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Unveiling an ancient whole-genome duplication event in Stentor,the model unicellular eukaryotes

Science China life Sciences 2025年第03期 825-835页

作者： Weibo Zheng Chao li Zhaorui Zhou Xiao Chen Michael Lynch ying Yan School of life Sciences Ludong University Key Laboratory of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity (Ministry of Education) and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of China Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution Arizona State University Marine College Shandong University

Whole-genome duplication(WGD) events are widespread across eukaryotes and have played a significant role in moulding the genetic architectures of diverse organisms. In the present study, the newly sequenced genome of a giant ciliated protist, Stentor roeselii, provides an opportunity for the analysis of the collinearity and retention of reciprocal best-hit genes between two Stentor species. As a main result, we have unveiled a previously undetected ancient WGD event shaping the genome of its congener, Stentor coeruleus, a model protist used in cytological and evolutionary studies. Genomes of two congeners, S. coeruleus and S. roeselii, are compared and analyzed, revealing that:(i)the former exhibits a much higher retention rate of colinear-gene pairs(28%) than does S. roeselii, and in S. coeruleus, 75% of genes that have a RBH hit in S. roeselii, have paralogs with high amino-acid identity, consistent with a WGD event in the lineage leading to S. coeruleus;(ii) the S. roeselii genome possesses extremely short intergenic regions, implying that the lengths of intergenic regions are under strong selection;(iii) the unique characteristics of introns may have been shaped in the common ancestor of heterotrichs;(iv) gene families that play a role in activities of multiple protein kinases and voltage-gated ion channels expanded rapidly in the ancestor of both taxa, possibly relating to the remarkable regenerative ability in Stentor. This study offers new insights into the evolutionary dynamics of ciliate genomes,with implications for understanding of the processes underlying the evolution of genomic complexity.

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Chondroitinase ABC combined with Schwann cell transplantation enhances restoration of neural connection and functional recovery following acute and chronic spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1467-1482页

作者： Wenrui Qu Xiangbing Wu Wei Wu ying Wang Yan Sun lingxiao Deng Melissa Walker Chen Chen Heqiao Dai Qi Han ying Ding Yongzhi Xia George Smith Rui li Nai-Kui liu Xiao-Ming Xu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Hand Surgery the Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Anatomy&Cell Biology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

Schwann cell transplantation is considered one of the most promising cell-based therapy to repair injured spinal cord due to its unique growth-promoting and myelin-forming properties.A the Food and Drug Administration-approved Phase I clinical trial has been conducted to evaluate the safety of transplanted human autologous Schwann cells to treat patients with spinal cord injury.A major challenge for Schwann cell transplantation is that grafted Schwann cells are confined within the lesion cavity,and they do not migrate into the host environment due to the inhibitory barrier formed by injury-induced glial scar,thus limiting axonal reentry into the host spinal *** we introduce a combinatorial strategy by suppressing the inhibitory extracellular environment with injection of lentivirus-mediated transfection of chondroitinase ABC gene at the rostral and caudal borders of the lesion site and simultaneously leveraging the repair capacity of transplanted Schwann cells in adult rats following a mid-thoracic contusive spinal cord *** report that when the glial scar was degraded by chondroitinase ABC at the rostral and caudal lesion borders,Schwann cells migrated for considerable distances in both rostral and caudal *** Schwann cell migration led to enhanced axonal regrowth,including the serotonergic and dopaminergic axons originating from supraspinal regions,and promoted recovery of locomotor and urinary bladder ***,the Schwann cell survival and axonal regrowth persisted up to 6 months after the injury,even when treatment was delayed for 3 months to mimic chronic spinal cord *** findings collectively show promising evidence for a combinatorial strategy with chondroitinase ABC and Schwann cells in promoting remodeling and recovery of function following spinal cord injury.

关键词： axonal regrowth bladder function chondroitinase ABC functional recovery glial scar lentivirus migration Schwann cell spinal cord injury transplantation

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Identification of novel rodent and shrew orthohepeviruses sheds light on hepatitis E virus evolution

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Zoological Research 2025年第01期 103-121页

作者： Fu-li li Bo Wang Pei-Yu Han Bei li Hao-Rui Si Yan Zhu Hong-Min Yin li-Dong zong Yi Tang Zheng-li Shi Ben Hu Xing-Lou Yang Yun-Zhi Zhang Institute of Preventive Medicine School of Public Health Dali University Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Antipathogenic Plant Resources from Western Yunnan Yunnan Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Disease Cross-border Prevention and Quarantine Second People's Hospital of Qujing Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases Duke-NUS Medical School CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Zoonotic Viruses Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Information Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The family Hepeviridae has seen an explosive expansion in its host range in recent years, yet the evolutionary trajectory of this zoonotic pathogen remains largely unknown. The emergence of rat hepatitis E virus(HEV)has introduced a new public health threat due to its potential for zoonotic transmission. This study investigated2 ?464 wild small mammals spanning four animal orders,eight families, 21 genera, and 37 species in Yunnan Province, China. Using broadly reactive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), we systematically screened the presence and prevalence of Orthohepevirus and identified 192 positive specimens from10 species, corresponding to an overall detection rate of7.79%. Next-generation sequencing enabled the recovery of 24 full-length genomic sequences from eight host species, including Bandicota bengalensis, Eothenomys eleusis, and Episoriculus caudatus, representing newly reported host species for Orthohepevirus *** and sequence analyses revealed extensive genetic diversity within orthohepeviruses infecting rodents and shrews. Notably, among the identified strains, 20 were classified as Rocahepevirus ratti C1, two as C3, and one as Rocahepevirus eothenomi, while the remaining strain exhibited significant divergence, precluding *** analyses highlighted close associations between orthohepeviruses and their respective host taxa,with distinct phylogenetic clustering patterns observed across different host orders. These findings emphasize the critical roles of co-speciation and cross-species transmission in shaping the evolutionary trajectories of the genera Paslahepevirus and Rocahepevirus.

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An integrated photocatalytic redox architecture for simultaneous overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O toward CH_(4)and H_(2)O_(2)

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 373-382页

作者： Muhammad Salman Nasir Bowen Sheng ying Zhao Haotian Ye Jun Song Jinglin li Ping Wang Tao Wang Xinqiang Wang Zhen Huang Baowen Zhou Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Research Center for Renewable Synthetic FuelSchool of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics School of PhysicsNano-Optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education(NFC-MOE)Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Mining and Materials Engineering McGill UniversityMontrealH3A 0G4Canada Electron Microscopy Laboratory School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics Nantong 226010China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Solar-driven overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O into fuels and chemicals shows an ultimate strategy for carbon neutrality yet remains a huge ***,an integrated photocatalytic redox architecture of Zn NPs/GaN Nanowires(NWs)/Si is explored for light-driven overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O into CH_(4)and H_(2)O_(2)simultaneously without any external sacrificial agents and *** as-designed architecture affords a benchmark CH_(4)activity of 189 mmol gcat^(-1)h^(-1)with a high selectivity of 93.6%,in the synchronized formation of H_(2)O_(2)at a considerable rate of 25 m g^(-1)h^(-1).Moreover,a considerable turnover number of 27,280 mol CH_(4)per mol Zn was achieved over a long-term operation of 80 *** operando spectroscopic characterizations,isotope experiments,and density functional theory calculations,it is unraveled that Zn sites are synergetic with GaN to drive CO_(2)-to-CH_(4)conversion with a lowered energy barrier of 0.27 eV while inhibiting hydrogen evolution reaction with a relatively high energy barrier of 0.93 ***,owing to the unique surface properties of GaN,water is split into*OH and*H,followed by the formation of H_(2)O_(2)because of the alleviated adsorption strength of*OH by Zn ***,the hierarchical architecture enables the achievement of high activity and high selectivity of CH_(4)from CO_(2)reduction in distilled water along with the generation of H_(2)O_(2).This work provides an integrated photocatalytic redox architecture for the synchronized production of CH_(4)and H_(2)O_(2)with the only inputs of CO_(2),distilled water,and light.

关键词： Zn nanoparticles GaN nanowires/Si Integrated redox architecture Artificial photosynthesis CH_(4)and H_(2)0_(2)

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The ABC transporter SmABCG1 mediates tanshinones export from the peridermic cells of Salvia miltiorrhiza root

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2025年第1期67卷 135-149页

作者： Yajing li Junfeng Chen Jingyu Zhi Doudou Huang Yuchen Zhang Lei Zhang Xinyi Duan Pan Zhang Shi Qiu Jiaran Geng Jingxian Feng Ke Zhang Xu Yang Shouhong Gao Wenwen Xia Zheng Zhou Yuqi Qiao Bo li Qing li Tingzhao li Wansheng Chen ying Xiao The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources&Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Department of Pharmacy Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200003China Department of Plant Biology and Ecology College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China School of Pharmacy Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China College of life and Environmental Sciences Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310000China Amway(Shanghai)Innovation&Science Co. LtdShanghai 201203China

Plants have mechanisms to transport secondary metabolites from where they are biosynthesized to the sites where they function,or to sites such as the vacuole for ***,current research has mainly focused on metabolite biosynthesis and regulation,and little is known about their ***,a class diterpenoid with medicinal properties,is biosynthesized in the periderm of Salvia miltiorrhiza ***,we discovered that tanshinone can be transported out of peridermal cells and secreted into the soil environment and that the ABC transporter SmABCG1 is involved in the efflux of tanshinoneⅡA and tanshinoneⅠ.The SmABCG1 gene is adjacent to the diterpene biosynthesis gene cluster in the *** *** temporal–spatial expression pattern of SmABCG1 is consistent with tanshinone accumulation ***1 is located on the plasma membrane and preferentially accumulates in the peridermal cells of *** *** expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes demonstrated that SmABCG1 can export tanshinoneⅡA and tanshinoneⅠ.CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of SmABCG1 in *** hairy roots resulted in a significant decrease in tanshinone contents in both hairy roots and the culture medium,whereas overexpression of this gene resulted in increased tanshinone ***76AH3 transcript levels increased in hairy roots overexpressing SmABCG1 and decreased in knockout lines,suggesting that SmABCG1 may affect the expression of CYP76AH3,indirectly regulating tanshinone ***,tanshinoneⅡA showed cytotoxicity to Arabidopsis *** findings offer new perspectives on plant diterpenoid transport and provide a new genetic tool for metabolic engineering and synthetic biology research.

关键词： ATP-binding cassette transporter biosynthesis gene cluster cytotoxicity export peridermic cells tanshinone

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Study on the Radiation Synthesis Mechanism and the Electrochemical Property of Polyaniline

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2025年第2期43卷 328-340页

作者： Shuo Yan Zi-Fang Guo Zhi-Qing Ge Bao-ying Zhang Ya-Ru Zhang Yi-Shao li Mo-Zhen Wang Xue-Wu Ge State Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

As a highly promising conductive polymer material,the synthesis method,structure regulation,and performance improvement of polyaniline(PANI)are hot research *** this work,the radiation-induced polymerization of aniline in HNO_(3)solution was successfully achieved at room temperature without the use of chemical *** the analysis of the radiation chemical reactions of inorganic acids and nitrate salt solutions,the characterization of the intermediate free radicals in the irradiated systems,and the influence of the pH of the solutions on the polymerization activity and product morphologies,the radiation-induced polymerization mechanism of aniline is discussed in detail and *** at a condition of[HNO_(3)]>[aniline],i.e.,pHline cations to aniline cation radicals by·NO_(3)generated by radiolysis reactions,and undergoes repeated three steps of monomer free radical recombination,deprotonation,and oxidation reaction of·NO_(3),thus forming a PANI *** addition to the polymerization reaction,the aniline units are protonated and oxidized because of the strongly acidity and oxidation of the reaction system under γ-ray irradiation,which means that the molecular chain structure of the radiation-synthesized PANI can be regulated by pH,nitrate concentration,and irradiation ***-synthesized PANI has a moderate protonation and oxidation state,which can be used for the preparation of PANI supercapacitors with better electrochemical properties than those prepared by chemical oxidation under the same *** work presents a new radiation-synthesis method and polymerization mechanism of PANI,which not only expands the application of radiation technique in the field of polymer synthesis,but also provides a new idea for the structural regulation and electrochemical property optimization of PANI.

关键词： Aniline Radiation-induced polymerization Polyaniline Electrochemical property

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Irreversible electroporation combined with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 therapy promotes tumor antigen-specific CD8+T cell response

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第3期17卷 237-245页

作者： Yang-Yang Ma Xiao-Hua Wang Jian-ying Zeng Ji-Bing Chen li-Zhi Niu Guangzhou Fuda Cancer Hospital Guangzhou 510665Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Oncology Guangzhou Fuda Cancer HospitalGuangzhou 510665Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Irreversible electroporation(IRE)is a novel local tumor ablation approach with the potential to activate the host’s immune ***,this approach is insufficient to prevent cancer progression,and complementary approaches are required for effective *** To assess the immunomodulatory effects and mechanism of IRE combined antiprogrammed cell death protein 1(PD-1)treatment in subcutaneous pancreatic cancer *** C57BL-6 tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into four groups:Control group;IRE group;anti-PD-1 group;and IRE+anti-PD-1 ***-infiltrating T,B,and natural killer cell levels and plasma concentrations of T helper type 1 cytokines(interleukin-2,interferon-γ,and tumor necrosis factor-α)were ***-time PCR was used to determine the expression of CD8(marker of CD8+T cells)in tumor tissues of the mice of all groups at different points of *** growth curves of tumors were *** The results demonstrated that the IRE+anti-PD-1 group exhibited significantly higher percentages of T lymphocyte infiltration,including CD4+and CD8+T cells compared with the control ***,the IRE+anti-PD-1 group showed increased infiltration of natural killer and B cells,elevated cytokine levels,and higher CD8 mRNA *** volume was significantly reduced in the IRE+anti-PD-1 group,indicating a more pronounced therapeutic *** The combination of IRE and anti-PD-1 therapy promotes CD8+T cell immunity responses,leading to a more effective reduction in tumor volume and improved therapeutic outcomes,which provides a new direction for ablation and immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Irreversible electroporation Pancreatic cancer Programmed cell death protein 1 blockade CD8+T cell Anticancer immunity

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Masquelet technique using an allogeneic cortical bone graft for a large bone defect:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第5期13卷 36-43页

作者： Hai-Yang zong Yu liu Xing Yin Wei Zhou Nan li Department of Orthopedics The People’s Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 920th HospitalKunming 650032Yunnan ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics 96603 Military Hospital of PLAHuaihua 418000Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The induced-membrane technique was initially described by Masquelet as an effective treatment for large bone defects,especially those caused by ***,we report a case of chronic osteomyelitis of the radius associated with a 9 cm bone defect,which was filled with a large allogeneic cortical bone graft from a bone *** bony union was achieved after 14 months of *** studies have used autogenous bone as the primary bone source for the Masquelet technique;in our case,the exclusive use of allografts is as successful as the use of autologous bone *** the advent of bone banks,it is possible to obtain an unlimited amount of allograft,and the Masquelet technique may be further improved based on this new way of bone *** SUMMARY In this study,we reported a case of repair of a long bone defect in a 40-year-old male patient,which was characterized by the utilization of allograft cortical bone combined with the Masquelet technique for the treatment of the patient's long bone defect in the *** patient's results of functional recovery of the forearm were surprising,which further deepens the scope of application of Masquelet technique and helps to strengthen the efficacy of Masquelet technique in the treatment of long bones *** Allograft cortical bone combined with the Masquelet technique provides a new method of treatment to large bone defect.

关键词： Osteomyelitis Bone defect Allogeneic cortical bone Masquelet technique Membrane induction technique Case report

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Fine mapping and identification of CaTTG1,a candidate gene that regulates the hypocotyl anthocyanin accumulation in Capsicum annuum

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2025年第1期11卷 264-274页

作者： Jin Wang Yao Dai Luzhao Pan ying Chen li Dai Yanqing Ma Xiaoxun Zhou Wu Miao Muhammad Rizwan Hamid Xuexiao Zou Feng liu Cheng Xiong Engineering Research Center for Germplasm Innovation and New Varieties Breeding of Horticultural Crops Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan ProvinceCollege of HorticultureHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaHunan 410000China Hunan Xiangyan Seed Industry Co. LTDChangshaHunan 410000China

Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)is a typical self-pollinating crop with obvious heterosis in ***,the use of morphological markers during the pepper seedling stage is crucial for pepper *** color of hypocotyl is widely used as a phenotypic marker in crossing studies of *** accessions generally have purple hypocotyls,which are mainly due to the anthocyanin accumulation in seedlings,and green hypocotyls are rarely observed in *** we reported the characterization of a green hypocotyl mutant of pepper,Cha1,which was identified from a pepper ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)mutant *** mapping revealed that the causal gene,CaTTG1,belonging to the WD40 repeat family,controlled the green hypocotyl phenotype of the ***-induced gene silencing(VIGS)confirmed that CaTTG1 regulated anthocyanin ***-seq data showed that expression of structural genes CaDFR,CaANS,and CaUF3GT in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway was significantly decreased in Cha1 compared to the wild *** two-hybrid(Y2H)experiments also confirmed that CaTTG1 activated the synthesis of anthocyanin structural genes by forming a MBW complex with CaAN1 and *** summary,this study provided a green hypocotyl mutant of pepper,and the Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR(KASP)marker developed based on the mutation site of the underlying gene would be helpful for pepper breeding.

关键词： Pepper CaTTG1 Anthocyanin Hypocotyl color Fine-mapping

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2014-2016年某中医医院现患率调查分析

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中华医院感染学杂志 2017年第4期27卷 823-826页

作者：蒙巍金宗英骆丽平喻娇刘翔西南医科大学附属中医医院感染管理办公室四川泸州646000 西南医科大学附属中医医院医务科四川泸州646000 西南医科大学附属中医医院普外科四川泸州646000

目的调查分析2014-2016年医院感染现患率的各种数据变化,以了解医院感染现状。方法采用高年资医师床旁一对一调查及病历查阅的方式对2014-2016年同月份的3个时间段在院患者进行医院感染现患率调查。结果 2014-2016年调查的现患率均低于... 详细信息

目的调查分析2014-2016年医院感染现患率的各种数据变化,以了解医院感染现状。方法采用高年资医师床旁一对一调查及病历查阅的方式对2014-2016年同月份的3个时间段在院患者进行医院感染现患率调查。结果 2014-2016年调查的现患率均低于国家规定限制范围,2014年、2015年、2016年分别为3.58%、3.15%、2.82%;调查统计医院各科室现患率,2014年ICU最高,急诊科其次;2015年ICU最高,VIP病房其次;2016年仍然ICU最高,其次为新生儿科;连续3年现患率调查发现,主要感染部位为下呼吸道感染,其次为切口、上呼吸道,胃肠道、口腔、皮肤软组织感染;根据3年病原学统计,金黄色葡萄球菌感染最多,其次为鲍氏不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、真菌等;抗菌药物使用率2014年、2015年、2016年分别为37.52%,39.47%,41.35%,均低于卫生部抗菌药物使用率50.00%的标准。结论临床上应加强感染管理的质量控制、手卫生、无菌操作等,还应针对高危人群,高发部位的目标性监测,制定应对措施,降低医院感染率。

关键词：医院感染现患率调查分析

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