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FATTY ACIDS PROFILE IN A HIGH CELL DENSITY CULTURE OF ARACHIDONIC ACID-RICH PARIETOCHLORIS INCISA (TREBOUXIOPHYCEAE,CHLOROPHYTA) EXPOSED TO HIGH PFD

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2002年第2期20卷 149-156页

作者：刘建国 zvi cohen 等 ResearchandDevelopmentCenterofMarineBIotechnolgy InstituteofOceanologyChineseAcademyofSciencesQingdao266071China MicroalgalBiotechnology TheJacobBlausteinInstituteforDesertResea

The changes in arachidonic acid (AA) and fatty acids profiles along the growth curve of Parietochloris incisa, a coccoid snow green alga, were studied in a 2.8 cm light-path flat photobioreactor, exposed to strong photon flux density [PFD, 2400 μEmol/(m 2·s)]. Sixteen fatty acids were identified by gas chromatography showing that AA was the dominant fatty acid (33%-41%) followed by linoleic acid (17%-21%). AA content was closely investigated with respect to total fatty acids (TFA), ash free dry weight (AFDW) of cell mass as well as total culture content. These parameters were influenced significantly in a similar manner by culture growth phase, i.e., slightly decreasing in the lag period, gradually increasing in the logarithmic phase, becoming maximal at the early stationary phase, starting to decrease at the late stationary phase, sharply dropping at the decline phase. The increase in AA per culture volume during the logarithmic phase was not only associated with the increase in AFDW but also connected with a corresponding increase in AA/TFA, TFA/AFDW as well as AA/AFDW. The sharp decrease in AA content of the culture during the decline phase was mainly due to the decrease in AA/TFA, TFA/AFDW and AA/AFDW, although AFDW declined only a small extent. Maximal AA concentration, obtained at the early stationary phase, was 900 mg/L culture volume, and the average daily net increase of AA during 9 days logarithmic growth was 1.7 g/(m 2·day). Therefore, harvesting prior to the decline phase in a batch culture, or at steady state in continuous culture mode seems best for high AA production. The latter possibility was also further confirmed by continuous culture with 5 gradients of harvesting rate.

关键词： arachidonic acid Parietochloris incisa growth high cell density culture

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PHYSIOLOGICAL INHIBITORY EFFECT OF OCS IN ARACHIDONIC ACID-RICH PARIETOCHLORIS INCISA (TREBOUXIOPHYCEAE, CHLOROPHYTA)

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2002年第3期20卷 248-255页

作者：刘建国张成武 zvi cohen Amos Richmond Research and Development Center of Marine Biotechnology Institute of Oceanol ogy Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Division of life Sciences Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210097 China Microalgal Biotechnology The Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of Negev Sede Boker Campus 84993 Israel

Parietochloris incisa is an arachidonic acid rich snow green alga. The main physiological profiles, such as ash free dry weight (AFDW), chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein and total fatty acids (TFA), in this alga exposed to old culture supernatant (OCS) at the decline phase or its crude ethyl acetate extracts (CEAE) were investigated by using tubular photobioreactors of different diameters. Results showed that both OCS and CEAE had strong inhibitory effect on the above physiological parameters. The longer the culture was exposed to OCS and the more CEAE were added into the algal culture, the more the above physiological properties were inhibited. Arachidonic acid (AA), the dominant component of fatty acids in this alga, was also seriously inhibited with respect to total TFA, AFDW of cell mass, or culture volume, due to a probable reduction of enzymes activities catalyzing chain elongation from C18:1ω9 to AA. These results incontestably evidenced that some CEAE dissolving substances existing in OCS, like auto inhibitors, inhibited P. incisa growth through feedback. Hence, any efficient removal of auto inhibitors from algal culture to decrease their bioactivity could be good for maximal production of desired products like AA.

关键词： arachidonic acid Parietochloris incisa growth auto inhibitor

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雪藻高密度连续培养中生物量和花生四烯酸的高产率

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海洋与湖沼 2002年第5期33卷 499-508页

作者：刘建国刘伟 zvi cohen Amos Richmond 中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生物技术研究发展中心青岛266071 Microalgal Biotechnology The Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

以 1 .4cm和 2 .8cm光径的平板光生物反应器 ,恒定高光强 [2 4 0 0 μE/(m2 ·s) ],通气、无菌高密度连续培养雪地绿藻 (简称雪藻 )。连续采收并补充等量新鲜培养液 ,当藻体生物量(以去灰分干重表示 ,AFDW)达恒态时 ,研究雪藻比生长速率... 详细信息

以 1 .4cm和 2 .8cm光径的平板光生物反应器 ,恒定高光强 [2 4 0 0 μE/(m2 ·s) ],通气、无菌高密度连续培养雪地绿藻 (简称雪藻 )。连续采收并补充等量新鲜培养液 ,当藻体生物量(以去灰分干重表示 ,AFDW)达恒态时 ,研究雪藻比生长速率 (SGR)、藻体的生物产量、总脂肪酸 (TFA)和花生四烯酸 (AA)产率。结果表明 ,尽管随着比生长速率增加 ,雪藻高密度连续培养体系的AA/TFA、TFA/AFDW和AA/AFDW三个指标有不同程度的降低 ,但生物产量、总脂肪酸及其花生四烯酸产出都相当高。 2 .8cm光径的平板光生物反应器中 ,雪藻SGR为0 .2d- 1 时 ,每平方米光照面积日获 35 .3gAFDW的高产量 ;SGR 0 .1 35d- 1 时 ,TFA产率最大 ,为7.0g/(m2 ·d) ,此时AA产率也最高 ,达 2 .6g/(m2 ·d)。尽管 1 .4cm光径的反应器的培养体积比前者下降了 5 0 % ,但细胞浓度明显提高 ,单位光照面积的AFDW和TFA最大日产率只下降了37.3%和 1 0 % ,分别为 2 2 .1和 6.3g/(m2 ·d) ,而AA的最大日产率也是 2 .6g/(m2 ·d)。结果还表明 ,氮或磷营养亏缺能明显提高雪藻AA含量的各项指标 ,同时高光强也有利于雪藻累积AA。

关键词：雪藻高密度培养平板光生物反应器花生四烯酸产率比生长速率绿藻

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雪藻高密度连续培养中生物量和花生四烯酸的高产出

雪藻高密度连续培养中生物量和花生四烯酸的高产出

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中国藻类学会第十一次学术讨论会

作者：刘建国 zvi cohen Amos Richmond 中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生物技术研究发展中心 Microalgal Biotechology The Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the NegevSede Boker Campus 84993Israel

以1.4和2.8cm光径的平板光生物反应器,和相当于自然光照强度的恒定高光强(2400μE·M·S),通气、无菌高密度连续培养雪地绿藻(简称雪藻),并以系列速率连续采收,同时补充等量新鲜培养液,当培养体系藻体生物量(以去灰分干重表示,AFDW)达... 详细信息

以1.4和2.8cm光径的平板光生物反应器,和相当于自然光照强度的恒定高光强(2400μE·M·S),通气、无菌高密度连续培养雪地绿藻(简称雪藻),并以系列速率连续采收,同时补充等量新鲜培养液,当培养体系藻体生物量(以去灰分干重表示,AFDW)达到恒态时,研究了雪藻比生长速率与藻体生物量、总脂肪酸(TFA)和花生四烯酸(AA)产率的关系。随着比生长速率的增加,雪藻的AA/TFA、TFA/AFDW和AA/AFD表现出程度不一但都相类似的变化规律,即三个指标均逐渐阵低.就2.8。m光径的平板光生物反应器产AFI)W而言,以比生长速串0.2时最大,每平方米光照面积日获35.3克的高产量;而以0.l的比生长速串生长时,AA/H比串最高;TFA产串以比生长速率0.135时最大,为 7.0 g·。-’·d-‘,此时的 AA产率也最高,达2.6 g·m”寸‘.对比二.4和***光径的平板光生物反应器的培养结果发现:尽管窄光径条件下,总的培养体积诚少了一半,但是单位体积内的生物量浓度捉高了,单位光照面积的AFl)W和Wb的最大日产率分别只下降了37 3你和lthe,为22.l和6.3 g·m-’·d’;d的最大日产串井没有变化,都是2.6 g·。”寸‘。本研究同时表明:汉或磷营养亏缺能明显提高雪藻M含量的各项指标,高光强也有利于雪藻昆积AA.

关键词：雪藻高密度培养花生四烯酸比生长速率

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Neck Motion Restriction Negatively Affects Turning Stability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with and without a History of Falls

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Advances in Aging Research 2022年第2期11卷 35-49页

作者： Luzit Hadad Herman Avner cohen Netta Kram zvi Kozol Physical Therapy Department School for Community Health Professions Faculty of Health Sciences Ariel University Ariel Israel Rotschild Physiotherapy Department Clalit Health Services Petach-Tikva Israel Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Pediatric Ambulatory Center General Health Services Petach Tikva Israel

Background: Many older adults fall while turning. During the turning maneuver, rotation of the head precedes the rest of the body, creating a spatial frame of reference. Limitations of the neck rotation, may interfere with the turning mechanism, affect stability, and lead to recurrent falls. However, the association between the range of the neck rotation and turning stability was not explored yet. Purpose: To compare the impact of restricting the neck rotation by a brace, on the turning stability of adults with and without a history of falls. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study consisting of 59 adults (average age 76 ± 6.9). A group (N = 29) with at least 2 falls (FL) in the last year and a group (N = 30) without a history of falls in the last year (NFL). All participants performed three tests: Timed up and Go (TUG), 180° Turn Test (180 TT) and 360° Turn Test (360 TT) with and without a neck brace. Results: All the scores of the FL were lower than those of the NFL (p Application of the brace worsened the performance of the 180 TT and the 360 TT of both groups (p < 0.05) but there was no interaction between group and bracing. The TUG score of only the NFL was affected by the brace (p < 0.004). Interestingly, only the range of the right neck rotation was correlated with balance tests and number of falls (r = 0.272;p Conclusions: Restricting of the neck mobility worsened the turning stability of both groups but without interaction. The study reinforces the need of considering the neck range of motion when addressing adult stability. A decrease in the range of right neck rotation was identified as a risk factor for loss of balance.

关键词： Balance Turning Neck-Brace Neck-Rotation Fall

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Dunaliella salinaand Haloferax volcaniiSynergistically Attenuate Skin Cancer in Vitro

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2019年第9期10卷 747-754页

作者： Oren Raz Ahmad Fahham Nona Kuchina zvi Bentwich Guy cohen The Skin Research Institute The Dead-Sea & Arava Science Center Masada Israel Clinic Lenom Ltd. Rishon Lezion Israel Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics Center for Emerging and Tropical Diseases and AIDS Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheba Israel

Skin cancer, including both melanoma and non-melanoma, is the most common type of malignancy, which causes substantial morbidities and mortalities. Although the significant increase in the understanding of skin cancer formation and the development of novel personalized drug regimens have occurred, new treatment options are always of need. The use of natural compounds to alleviate the symptoms or even to prevent and treat cancer has long been proposed. Specifically, the use of marine-based organisms as a source for cancer cure and remedy is being evaluated extensively. The objective of the current study was to assess the ability of the green microalgae Dunaliella salina, the Dead-Sea-derived Haloferax volcanii, and its combinations to treat skin cancer in vitro. The results demonstrate the Dunaliella and Haloferax can reduce sarcoma and basal cell carcinoma cellular growth. Importantly, their combination acts synergistically in a caspase-3 independent manner. Moreover, a synergistic action was found when evaluated sarcoma cell invasion rate, which was completely blocked at pharmacological relevant amounts of the compounds. Collectively, the results demonstrate that the combination of Haloferax volcanii and Dunaliella salina can be used as a new treatment for skin cancer. The specific mechanism of action and further in vivo validation studies are of need.

关键词： Skin Cancer Sarcoma Dunaliella salina Haloferax volcanii

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Oxygen sufficiency controls TOP mRNA translation via the TSC-Rheb-mTOR pathway in a 4E-BP-independent manner

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2014年第3期8卷 255-266页

作者： Rachel Miloslavski Elad cohen Adam Avraham Yifat I luz zvi Hayouka Judith Kasir Rajini Mudhasani Stephen N. Jones Nadine Cybulski Markus A. Ruegg Ola Larsson Valentina Gandin Arjuna Rajakumar Ivan Topisirovic Oded Meyuhas Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology The Institute for Medical Research - Israel-Canada The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School Jerusalem 91120 Israel Department of Cell Biology University of Massachusetts Medical School North Worcester MA 01655 USA Biozentrum University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 70 CH-4056 Basel Switzerland Department of Oncolo'gy-Pathology Karolinska Instituie Stockholm SE-171 76 Sweden Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital and Department of Oncology McGill University Montreal QC H3T 1E2 Canada Present address: Migal-Galilee Research Institute Kiryat Shmona 11016 Israel Present address: United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases Frederick MD 21702-5011 USA Present address: ADAM Montreal QC H3N 2C7 Canada

Cells encountering hypoxic stress conserve resources and energy by downregulating the protein synthesis. Here we demonstrate that one mechanism in this response is the translational repression of TOP mRNAs that encode components of the translational apparatus. This mode of regulation involves TSC and Rheb, as knockout of TSC1 or TSC2 or overexpression of Rheb rescued TOP mRNA translation in oxygen-deprived celts. Stress-induced translational repression of these mRNAs closely correlates with the hypophosphorylated state of 4E-BP, a translational repressor. However, a series of 4E-BP loss- and gain-of-function experiments disprove a cause-and- effect relationship between the phosphorylation status of 4E-BP and the translational repression of TOP mRNAs under oxygen or growth factor deprivation. Furthermore, the repressive effect of anoxia is similar to that attained by the very efficient inhibition of mTOR activity by Torin 1, but much more pronounced than roptor or rictor knockouL Likewise, deficiency of raptor or rictor, even though it mildly downregulated basal translation efficiency of TOP mRNAs, failed to suppress the oxygen-mediated translational activation of TOP mRNAs. Finally, co-knockdown of TIA-1 and TIAR, two RNA-binding proteins previously implicated in translational repression of TOP mRNAs in amino acid-starved cells, failed to relieve TOP mRNA translation under other stress conditions. Thus, the nature of the proximal translational regulator of TOP m RNAs remains elusive.

关键词： hypoxia roTOR TOP mRNAs translational control 4E-BP

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Acute Epidural Hematoma Compressing the Dominant Sigmoid Sinus as an Unusual Cause of Intracranial Hypertension: Case Report and Review of Literature

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2014年第2期4卷 76-80页

作者： Gustavo Rajz Ido Ben zvi José E. cohen Shalom Michowiz Department of Neurosurgery Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Israel Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel Petach Tikvah Israel

Post traumatic dural sinus vein stenosis has been rarely described in pediatric population. We present a case of a 9-year-old child that had sustained a head injury after a fall from height causing an acute epidural hematoma compressing the dominant sigmoid sinus. The patient had developed sub acutely signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. Prophylactic treatment with anticoagulants was initiated despite the presence of an intracranial bleeding. Clinical and radiological improvements were achieved. We had also reviewed the literature regarding this uncommon entity and discussed other existing diagnostic and therapeutic alternatives. Further gathering of information is essential in order to form a therapeutic protocol.

关键词： Dural Sinus Stenosis Epidural Hematoma Intracranial Hypertension

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On Mechanisms of Human Behavior： The ＂Mind Blindness Phenomenon＂ in Philosophy, Religion, Science, and Medicine

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2015年第3期5卷 167-177页

作者： Bechor zvi Aminoff Tel-Aviv University

The phenomenon described here has no scientific title, but occurs frequently in daily living, from science to philosophy, religion, and medicine. In every field of human endeavor, when a view is expressed, sharp and profound differences of opinion ensue. Initially, we coin this phenomenon as ＂understanding blindness＂ or ＂mind＇s awareness.＂ Thereafter, we decide to refer to it as ＂mind blindness,＂ a concept introduced to science by Professor Simon Baron-cohen, who coins it for a cognitive disorder associated with autism, Asperger＇s syndrome, and schizophrenia. Baron-cohen＇s usage has subsequently been extended to dementia, bi-polar disorders, antisocial personality disorders, and even normal aging. In our view, definition and identification of ＂mind blindness＂ in philosophy, religion, science, medicine, and at end-of-life care can help mankind to better understand mechanisms of human behavior, and the causes of conflicts, controversies, contradictions, and sharp differences of opinion in human life, and even to solve some of them.

关键词： "mind blindness," human behavior philosophy science religion medicine conflicts and controversies

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