involv-ing tumbling, grinding and compresso-shearing functions, so the spherical particulates with ul-tra-size of nm and mm are called grinding grain. The formation of the grinding grains is related with the ductile-brittle deformation, the lateral pressure of the slipping, and the very low grade of dynamic metamorphism of the rocks. Based on the systematic analysis, it is indicated that some elements like Nb and Ta are enriched in the grinding grains in the granitic rocks because of the chemical differentiation, and that the slipping lamellae bearing grinding grains in mudstone with smear efficiency prove a perfect seal for oil and gas reservoirs. Meanwhile, the paper provides bases for the studies on the fast stick-slip movement and shear paradigm.

关键词： slipping lamellae, grinding grain texture, ductile-brittle deformation, smear efficiency.

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Change of surface cover greenness in China between 2000 and 2010

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Chinese science Bulletin 2012年第22期57卷 2835-2845页

作者： LIU Shuang1,4& GONG Peng1,2,31state Key laboratory of Remote Sensing science, Jointly Sponsored by Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of sciences,and Beijing Normal university, Beijing 100101, China 2Institute for Global Change Studies & Center for Earth System science, Tsinghua university, Beijing 100084, China 3department of Environmental science, Policy and Management, university of california, berkeley, ca94720, usa 4Graduate university of Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100049, China state Key laboratory of Remote Sensing science Jointly Sponsored by Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing China Graduate university of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing China Institute for Global Change Studies & Center for Earth System science Tsinghua University Beijing China department of Environmental science Policy and Management University of California Berkeley USA

Surface greenness reflects the situation of vegetation *** index calculated from the Red and Near Infrared bands of remote sensing images,whose values indicate the level of photosynthetic activity,is monotonically related to surface greenness when vegetation canopy does not fully cover the background *** for desert regions,vegetation index is positively correlated with vegetation ***,vegetation index can be used to study the change in greenness of desert *** study collected MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data from 2000 to 2010 and analyzed their change over China in this *** results showed that an increasing trend of NDVI occurred over 66.84% (OLS fitting) or 64.27% (LAD fitting) of China,indicating that China's greenness is increasing ***,desertification of China *** showing large increase in greenness are found in Shaanxi,Shanxi,Ningxia,Henan,Shandong,Qinghai,and gansu while regions with large decrease in greenness are found in Northeast Inner Mongolia,South Tibet,Jiangsu,and *** of Qinghai,gansu,Xinjiang and South Tibet could probably be driven by climate *** of greenness in Northeast Inner Mongolia was related to agricultural *** of greenness in Jiangsu and Shanghai was related to rapid *** factors did not exhibit obvious correspondence to the large increase in greenness in Shaanxi,Shanxi,Ningxia and gansu,indicating that the changes might have been caused by human *** reduction of desert areas in China could probably have been caused by human management and protection at the national scale.

关键词：中国地表覆盖归一化植被指数植被覆盖度沙漠地区 NDVI 西藏南部气候因素

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Principle of small target detection for hyperspectral imagery

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science China Earth sciences 2007年第8期50卷 1225-1231页

作者： GENG XiuRui1,2,3 & ZHAO YongChao2,3,4 1 Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, department of Geography, Beijing Normal university, Beijing 100875, China 2 state Key laboratory of Remote Sensing science, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, China 3 Institute of Erectronics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100080, China 4 Center for for Assessment and Monitoring of Forest and Environmental Resources and division of Ecosystem sciences university of california berkeley, ca 94720-3114, usa Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Geography Beijing Normal University Beijing China state Key laboratory of Remote Sensing science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Erectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Center for for Assessment and Monitoring of Forest and Environmental Resources and division of Ecosystem sciences University of California Berkeley USA

This paper generalizes the progress of algorithms in small target detection for hyperspectral imaging, and finds that whitening the image is the key point of many methods in small target detection. An al-gorithm is presented to detect desired targets by converting large targets into small ones based on the weighted sample autocorrelation matrix.

关键词： hyperspectral whiten target detection

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A Spectral Index for Estimating Soil Salinity in the Yellow River Delta Region of China Using EO-1 Hyperion Data

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Pedosphere 2010年第3期20卷 378-388页

作者： WENG Yong-Ling GONG Peng ZHU Zhi-Liang department of Surveying and Mapping Engineering College of Transportation Southeast University Nanjing 210096(China) state Key laboratory of Remote Sensing science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of the Chinese Academy ofSciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing 100101 (China) department of Environment science Policy and Management University of California Berkeley CA 94720 (USA) EROS Data Center U.S. Geological Survey Sioux Falls SD 57198 (USA)

Soil salinization is one of the most common land degradation processes. In this study, spectral measurements of saline soil samples collected from the Yellow River Delta region of China were conducted in laboratory and hyperspectral data were acquired from an EO-1 Hyperion sensor to quantitatively map soil salinity in the region. A soil salinity spectral index (SSI) was constructed from continuum-removed reflectance (CR-reflectance) at 2052 and 2203 nm, to analyze the spectral absorption features of the salt-affected soils. There existed a strong correlation (r = 0.91) between the SSI and soil salt content (SSC). Then, a model for estimation of SSC with SSI was established using univariate regression and validation of the model yielded a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.986 and an R2 of 0.873. The model was applied to a Hyperion reflectance image on a pixel-by-pixel basis and the resulting quantitative salinity map was validated successfully with RMSE = 1.921 and R2 = 0.627. These suggested that the satellite hyperspectral data had the potential for predicting SSC in a large area.

关键词： hyperspectral reflectance soil salt content spectral absorption features

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Remote sensing and geographic information systems in the spatial temporal dynamics modeling of infectious diseases

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science China(life sciences) 2006年第6期49卷 573-582页

作者： GONG Peng 1,XU Bing 2 & LIANG Song 1、3 1. state Key laboratory of Remote Sensing science,Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications,Chi-nese Academy of sciences and Beijing Normal university,Box 9718,Beijing 100101,China 2. department of Geography,university of Utah,Salt Lake City,UT 84112,usa 3. School of Public Health,university of california,berkeley,ca 94720,usa state Key laboratory of Remote Sensing science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Box 9718 Beijing 100101 China department of Geography University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA state Key laboratory of Remote Sensing science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Box 9718 Beijing 100101 China School of Public Health University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Similar to species immigration or exotic species invasion,infectious disease transmis-sion is strengthened due to the globalization of human activities. Using schistosomiasis as an exam-ple,we propose a conceptual model simulating the spatio-temporal dynamics of infectious diseases. We base the model on the knowledge of the interrelationship among the source,media,and the hosts of the disease. With the endemics data of schistosomiasis in Xichang,China,we demonstrate that the conceptual model is feasible; we introduce how remote sensing and geographic information systems techniques can be used in support of spatio-temporal modeling; we compare the different effects caused to the entire population when selecting different groups of people for schistosomiasis control. Our work illustrates the importance of such a modeling tool in supporting spatial decisions. Our mod-eling method can be directly applied to such infectious diseases as the plague,lyme disease,and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. The application of remote sensing and geographic informa-tion systems can shed light on the modeling of other infectious disease and invasive species studies.

关键词： spatio-temporal modeling, spatial connectivity, prevention and control of infectious diseases, biological invasion.

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The Australasian frog family Ceratobatrachidae in China,Myanmar and Thailand:discovery of a new Himalayan forest frog clade

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Zoological Research 2016年第1期37卷 7-14页

作者： Fang YAN Ke JIANG Kai WANG Jie-Qiong JIN Chatmongkon SUWANNAPOOM Cheng LI Jens V.VINDUM Rafe M.BROWN Jing CHE state Key laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution,Kunming Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of sciences Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute,Chinese Academy of sciences Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and department of biology,university of Oklahoma School of Agriculture and Natural Resources,university of Phayao Imaging Biodiversity Expedition department of Herpetology,california Academy of sciences Biodiversity Institute and department of Ecology and Evolutionary biology,1345 Jayhawk Blvd,university of Kansas state Key laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 ChinaSoutheast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Yezin Nay Pyi Taw 05282 Myanmar. state Key laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and Department of Biology University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73072-7029 U.S.A. state Key laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China. state Key laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China School of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Phayao Phayao 56000 Thailand. Imaging Biodiversity Expedition Beijing 100107 China. department of Herpetology California Academy of Sciences California 94118 U.S.A. Biodiversity Institute and department of Ecology and Evolutionary biology 1345 Jayhawk Blvd University of Kansas Lawrence KS 66045 U.S.A. state Key laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China. chej@***.

In an effort to study the systematic affinities and species- level phylogenetic relationships of the enigmatic anurans vadably assigned to the genera Ingerana or Limnonectes （family Dicroglossidae）, we collected new molecular sequence data for five species including four Himalayan taxa, Limnonectes xizangensis, Lim. medogensis, Lim. alpine, Ingerana borealis and one southeast Asian species, I. tasanae, and analyzed these together with data from previous studies involving other ostensibly related taxa. Our surprising results demonstrate unequivocally that Lim. xizangensis, Lim. medogensis and Lira. alpine form a strongly supported clade, the sister-group of the family Australasian forest frog family Ceratobatrachidae. This discovery requires an expansion of the definition of Ceratobatrachidae and represents the first record of this family in China. These three species are distinguished from the species of Ingerana and Limnonectes by the：（1） absence of interdigital webbing of the foot, （2） absence of terminal discs on fingers and toes, （3） absence of circumarginal grooves on the fingers and toes, and （4） absence of tarsal folds. Given their phylogenetic and morphological distinctiveness, we assign them to the oldest available generic name for this clade, Liurana Dubois 1987, and transfer Liurana from Dicroglossidae to the family Ceratobatrachidae. In contrast, Ingerana tasanae was found to be clustered with strong support with the recently described genus Alcalus （Ceratobatrachidae）, a small clade of otherwise Sundaic species; this constitutes a new record of the family Ceratobatrachidae for Myanmar and Thailand. Finally, Ingerana borealis clustered with the ＂true＂ Ingerana （family Dicroglossidae）, for which the type species is L tenasserimensis.

关键词： Dicroglossidae Himalaya Liurana

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盆地演化认识中的几个问题

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地学前缘 1995年第3期2卷 29-44页

作者： Wang Chiyuen(department of Geology and Geophysics university of california,berkeley,ca 94720)Yang Jiaming Zhu Weilin(Exploration and Development Research Center,China national Offshore Oil Corporation,Xincheng,074010)Zheng Mingling(Scientific Research Ce

本文论述了盆地演化认识中的几个主要问题。一是陆缘裂解过程，华南边缘传统上认为是被动裂谷边缘的一个例子，其东部沉积物记录了压实的历史，它明显不同于被动裂谷作用模式，而是显示早第三纪大规模上隆和侵蚀的特征；而且，该地区覆... 详细信息

本文论述了盆地演化认识中的几个主要问题。一是陆缘裂解过程，华南边缘传统上认为是被动裂谷边缘的一个例子，其东部沉积物记录了压实的历史，它明显不同于被动裂谷作用模式，而是显示早第三纪大规模上隆和侵蚀的特征；而且，该地区覆盖在下地壳楔形体上面，具有比周围地壳明显要高的地震速度和密度，指示岩浆底侵作用。这些证据说明，与被动裂谷作用模式相比，华南边缘与主动裂谷作用模式较为一致，它是由早第三纪华南边缘东部底下地幔柱形成的主动裂谷。另一个问题是关于页岩的浅部破裂作用机理。大多数研究者认为，微裂隙的形成需要高孔隙压力，它限于深埋、低渗透率的岩石。然而，最近从北海观察表明，在第三纪页岩中，整个盆地范围内的破裂型式从未达到大于几百米的埋藏深度。这说明泥质源岩经历了水压破裂和浅部脱水，在破裂前可能达到深埋后生作用所需要的深度，实质上渗透率的改变是由于源岩的浅部破裂作用可能根本上改变了烃类的初次运移时间和效率。

关键词：盆地演化裂解过程页岩

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Identification and Preliminary Characterization of a New Chemical Affecting Glucosyltransferase Activities Involved in Plant Cell Wall Biosynthesis

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molecular Plant 2008年第6期1卷 977-989页

作者： Olga Zabotina Erik Maim georgia Drakakaki Vincent Bulone Natasha Raikhel Institute for Integrative Genome biology Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA92521 USA School of Biotechnology Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) AlbaNova University Center Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden Present address: department of Biochemistry Biophysics and Molecular Biology Iowa State University Ames IA 50014 USA

Chemical genetics as a part of chemical genomics is a powerful and fast developing approach to dissect biological processes that may be difficult to characterize using conventional genetics because of gene redundancy or lethality and, in the case of polysaccharide biosynthesis, plant flexibility. Polysaccharide synthetic enzymes are located in two main compartments--the Golgi apparatus and plasma membrane-and can be studied in vitro using membrane fractions. Here, we first developed a high-throughput assay that allowed the screening of a library of chemicals with a potential effect on glycosyltransferase activities. Out of the 4800 chemicals screened for their effect on Golgi glucosyltransferases, 66 compounds from the primary screen had an effect on carbohydrate biosynthesis. Ten of these compounds were confirmed to inhibit glucose incorporation after a second screen. One compound exhibiting a strong inhibition effect （ID 6240780 named chemical A） was selected and further studied. It reversibly inhibits the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose by Golgi membranes, but activates the plasma membrane-bound callose synthase. The inhibition effect is dependent on the chemical structure of the compound, which does not affect endomembrane morphology of the plant cells, but causes changes in cell wall composition. Chemical A represents a novel drug with a great potential for the study of the mechanisms of Golgi and plasma membrane-bound glucosyltransferases.

关键词： cell walls callose synthase chemical screening and identification glycosyltransferase Golgi plasma membrane

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