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千金苇茎汤合透脓散加减对肺部感染患者通气功能、血气指标和微炎症状态的影响

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辽宁中医杂志 2024年第10期51卷 65-68页

作者：姚凌锋肖莉刘芳芳广州中医药大学附属中山医院广东中山528400

目的观察千金苇茎汤合透脓散加减对肺部感染患者通气功能、血气指标和微炎症状态的影响。方法选取2020年1月—2023年1月医院收治的60例肺部感染患者为研究对象,依据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各30例,对照组给予西医常规治疗,观察... 详细信息

目的观察千金苇茎汤合透脓散加减对肺部感染患者通气功能、血气指标和微炎症状态的影响。方法选取2020年1月—2023年1月医院收治的60例肺部感染患者为研究对象,依据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各30例,对照组给予西医常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予千金苇茎汤合透脓散加减治疗,比较两组临床疗效、中医证候积分、临床肺部感染评分(CPIS)、肺功能[一秒钟用力呼气容积(FEV1)、每分钟最大通气量(MMV)、肺总量(TLC)]、血气指标[氧分压(PaO_(2))、二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))]、微炎症状态[降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞计数(WBC)]及不良反应发生率。结果观察组治疗有效率高于对照组(93.33%vs 73.33%)(P<0.05)。治疗后两组中医证候积分、CPIS评分、PaCO_(2)和PCT、CRP、IL-6、WBC水平均降低,FEV_(1)、MMV、TLC、PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)均升高(P<0.05),且观察组中医证候积分、CPIS评分、PaCO_(2)和PCT、CRP、IL-6、WBC水平低于对照组,FEV_(1)、MMV、TLC、PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组(3.33%vs20.00%)(P<0.05)。结论千金苇茎汤合透脓散加减治疗肺部感染患者的疗效显著,可改善中医证候、缓解病情,提高肺功能,平衡血气指标,减轻炎症反应,且安全性较高。

关键词：肺部感染千金苇茎汤合透脓散通气功能血气指标微炎症状态

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Chemical modification of barite for improving the performance of weighting materials for water-based drilling fluids

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 551-566页

作者： Li-Li Yang Ze-Yu liu Shi-bo Wang Xian-Bo He Guan-Cheng Jiang Jie Zhang MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and ProspectingChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Changping DistrictBeijing102249China MOE Key CNPC Drilling Research Institute Changping DistrictBeijing102206China

With increasing drilling depth and large dosage of weighting materials,drilling fluids with high solid content are characterized by poor stability,high viscosity,large water loss,and thick mud cake,easier leading to reservoir damage and wellbore *** this paper,micronized barite(MB)was modified(mMB)by grafting with hydrophilic polymer onto the surface through the free radical polymerization to displace conventional API barite *** suspension stability of water-based drilling fluids(WBDFs)weighted with API barite:mMB=2:1 in 600 g was significantly enhanced compared with that with API barite/WBDFs,exhibiting the static sag factor within 0.54 and the whole stability index of *** viscosity and yield point reached the minimum,with a reduction of more than 40%compared with API barite only at the same *** multi-stage filling and dense accumulation of weighting materials and clays,filtration loss was decreased,mud cake quality was improved,and simultaneously it had great reservoir protection performance,and the permeability recovery rate reached 87%.In addition,it also effectively improved the lubricity of *** sticking coefficient of mud cake was reduced by 53.4%,and the friction coefficient was ***,mMB can serve as a versatile additive to control the density,rheology,filtration,and stability of WBDFs weighted with API barite,thus regulating comprehensive performance and achieving reservoir protection *** work opened up a new path for the productive drilling of extremely deep and intricate wells by providing an efficient method for managing the performance of high-density WBDFs.

关键词： Drilling fluids Weighting materials Filtration control Reservoir protection Stability property

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Multi-spheric interactions driven differential formation and accumulation of hydrocarbon resources in the North Sea Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 3397-3420页

作者： Rixiang ZHU Shuichang ZHANG Huajian WANG Xiaomei WANG Yuke liu Wang ZHANG Fang HAO Zhijun JIN Key Laboratory of Deep Petroleum Intelligent Exploration and Development Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil & Gas Recovery Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development China National Petroleum Corporation State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum (East China) Institute of Energy Peking University

The North Sea Basin is the most important oil and gas producing area in Europe and the birthplace of many classic petroleum geological theories. From the perspective of multi-spheric interactions in the Earth, this study investigated the riftforeland-rift evolution process of the North Sea Basin, which was controlled by the deep dynamic driving forces of the continental collision orogeny, mantle plume uplift, and intraplate deformation. The North Sea Basin was found to have drifted northward since the Carboniferous and passed through the low-latitude Hadley and the mid-latitude Ferrel cells. Two sets of main hydrocarbon source rocks have formed, the coals and coal measures of the Upper Carboniferous Westphalian and the marine shale of the Upper Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation. We propose that the deep processes, tectonic activity, and transgression-climate evolution jointly controlled the types and horizons of the source rocks, reservoirs, and seals in different regions of the North Sea Basin. In the southern North Sea Basin, a Carboniferous-Lower Triassic gas-rich petroleum system was formed,which is characterized by transitional coal measure source rocks, desert aeolian sandstone reservoirs, and evaporite cap rocks. In the northern North Sea Basin, an Upper Triassic-Paleogene oil-rich petroleum system was formed, which is characterized by marine graben-type source rocks, deltaic sandstone and marine limestone reservoirs, and marine tight marl and shale cap *** late tectonic burial and uplift in the North Sea Basin further controlled the processes of oil and gas generation and accumulation, ultimately leading to a differential distribution pattern which is oil rich in the northern part and gas rich in the southern part of the basin. In the future, there is an urgent need to re-examine the mechanisms for the petroleum generation and accumulation in large mature exploration areas(e.g., super basins such as the North Sea) and low exploration areas(e.g., the O

关键词： North Sea Basin Multi-spheric interactions Petroleum system Okhotsk Sea region

Upcycling electroplating sludge into bioengineering-enabled highly stable dual-site Fe-Ni_(2)P@C electrocatalysts for efficient oxygen evolution

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6984-6992页

作者： Jiawen liu zunpeng zuo Feng Gao Kai Yi Jiahui Lin Mengye Wang Zhang Lin Feng Huang State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of MaterialsSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of SciencesGanzhou 341000China

The advancement of bimetallic catalysts holds significant promise for the innovation of oxygen evolution reaction(OER)*** from adsorbate evolution mechanism(AEM)and lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism(LOM),the incorporation of dual active sites has the potential to foster novel OER pathways,such as the coupled oxygen evolution mechanism(COM),which can surpass the limitations of OER and elevate catalytic *** this study,uniformly distributed Fe/Ni dual-site Fe-Ni_(2)P@C electrocatalysts are crafted by upcycling metals in electroplating sludge via an eco-friendly and sustainable microbial engineering *** findings indicate that a substantial number of defects emerge at the Ni2P crystal during the OER process,laying the groundwork for lattice oxygen ***,the displacement of Ni/Fe in the crystal lattice intensifies the asymmetry of the electronic structure at the metal active sites,facilitating the deprotonation *** research introduces an innovative paradigm for the synthesis of effective and robust transition metal-based OER catalysts,with implications for sustainable energy generation technologies.

关键词： oxygen evolution reaction dual active sites adsorbate evolution mechanism lattice oxygen mechanism bioengineering

Sequential reactant water management by complementary multisite catalysts for surpassing platinum hydrogen evolution activity

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1232-1241页

作者： Yu Lin Defang Ding Shicheng Zhu Qunlei Wen Huangjingwei Li Zhen Li Youwen liu Yi Shen China Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education Faculty of Materials Science and ChemistryChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology and School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)offers a near-zero-emission approach to advance hydrogen ***,the activity limited by the multiple reaction steps involving H_(2)O molecules transfer,absorption,and activation still unqualified the thresholds of economic ***,we proposed a multisite complementary strategy that incorporates hydrophilic Mo and electrophilic V into Ni-based catalysts to divide the distinct steps on atomically dispersive sites and thus realize sequential regulation of the HER *** Isotopic labeled in situ Raman spectroscopy describes 4-coordinated hydrogen bonded H_(2)O to be free H_(2)O passing the inner Helmholtz plane in the vicinity of the catalysts under the action of hydrophilic Mo ***,potential-dependent electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)reveals that electrophilic V sites with abundant 3d empty orbitals could activate the lone-pair electrons in the free H_(2)O molecules to produce more protic hydrogen,and dimerize into H_(2) at the Ni *** the sequential management of reactive H_(2)O molecules,NiMoV oxides multisite catalysts surpass Pt/C hydrogen evolution activity(49 mV@10 mA∙cm^(-2) over 140 h).Profoundly,this study provides a tangible model to deepen the comprehension of the catalyst–electrolyte interface and create efficient catalysts for diverse reactions.

关键词： hydrogen evolution activity complementary multisite catalysts sequential reactive water management interfacial water molecules

Controllable synthesis of one-dimensional silicon nanostructures based on the dual effects of electro-deoxidation and the Kirkendall effect

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 7814-7823页

作者： Jianxin Tu Shuo Yu Kui Hao Le Sun Ruicheng Bai Fangzhou Zhang Aijun Li Hong liu Institute of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloon 999077Hong KongChina Shaoxing institute of technology Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

In this study,we successfully synthesized silicon nanotubes(Si-NTs)and silicon nanowires(Si-NWs)in a controllable manner using a catalyst-and template-free method through the direct electrolysis of SiO_(2)in a molten CaCl_(2)-CaO system,while also proposing a novel formation mechanism for ***-NWs are formed through electro-deoxidation when the cell voltage is within the range of CaO decomposition voltage and SiO_(2)decomposition *** subsequently adjusting the voltage to a value between the decomposition potentials of CaCl_(2)and CaO,in-situ electro-deoxidation of CaO takes place on the surface of the synthesized Si-NWs,leading to the formation of a Ca *** formation of Ca-Si diffusion couple leads to the creation of vacancies within the Si-NWs,as the outward diffusion rate of Si exceeds the inward diffusion rate of *** differential diffusion rates between Si and Ca in a diffusion couple exhibit an analogy to the Kirkendall *** vacancies gradually accumulate and merge,forming large voids,which ultimately result in the formation of hollow *** a subsequent dealloying process,the removal of the embedded calcium leads to the formation of *** the application of a carbon coating,the Si-NTs@C composite showcases a high initial discharge capacity of 3211 mAh·g^(-1)at 1.5 A·g^(-1)and exhibits exceptional long-term cycling stability,maintaining a capacity of 977 mAh·g^(-1)after 2000 cycles at 3.0 A·g^(-1).

关键词： silicon nanotubes silicon nanowires lithium-ion battery Kirkendall effect

Manipulating photogenerated electron flow in nickel single‐atom catalysts for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction into tunable syngas

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Carbon Energy 2024年第8期6卷 205-213页

作者： Yida Zhang Qingyu Wang Lihui Wu Haibin Pan Chengyuan liu Yue Lin Gongming Wang Xusheng Zheng National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina College of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina Department of Chemistry Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina

The key to designing photocatalysts is to orient the migration of photogenerated electrons to the target active sites rather than dissipate at inert ***,we demonstrate that the doping of phosphorus(P)significantly enriches photogenerated electrons at Ni active sites and enhances the performance for CO_(2)reduction into *** photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction,Ni single‐atom‐anchored P‐modulated carbon nitride showed an impressive syngas yield rate of 85μmol gcat^(−1)h^(−1)and continuously adjustable CO/H_(2)ratios ranging from 5:1 to 1:2,which exceeded those of most of the reported carbon nitride‐based single‐atom *** studies reveal that P doping improves the conductivity of catalysts,which promotes photogenerated electron transfer to the Ni active sites rather than dissipate randomly at low‐activity nonmetallic sites,facilitating the CO_(2)‐to‐syngas photoreduction process.

关键词： carbon nitride CO_(2)photoreduction electron flow Ni single atoms syngas

Analytical solution for tunnelling-induced response of an overlying pipeline considering gap formation

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Underground Space 2024年第2期15卷 298-311页

作者： Cungang Lin Junjie Zheng Yiwen Ye Farrokh Nadim Zhongqiang liu Chenyang Zhao Yu Chen Zhi Ding Guangdong Research Center for Underground Space Exploitation Technology School of Civil EngineeringSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Civil Engineering School of Civil EngineeringSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510275China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China School of Civil Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Guangdong Road and Bridge Construction Development Co. Ltd.Guangzhou 510660China Norwegian Geotechnical Institute Oslo 0806Norway Key Laboratory of Safe Construction and Intelligent Maintenance for Urban Shield Tunnels of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310015China

Soil-pipeline separation due to tunnelling has been certainly substantiated in previous model ***,this phenomenon has seldom been considered in current analytical *** study formulates a tensionless Winkler solution that could make allowance for gap formation in soil-pipeline interaction *** solution is validated by comparisons with existing experimental measurements and two recognized analytical ***,its advantage over an existing Winkler solution is *** parametric studies reveal that the effects of gap formation on the response of a pipeline rely largely on the tunnel volume loss and the pipeline’s bending stiffness and burial *** general,a pipeline’s bending moments and subgrade reaction forces are more susceptible than its deflections to the gap formation.

关键词： Soil-pipeline interaction Tunnelling Tensionless Winkler model Ground settlement Analytical solution Gap formation

Amorphous electrocatalysts for urea oxidation reaction

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第2期34卷 362-375页

作者： Fenghui Guo Dongle Cheng Qian Chen Hao liu Zhiliang Wu Ning Han Bing-Jie Ni Zhijie Chen School of Materials Science and Technology China University of Geosciences Shenzhen Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney College of Safety and Environmental Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Institute of Yellow River Delta Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Integrity Shandong University of Science and Technology Discipline of Chemical Engineering Western Australian School of Mines: Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering Curtin University Department of Materials Engineering School of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of New South Wales

Electrochemical urea oxidation reaction(UOR) is a promising alternative to oxygen evolution reaction(OER) for realizing energy-saving hydrogen production. Developing efficient electrocatalysts for UOR becomes a central challenge. Recently, amorphous materials have been extensively used as UOR catalysts because of their numerous defective sites and flexible electronic properties. In this review, recent advancements in the development of amorphous UOR electrocatalysts are analyzed. The UOR mechanism is discussed, and the design of amorphous catalysts is then analyzed. The main catalyst design strategies are illustrated, including nanostructure control,heteroatom doping, composition regulation, and heterostructure construction. Also, electrocatalysts' structureperformance correlation is interpreted. Perspectives in this field are proposed for guiding future studies on the development of high-performance amorphous catalysts towards energy sustainability.

关键词： Catalyst design Hydrogen energy Heterostructures Heteroatom doping Component regulation