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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 120-122页

作者： Xiao-Bin Wang ping Chen Xue-Er Yu zu-Liang Yao Ting-Chao Guo Bo-Chen Pan Center for Reproductive Medicine Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004China NuProbe Shanghai 200433China Urology Surgery of The Affiliated Reproductive Hospital of China Medical University and Liaoning Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning(The Affiliated Reproductive Hospital of China Medical University)Shenyang 110031China NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics China Medical UniversityShenyang 110122China

DearEditor,Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism(CHH)is a rare genetic disease characterized by gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)deficiency or insufficiency and normal hypothalamic-pituitary structures,resulting in defective sexual maturation or/and infertility.!CHH presents as a variety of nonreproductive phenotypes,such as renal hypoplasia,dental hypoplasia,or oculomotor abnormalities.

关键词： pogon compound ism

Belief reliability:a scientific exploration of reliability engineering

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第3期35卷 619-643页

作者： ZHANG Qingyuan LI Xiaoyang zu Tianpei KANG rui International Innovation Institute Beihang UniversityHangzhou 311115China Science and Technology on Reliability and Environmental Engineering Laboratory Beijing 100191China School of Reliability Engineering and Systems Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

This paper systematically introduces and reviews a scientific exploration of reliability called the belief reliability.Beginning with the origin of reliability engineering,the problems of present theories for reliability engineering are summarized as a query,a dilemma,and a puzzle.Then,through philosophical reflection,we introduce the theoretical solutions given by belief reliability theory,including scientific principles,basic equations,reliability science experiments,and mathematical measures.The basic methods and technologies of belief reliability,namely,belief reliability analysis,function-oriented belief reliability design,belief reliability evaluation,and several newly developed methods and technologies are sequentially elaborated and overviewed.Based on the above investigations,we summarize the significance of belief reliability theory and make some prospects about future research,aiming to promote the development of reliability science and engineering.

关键词： belief reliability performance margin reliability experiment chance measure uncertainty

Human pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney organoids:Current progress and challenges

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第2期16卷 114-125页

作者： Hong-Yan Long zu-ping Qian Qin Lan Yong-Jie Xu Jing-Jing Da Fu-Xun Yu Yan Zha Graduate School Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory Medicine Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuiyang 550002Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuiyang 550002Guizhou ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Immune Diseases National Health CommissionGuizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuiyang 550002Guizhou ProvinceChina

Human pluripotent stem cell(hPSC)-derived kidney organoids share similarities with the fetal kidney.However,the current hPSC-derived kidney organoids have some limitations,including the inability to perform nephrogenesis and lack of a corticomedullary definition,uniform vascular system,and coordinated exit path-way for urinary filtrate.Therefore,further studies are required to produce hPSC-derived kidney organoids that accurately mimic human kidneys to facilitate research on kidney development,regeneration,disease modeling,and drug screening.In this review,we discussed recent advances in the generation of hPSC-derived kidney organoids,how these organoids contribute to the understanding of human kidney development and research in disease modeling.Additionally,the limitations,future research focus,and applications of hPSC-derived kidney organoids were highlighted.

关键词： Kidney Organoids Human pluripotent stem cell Development Vascular system Disease modeling

A probabilistic model based on the peak-over-threshold approach for risk assessment of airport controllers’performance

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第1期5卷 110-118页

作者： Lili zu Yijie Lu Min Dong College of Economics and Management Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China School of Engineering and Applied Science George Washington UniversityWashington DC 20052USA College of Civil Aviation Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China

Airport tower control plays an instrumental role in ensuring airport safety.However,obtaining objective,quantitative safety evaluations is challenging due to the unavailability of pertinent human operation data.This study introduces a probabilistic model that combines aircraft dynamics and the peak-over-threshold(POT)approach to assess the safety performance of airport controllers.We applied the POT approach to model reaction times extracted from a radiotelephony dataset via a voice event detection algorithm.The model couples the risks of tower control and aircraft operation to analyze the influence of human factors.Using data from radiotele-phony communications and the Base of Aircraft Data(BADA)database,we compared risk levels across scenarios.Our findings revealed heightened airport control risks under low demand(0.374)compared to typical conditions(0.197).Furthermore,the risks associated with coupling under low demand exceeded those under typical de-mand,with the final approach stage presenting the highest risk(4.929×107).Our model underscores the significance of human factors and the implications of mental disconnects between pilots and controllers for safety risks.Collectively,these consistent findings affirm the reliability of our probabilistic model as an evaluative tool for evaluating the safety performance of airport tower controllers.The results also illuminate the path toward quantitative real-time safety evaluations for airport controllers within the industry.We recommend that airport regulators focus on the performance of airport controllers,particularly during the final approach stage.

关键词： Safety evaluation Performance Probabilistic model Task demand Airport controller

Endovascular treatment of ruptured lobulated anterior communicating artery aneurysms:A retrospective study of 24 patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2529-2541页

作者： Sheng-Xuan Huang Xun-ping Ai Ze-Hui Kang Zhi-Yong Chen Ren-Man Li zu-Chao Wu Feng Zhu Department of Neurosurgery Sanming First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversitySanming 365000Fujian ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Lobulated intracranial aneurysm is a special type of aneurysm with at least one additional cyst in the neck or body of the aneurysm.Lobulated intracranial aneurysm is a complex aneurysm with complex morphology and structure and weak tumor wall,which is an independent risk factor for rupture and hemorrhage.Lobular aneurysms located in the anterior communicating artery complex account for 36.9%of all intracranial lobular aneurysms.Due to its special anatomical structure,both craniotomy and endovascular treatment are more difficult.Compared with single-capsule aneurysms,craniotomy for lobular intracranial aneurysms has a higher risk and complication rate.AIM To investigate the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment for ruptured lobulated anterior communicating artery aneurysm(ACoAA).METHODS Patients with ruptured lobulated ACoAA received endovascular treatment in Sanming First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from June 2020 to June 2022 were retrospectively included.Their demographic,clinical and imaging characteristics,endovascular treatment methods and follow-up results were collected.RESULTS A total of 24 patients with ruptured lobulated ACoAA were included,including 9 males(37.5%)and 15 females(62.5%).Their age was 56.2±8.9 years old(range 39-74).The time from rupture to endovascular treatment was 10.9±12.5 h.The maximum diameter of the aneurysms was 5.1±1.0 mm and neck width were 3.0±0.7 mm.Nineteen patients(79.2%)were double-lobed and 5(20.8%)were multilobed.Fisher's grade:Grade 2 in 16 cases(66.7%),grade 3 in 6 cases(25%),and grade 4 in 2 cases(8.3%).Hunt-Hess grade:Grade 0-2 in 5 cases(20.8%),grade 3-5 in 19 cases(79.2%).Glasgow Coma Scale score:9-12 in 14 cases(58.3%),13-15 in 10 cases(41.7%).Immediately postprocedural Raymond-Roy grade:grade 1 in 23 cases(95.8%),grade 2 in 1 case(4.2%).Raymond-Roy grade in imaging follow-up for 2 wk to 3 months:grade 1 in 23 cases(95.8%),grade 2 in 1 case(4.2%).Followup for 2 to 12 months showed that 21 patients(87.5%)had good functional o

关键词： Intracranial aneurysm Anterior cerebral artery Endovascular surgery Embolism Treatment outcome

Washed microbiota transplantation for Crohn’s disease:A metagenomic,metatranscriptomic,and metabolomic-based study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1572-1587页

作者： Shi-Ju Chen Da-Ya Zhang Xia Wu Fa-Ming Zhang Bo-Ta Cui Yi-Hao Huang zu-Lun Zhang rui Wang Fei-Hu Bai Graduate School Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199Hainan ProvinceChina Department of Microbiota Medicine&Medical Center for Digestive Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570216Hainan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is a promising therapeutic approach for treating Crohn’s disease(CD).The new method of FMT,based on the automatic washing process,was named as washed microbiota transplantation(WMT).Most existing studies have focused on observing the clinical phenomena.However,the mechanism of action of FMT for the effective management of CD-particularly in-depth multi-omics analysis involving the metagenome,metatranscriptome,and metabolome-has not yet been reported.AIM To assess the efficacy of WMT for CD and explore alterations in the microbiome and metabolome in response to WMT.METHODS We conducted a prospective,open-label,single-center clinical study.Eleven CD patients underwent WMT.Their clinical responses(defined as a decrease in their CD Activity Index score of>100 points)and their microbiome(metagenome,metatranscriptome)and metabolome profiles were evaluated three months after the procedure.RESULTS Seven of the 11 patients(63.6%)showed an optimal clinical response three months post-WMT.Gut microbiome diversity significantly increased after WMT,consistent with improved clinical symptoms.Comparison of the metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses revealed consistent alterations in certain strains,such as Faecalibac-terium prausnitzii,Roseburia intestinalis,and Escherichia coli.In addition,metabolomics analyses demonstrated that CD patients had elevated levels of various amino acids before treatment compared to the donors.However,levels of vital amino acids that may be associated with disease progression(e.g.,L-glutamic acid,gamma-glutamyl-leucine,and prolyl-glutamine)were reduced after WMT.CONCLUSION WMT demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in CD treatment,likely due to the effective reconstruction of the patient’s microbiome.Multi-omics techniques can effectively help decipher the potential mechanisms of WMT in treating CD.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Clinical trials Fecal microbiota transplant Metagenome Metatranscriptome Metabolome

Research on blade tip clearance cavitation and turbulent kinetic energy characteristics of axial flow pump based on the partially-averaged Navier-Stokes model

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 184-201页

作者： Xiao-qi Jia Shuai-kang Zhang zu-chao Zhu Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China

To reveal the cavitation forms of tip leakage vortex(TLV)of the axial flow pump and the flow mechanism of the flow field,this research adopts the partially-averaged Navier-Stokes(PANS)model to simulate the cavitation values of an axial flow pump,followed by experimental validation.The experimental result shows that compared with the shear stress transport(SST)k-ωmodel,the PANS model significantly reduces the eddy viscosity of the flow field to make the vortex structure clearer and allow the turbulence scale to be more robustly analyzed.The cavitation area within the axial flow pump mainly comprises of TLV cavitation,clearance cavitation and tip leakage flows combined effect of triangular cloud cavitation formed.The formation and development of cavitation are accompanied by the formation and evolution of vortex,and variations in vortex structure also generate and promote the development of cavitation.In addition,an in-depth analysis of the relationship between the turbulent kinetic energy(TKE)transport equation and cavitation patterns was also conducted,finding that the regions with relatively high TKE are mainly distributed around gas/liquid boundaries with serious cavitation and evident gas-liquid change.This phenomenon is mainly attributed to the combined effect of the pressure action term,stress diffusion term and TKE production term.

关键词： Cavitation axial flow pump tip leakage vortex(TLV) partially-averaged Navier-Stokes(PANS)model turbulent kinetic energy(TKE)

Cosmological interpretation for the stochastic signal in pulsar timing arrays

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 43-50页

作者： Yu-Mei Wu zu-Cheng Chen Qing-Guo Huang School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519087China Department of Physics and Synergistic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The pulsar timing array(PTA)collaborations have recently reported compelling evidence for a stochastic signal consistent with a gravitational-wave background.In this paper,we combine the latest data sets from NANOGrav,PPTA,and EPTA to explore cosmological interpretations for the PTA signal from first-order phase transitions,domain walls,and cosmic strings,respectively.We find that the domain wall model is strongly disfavored with the Bayes factors compared with the first-order phase transitions and cosmic strings being 1/90 and 1/189,respectively,breaking the degeneracy among these models in individual data set.We also find that:(1)a strong phase transition at temperatures below the electroweak scale is favored,and the bubble collisions make the dominant contribution to the energy density spectrum;(2)a small reconnection probability p<1.55×10^(-1)allowed by strings in(super)string theory is favored at the 95%confidence level,and ground-based detectors can further constrain the parameter space.

关键词： puslar timing arrays gravitational-wave background first-order phase transitions domain walls cosmic strings

Environmental characteristics of sandstorm of Minqin Oasis in China for recent 50 years

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第5期17卷 857-860页

作者： ZHANG Ke-cun QU Jian-jun zu rui-ping FANG Hai-yan Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute. Chinese Academy ofSciences Lanzhou 730000 China

The purpose of this present study is to investigate the frequency and variation of sandstorm in Minqin Oasis. Using daily observational data of sandstorm and other meteorologic data from 1954 to 2000, we have illuminated the relationship between sandstorm, meteorological parameters and human activities. The results of the analysis show that the highest frequency of sandstorms occurrence and their duration mainly focus on March, April and May, especially in April. Most of sandstorms occur from midday to nightfall, but relative few appear from midnight to forenoon, which apparently correlates to the daily variations of atmospheric thermal stability within atmospheric boundary layer. Monthly mean and annual mean duration of sandstorms coincide well with the frequencies of sandstorm occurrence.

关键词： Minqin Oasis sandstorm environmental characteristics

Characteristics and triggering mechanisms of early negative Indian Ocean Dipole

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第3期43卷 59-65页

作者： Yue Fang Shuangwen Sun Yongcan zu Jianhu Wang Lin Feng First Institute of Oceanography and Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical ModelingMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling Qingdao 266061China

Negative Indian Ocean Dipole(nIOD)can exert great impacts on global climate and can also strongly influence the climate in China.Early nIOD is a major type of nIOD,which can induce more pronounced climate anomalies in summer than La Niña-related nIOD.However,the characteristics and triggering mechanisms of early nIOD are unclear.Our results based on reanalysis datasets indicate that the early nIOD and La Niña-related nIOD are the two major types of nIOD,and the former accounts for over one third of all the nIOD events in the past six decades.These two types of nIODs are similar in their intensities,but are different in their spatial patterns and seasonal cycles.The early nIOD,which develops in spring and peaks in summer,is one season earlier than the La Niña-related nIOD.The spatial pattern of the wind anomaly associated with early nIOD exhibits a winter monsoon-like pattern,with strong westerly anomalies in the equatorial Indian Ocean and eastly anomalies in the northern Indian Ocean.Opposite to the triggering mechanism of early positve IOD,the early nIOD is induced by delayed Indian summer monsoon onset.The results of this study are helpful for improving the prediction skill of IOD and its climate impacts.

关键词： Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD) triggering mechanism Indian summer monsoon seasonal cycle negative IOD