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Seasonal Variation and Correlation with Environmental Factors of Photosynthesis and Water Use Efficiency of Juglans regia and Ziziphus jujuba

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第2期50卷 210-220页

作者： Hai-Bo Yang Shu-Qing An Osbert-Jianxin Sun zuo-min shi Xin-Song She Qing-Ye Sun shi-Rong Liu Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Global Changes School of Life Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and Protection Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China Department of Resources and Environment Huangshan University Huangshan 245021 China School of Life Sciences Anhui University Hefei 230039 China

Both the photosynthetic light curves and CO2 curves of Juglans regia L. and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa in three seasons were measured using a LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The maximal net photosynthetic rate （Amax）, apparent quantum efficiency（φ）, maximal carboxylation rate （Vcmax） and water use efficiency （WUE） of the two species were calculated based on the curves. The results showed that Amax of J. regia reached its maximum at the late-season, while the highest values of Amax of Z. jujuba occurred at the mid-season. The Amax of J. regia was more affected by relative humidity （RH） of the atmosphere, while that of Z. jujuba was more affected by the air temperature. Light saturation point （LSP） and Light compensation point （LCP） of J. regia had a higher correlation with RH of the atmosphere, those of Z. jujuba, however, had a higher correlation with air temperature. Vcmax of both J. regia and Z. jujuba had negative correlation with RH of the atmosphere. WUE of J. regia would decrease with the rise of the air temperature while that of Z. jujuba increased. Thus it could be seen that RH, temperature and soil moisture had main effect on photosynthesis and WUE of J. regia and Z. jujuba. Incorporating data on the physiological differences among tree species into forest carbon models will greatly improve our ability to predict alterations to the forest carbon budgets under various environmental scenarios such as global climate change, or with differing species composition.

关键词： apparent quantum efficiency (φ) maximal carboxylation rate (Vcrnax) net photosynthetic rate (Pn) returning cropland to forest or grassland seasonal variation water use efficiency (WUE).

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Genome-Wide Association Studies Reveal New Genetic Targets for Five Panicle Traits of International Rice Varieties

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Rice science 2015年第5期22卷 217-226页

作者： ZHANG Ya-fang MA Yu-yin CHEN Zong-xiang ZOU Jie CHEN Tian-xiao LI Qian-qian PAN Xue-biao zuo shi-min Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education Yangzhou University Department of Biochemical Engineering Yangzhou Polytechnic College

Narrow genetic background is a key limiting factor in breeding stable high-yielding rice. The introduction and utilization of international rice core germplasm is an important way to increase the genetic diversity of domestic rice varieties. We conducted a genome-wide association study on 5 panicle traits of 315 rice accessions introduced from the international rice micro-core germplasm bank. Based on the tests from Yangzhou of China and Arkansas of American, environment exhibited a significant impacts on panicle length and primary branch number, while grain length, grain width and grain length/width ratio were insensitive to environment changes. We discovered a total of 7, 5, 10, 8 and 6 chromosomal regions or single nucleotide polymorphism marker loci that were significantly associated with primary branch number, panicle length, grain length, grain width and grain length/width ratio, respectively. Among them, eleven regions were associated with grain shape and one region associated with primary branch number, showing the good consistence in two different environments. Significant linear correlation was discovered between the average trait value and the number of favorable alleles carried by the varieties in all associated loci. Among the associated loci, varieties in aromatic and tropical japonica sub-groups possessed most favorable alleles, while those in temperate japonica sub-group contained the least. The domestic varieties mainly harbored unfavorable alleles in six of the associated loci being detected. On the contrary, 15 varieties from 11 different countries harbored more favorable alleles （as many as 30 or more） than the others. Remarkably, all these 15 varieties belonged to the tropical japonica sub-group. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that varieties in the tropical japonica sub-group had high potentials for breeding stable high-yielding rice. Based on this discovery, we proposed a new approach for improving the panicle traits of domestic rice by

关键词： international rice core germplasm panicle trait genome-wide association study favorableallele breeding utilization

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Improvement of Rice Resistance to Sheath Blight by Pyramiding QTLs Conditioning Disease Resistance and Tiller Angle

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Rice science 2014年第6期21卷 318-326页

作者： zuo shi-min ZHANG Ya-fang CHEN Zong-xiang JIANG Wei FENG ming-hui PAN Xue-biao Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province College of Agriculture Yangzhou University/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education

Rice resistance to sheath blight （SB） is controlled by polygenes or quantitative trait loci （QTLs） and affected by plant morphological traits, qSB-9^TQ and TAG1^TQ, which control SB resistance and tiller angle （TA）, respectively, were employed to test whether the combination of the two genes will further improve rice SB resistance and reduce yield loss rather than only one of them or neither. Using two pairs of near isogenic lines （NILs）, TAC1^TQ was confirmed to contribute to SB resistance. However, its effect was less considerable than that of qSB-9^TQ. Subsequently, the two genes were introduced into two commercial rice varieties to develop a series of NILs. The NILs carrying both TAG1^TQ and qSB-9^TQ showed more resistance than the NILs containing only one of them. Comparing the grain yield per plant （GYP） under the three different SB disease conditions, namely slight, moderate and severe conditions, NILs carrying both genes apparently lost lower GYP than the NILs without the two genes and the NILs carrying only TAC1^TQ. Under slight disease condition, no significant differences were found on morphology, development and GYP associated traits except for TA between the NILs carrying both genes and either of them, indicating that the two genes have no inferior effect on rice agronomic traits. Results indicated that mAC1^TQ and qSB-9^TQ have high breeding potential, and pyramiding SB resistance QTL and morphological trait QTL is a potential approach in improving rice SB resistance.

关键词： breeding potential QTL pyramiding rice sheath blight yield

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iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics analysis of defense responses triggered by the pathogen Rhizoctonia solani infection in rice

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第1期21卷 139-152页

作者： FENG Zhi-ming GAO Peng ZHAO Jian-hua WANG Guang-da ZHANG Hui-min CAO Wen-lei XUE Xiang ZHANG Ya-fang MA Yu-yin HUA Rong CHEN Zong-xiang CHEN Xi-jun HU Ke-ming zuo shi-min Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding Agricultural CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety Ministry of Education of China/Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology DevelopmentYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China Yangzhou Polytechnic College Yangzhou 225000P.R.China Jiangsu Hongqi Seed Stock Co. Ltd.Taizhou 225311P.R.China

The soil-borne necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani is one of destructive fungi causing severe yield losses in various important crops. However, the host defense mechanisms against the invasion of this pathogen are poorly understood. In this study, we employed an i TRAQ-based quantitative proteomic approach to investigate host proteins responsive to R. solani using the resistant rice cultivar YSBR1. As a whole, we identified 319 differentially accumulated proteins(DAPs) after inoculation of rice plants with R. solani. Functional categorization analysis indicates that these DAPs cover a broad range of functions. Notably, a substantial portion of the DAPs are involved in cell redox homeostasis, carbohydrate metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, or belong to pathogenesis-related proteins, indicating that these processes/proteins play important roles in host defense against R. solani. Interestingly, all of the DAPs involved in photosynthesis and chlorophyll biosynthetic processes, and part of the DAPs involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, show reduced accumulation after R. solani infection, suggesting that R. solani probably inhibits host photosynthetic system and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis to facilitate infection and colonization. In conclusion, our results provide both valuable resources and new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying rice and R. solani interaction.

关键词： rice sheath blight Rhizoctonia solani proteomic defense response

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Morphological Structure and Genetic Mapping of New Leaf-Color Mutant Gene in Rice (Oryza sativa)

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Rice science 2012年第2期19卷 79-85页

作者： LI Yu-hong WANG Bao-he DAI Zheng-yuan LI Ai-hong LIu Guang-qing zuo shi-min ZHANG Hong-xi PAN Xue-biao Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China Lixiahe Region Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province Nanjing Subcenter of National Rice Improvement Center Yangzhou 225007 China

Leaf-color mutations are a widely-observed class of mutations, playing an important role in the study of chlorophyll biosynthesis and plant chloroplast structure, function, genetics and development. A naturally-occurring leaf-color rice mutant, Baihuaidao 7, was analyzed. Mutant plants typically exhibited a green-white-green leaf-color progression, but this phenotype was only expressed in the presence of a stress signal induced by mechanical scarification such as transplantation. Prior to the appearance of white ~eaves, mutant plant growth, leaf color, chlorophyll content, and chloroplast ultrastructure appeared to be identical to those of the wild type. After the changeover to white leaf color, an examination of the mutated leaves revealed a decrease in total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid content, a reduction in the number of chloroplast grana lamella and grana, and a gradual degradation of the thylakoid lamellas. At maturity, the mutant plant was etiolated and dwarfed compared with wild-type plants. Genetic analysis indicated that the leaf mutant character is controlled by a recessive nuclear gene. Genetic mapping of the mutant gene was performed using an F2 population derived from a Baihuaidao 7 ~ Jiangxi 1587 cross. The mutant gene was mapped to rice chromosome 11, positioned between InDel markers L59.2-7 and L64.8-11, which are separated by approximately 740.5 kb. The mutant gene is believed to be a new leaf-color mutant gene in rice, and is tentatively designated as gwgl.

关键词： Oryza sativa leaf-color mutant morphological structure genetic analysis gene mapping

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Fine mapping of a novel wax crystal-sparse leaf3 gene in rice

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第2期16卷 497-502页

作者： GONG Hong-bing ZENG Sheng-yuan XUE Xiang ZHANG Ya-fang CHEN Zong-xiang zuo shi-min LI Chuang LIN Tian-zi JING De-dao YU Bo QIAN Hua-fei PAN Xue-biao SHENG Sheng-lan Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics Ministry of Education/ Agricultural College Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 P.R. China Zhenjiang Agricultural Research Institute Jurong 212400 P.R. China

Cuticular wax plays an important role in protecting plants against water loss and pathogen infection and in the adaptations to environmental stresses. The genetic mechanism of the biosynthesis and accumulation of epicuticular wax in rice remains largely unknown. Here, we show a spontaneous mutant displaying wax crystal-sparse leaves and decreased content of epicuticular wax that was derived from the cytoplasmic male sterility （CMS） restorer line Zhenhui 714. Compared with the wild type Zhenhui 714, the mutant exhibited hydrophilic features on leaf surface and more sensitivity to drought stress. The mutation also caused lower grain number per panicle and thousand grain weight, leading to the decline of yield. Genetic analysis indicates that the mutation is controlled by a single recessive gene, named wax crystal-sparse leaf3 （wsl3）. Using segregation populations derived from crosses of mutant/Zhendao 88 and mutant/Wuyujing 3, respectively, the wsl3 gene was fine-mapped to a 110-kb region between markers c3-16 and c3-22 on chromosome 3. According to the rice reference genome and gene analysis, we conclude that a novel gene/mechanism involved in regulation of rice cuticular wax formation.

关键词： rice cuticular wax wax crystal-sparse fine mapping

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Discovery of and Preliminary studies on a Rapid-Leafing Rice Genotype at the Vegetative Growth Stage

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Rice science 2008年第1期15卷 29-35页

作者： MAO Hai-yan PAN Cun-hong CHEN Zong-xiang ZHANG Ya-fang zuo shi-min CHENG Jin-rong PAN Xue-biao Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province~Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of ministry ofEducation of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China

The leafing rates of fourteen rice varieties were measured in a sowing-time experiment, and a rapid leafing genotype at the vegetative growth stage was discovered in an indica variety Yanhui 559. The leaf number on the main culm of Yanhui 559 was always 4-5 leaves more than that of Lemont, and the leafing rate of Yanhui 559 was significantly higher than that of Lemont based on similar growth durations from sowing to heading. Furthermore, the difference of the leafing rate was significant at the vegetative growth stage, but not distinctive at the panicle initiation stage. Genetic analysis of the leafing rates in the two backcross populations of Yanhui 559 and Lemont showed that major and quantitative genes controlled the expression of rapid leafing character. Based on results of investigation for some plants with similar growth durations in the backcrossing populations, the rapid leafing genotypes exhibited earlier tillering and more tiller numbers per plant, and its yield components including the number of panicles per plant and number of grains per panicle were superior to those of the slow leafing genotypes. Further research and application feasibility of the rapid leafing genotype in breeding were discussed.

关键词： rapid leafing vegetative growth stage leaf number on the main culm number of panicles per plant rice

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枯落物处理对格木林土壤碳氮转化和微生物群落结构的短期影响

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应用生态学报 2018年第7期29卷 2259-2268页

作者：罗达史作民李东胜新疆林业科学院经济林研究所乌鲁木齐830063 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室北京100091 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心南京210037 河北省林业调查规划设计院石家庄050051

以我国南亚热带格木人工纯林为研究对象,采用气压过程分离(BaPS)技术和磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)法研究了不同枯落物处理(对照、枯落物去除、枯落物加倍)下土壤碳氮转化速率和微生物群落结构的季节变化.结果表明:不同枯落物处理土壤呼吸和总硝... 详细信息

以我国南亚热带格木人工纯林为研究对象,采用气压过程分离(BaPS)技术和磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)法研究了不同枯落物处理(对照、枯落物去除、枯落物加倍)下土壤碳氮转化速率和微生物群落结构的季节变化.结果表明:不同枯落物处理土壤呼吸和总硝化速率均呈现明显的季节动态,雨季显著高于旱季.枯落物处理初期,土壤呼吸和总硝化速率均随枯落物输入量的增加呈下降趋势,但随着枯落物处理时间的延长,二者随枯落物输入量的增加而增加.旱季不同枯落物处理土壤微生物PLFAs总量和各菌群PLFAs量均显著高于雨季,而雨季真菌PLFAs/细菌PLFAs明显高于旱季.在旱季,枯落物去除处理土壤微生物PLFAs总量、细菌PLFAs量、真菌PLFAs量和丛枝菌根真菌PLFAs量分别显著提高30.9%、28.8%、44.4%和31.6%.在雨季,枯落物去除处理细菌PLFAs量和丛枝菌根真菌PLFAs量分别显著降低10.6%和33.3%.土壤微生物群落结构受枯落物输入量处理和季节的双重影响,土壤微生物群落结构主要受土壤温度和铵态氮的影响.枯落物输入量处理在短期内显著影响了格木林土壤碳氮转化速率和微生物群落结构,这种影响因季节的不同而存在差异.

关键词：格木人工林枯落物土壤碳氮转化微生物群落磷脂脂肪酸季节动态

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中国南北样带上栲属树种叶功能性状与环境因子的关系

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林业科学研究 2009年第4期22卷 463-469页

作者：董莉莉刘世荣史作民冯秋红中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所北京100091

以南北样带上9种主要栲属树种为研究对象,分析了栲属树种的主要功能性状与环境因子的关系。结果表明:样带上栲属树种的单位面积最大净光合速率与年平均气温成显著负相关(r=-0.413,P<0.05),与年光合有效辐射呈显著正相关(r=0.457,P<0.05)... 详细信息

以南北样带上9种主要栲属树种为研究对象,分析了栲属树种的主要功能性状与环境因子的关系。结果表明:样带上栲属树种的单位面积最大净光合速率与年平均气温成显著负相关(r=-0.413,P<0.05),与年光合有效辐射呈显著正相关(r=0.457,P<0.05),与年均降水量相关性不显著。比叶面积与年平均气温和年降水量均成显著的正相关(r=0.418,P<0.05;r=0.334,P<0.05)。在叶片养分含量方面,栲属树种的叶氮含量、叶磷含量与年平均气温、纬度均无明显的相关性。

关键词：样带叶功能性状环境因子栲属

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河南宝天曼药用植物资源及其保护对策

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林业科学研究 2005年第2期18卷 195-198页

作者：史作民程瑞梅刘世荣蒋有绪中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所北京100091

宝天曼地区共有药用植物1058种,隶属于471属,132科。蔷薇科、菊科、百合科、毛茛科等15个科所含的物种占该地区药用植物种数的38%。蒿属、蓼属等18个大属的种数达20 6%。根茎类药用植物占28 6%,以林地为生境的药用植物占43 8%。结果表明... 详细信息

宝天曼地区共有药用植物1058种,隶属于471属,132科。蔷薇科、菊科、百合科、毛茛科等15个科所含的物种占该地区药用植物种数的38%。蒿属、蓼属等18个大属的种数达20 6%。根茎类药用植物占28 6%,以林地为生境的药用植物占43 8%。结果表明:宝天曼地区药用植物较丰富,森林与该区药用植物的生存息息相关。要从4个方面进行保护和利用:(1)对野生生物资源的采集、利用、贸易要加强立法和执法;(2)加强药用植物资源的科研工作;(3)建立药用植物园;(4)对有重要开发价值的药用植物建立繁育基地。

关键词：药用植物资源保护对策宝天曼

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