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A new era of mutation rate analyses: Concepts and methods

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 767-780页

作者： Kun wu Danqi Qin Yang Qian Haoxuan liu Center for Evolutionary&Organismal Biology and the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310058China

The mutation rate is a pivotal biological characteristic,intricately governed by natural selection and historically garnering considerable *** advances in high-throughput sequencing and analytical methodologies have profoundly transformed our understanding in this domain,ushering in an unprecedented era of mutation rate *** paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the key concepts and methodologies frequently employed in the study of mutation *** examines various types of mutations,explores the evolutionary dynamics and associated theories,and synthesizes both classical and contemporary ***,this review comprehensively explores recent advances in understanding germline and somatic mutations in animals and offers an overview of experimental methodologies,mutational patterns,molecular mechanisms,and driving forces influencing variations in mutation rates across species and ***,it proposes several potential research directions and pressing questions for future investigations.

关键词： Mutation rate Somatic mutations Germline mutations Animal

Transmission restriction and genomic evolution co-shape the genetic diversity patterns of influenza A virus

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 525-536页

作者： Xiao Ding Jingze liu Taijiao Jiang Aiping wu State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases Suzhou Institute of Systems MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhou215123China Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control(Peking Union Medical College) Ministry of EducationBeijing100730China Guangzhou National Laboratory Guangzhou510006China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease The Key Laboratory of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510030China

Influenza A virus(IAV)shows an extensive host range and rapid genomic variations,leading to continuous emergence of novel viruses with significant antigenic variations and the potential for cross-species *** causes global pandemics and seasonal flu outbreaks,posing sustained threats ***,studying all IAVs'evolutionary patterns and underlying mechanisms is crucial for effective prevention and *** developed FluTyping to identify IAV genotypes,to explore overall genetic diversity patterns and their restriction *** groups isolates based on genetic distance and phylogenetic relationships using whole genomes,enabling identification of each isolate's *** distinct genetic diversity patterns were observed:one genotype domination pattern comprising only H1N1 and H3N2 seasonal influenza subtypes,multi-genotypes cocirculation pattern including majority avian influenza subtypes and swine influenza H1N2,and hybrid-circulation pattern involving H7N9 and three H5 subtypes of influenza ***,the IAVs in multi-genotypes cocirculation pattern showed region-specific dominant genotypes,implying the restriction of virus transmission is a key factor contributing to distinct genetic diversity patterns,and the genomic evolution underlying different patterns was more influenced by host-specific *** summary,a comprehensive picture of the evolutionary patterns of overall IAVs is provided by the FluTyping's identified genotypes,offering important theoretical foundations for future prevention and control of these viruses.

关键词： Influenza A virus Genetic diversity Transmission Genetic pattern Genotype

Topology Optimization of Metamaterial Microstructures for Negative Poisson’s Ratio under Large Deformation Using a Gradient-Free Method

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 2001-2026页

作者： Weida wu Yiqiang Wang Zhonghao Gao Pai liu State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Dalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China

Negative Poisson’s ratio(NPR)metamaterials are attractive for their unique mechanical behaviors and potential applications in deformation control and energy ***,when subjected to significant stretching,NPR metamaterials designed under small strain assumption may experience a rapid degradation in NPR *** address this issue,this study aims to design metamaterials maintaining a targeted NPR under large deformation by taking advantage of the geometry nonlinearity mechanism.A representative periodic unit cell is modeled considering geometry nonlinearity,and its topology is designed using a gradient-free *** unit cell microstructural topologies are described with the material-field series-expansion(MFSE)*** MFSE method assumes spatial correlation of the material distribution,which greatly reduces the number of required design *** conveniently design metamaterials with desired NPR under large deformation,we propose a two-stage gradient-free metamaterial topology optimization method,which fully takes advantage of the dimension reduction benefits of the MFSE method and the Kriging surrogate model ***,we use homogenization to find a preliminary NPR design under a small deformation *** the second stage,we begin with this preliminary design and minimize deviations in NPR from a targeted value under large *** this strategy and solution technique,we successfully obtain a group of NPR metamaterials that can sustain different desired NPRs in the range of[−0.8,−0.1]under uniaxial stretching up to 20% ***,typical microstructure designs are fabricated and tested through *** experimental results show good consistency with our numerical results,demonstrating the effectiveness of the present gradientfree NPR metamaterial design strategy.

关键词： Topology optimization microstructural design negative Poisson’s ratio large deformation

Epitaxial growth of borophene on graphene surface towards efficient and broadband photodetector

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3053-3060页

作者： Zenghui wu Chen Shifan Zitong wu Yi liu Wei Shao Xinchao Liang Chuang Hou Guoan Tai The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures and Laboratory of Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education College of Aerospace EngineeringNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

In-situ integration of multiple materials with well-defined interfaces as heterostructures is of great interest due to their unique properties and potential for new device *** of its polymorphism and diverse bonding geometries,borophene is a promising candidate for two-dimensional heterostructures,but suitable synthesis conditions have limited its potential *** this end,we demonstrate the vertical borophene and graphene heterostructures which form by epitaxial growth of borophene onto multilayer graphene on Cu substrates via chemical vapor deposition,where hydrogen and NaBH_(4) are respectively used as the carrier gas and the boron *** lattice structure of the as-synthesized borophene well coincides with the predictedα′-boron *** borophene-based photodetector shows an excellent broadband photoresponse from the ultraviolet(255 nm)to the infrared(940 nm)wavelengths,with enhanced responsivity compared to pristine borophene or graphene *** work informs emerging efforts to integrate borophene into nanoelectronic applications for both fundamental investigations and technological applications.

关键词： borophene graphene heterostructure photodetector two-dimensional materials

A Prediction-Based Multi-Objective VM Consolidation Approach for Cloud Data Centers

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1601-1631页

作者： Xialin liu Junsheng wu Lijun Chen Jiyuan Hu School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710005China School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an710021China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Analysis and Intelligent Processing Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an710021China School of Software and Microelectronics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710005China School of Automation Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an710021China

Virtual machine(VM)consolidation aims to run VMs on the least number of physical machines(PMs).The optimal consolidation significantly reduces energy consumption(EC),quality of service(QoS)in applications,and resource *** paper proposes a prediction-basedmulti-objective VMconsolidation approach to search for the best mapping between VMs and PMs with good timeliness and practical *** use a hybrid model based on Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average(ARIMA)and Support Vector Regression(SVR)(HPAS)as a prediction model and consolidate VMs to PMs based on prediction results by HPAS,aiming at minimizing the total EC,performance degradation(PD),migration cost(MC)and resource wastage(RW)*** results usingMicrosoft Azure trace show the proposed approach has better prediction accuracy and overcomes the multi-objective consolidation approach without prediction(i.e.,Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm 2,Nsga2)and the renowned Overload Host Detection(OHD)approaches without prediction,such as Linear Regression(LR),Median Absolute Deviation(MAD)and Inter-Quartile Range(IQR).

关键词： VM consolidation prediction multi-objective optimization machine learning

Jiangsen Mao:a pioneer in Chinese hepatitis A vaccine and interferon research,a virologist at the forefront of times

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Protein & Cell 2024年第1期15卷 1-5页

作者： Huan liu Kunlan Zuo zongzhen wu Hao Cheng University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan 430072China Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

There is a renowned virologist who dedicated his life to virology and medicine *** has made important contributions to the study of Chinese polio and hepatitis A vaccines,interferons,and the theory of viral reverse *** invented a live attenuated vaccine for hepatitis A(H2 strain)in the late 1970s,which contributed to the prevention of hepatitis A epidemics in China and earned him the title"Hepatitis A Eradicator"He said.

关键词： prevention hepatitis vaccine

Cyber-physical Collaborative Restoration Strategy for Power Transmission System Considering Maintenance Scheduling

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 1331-1341页

作者： Baozhong Ti Chuanyun Zhang Jingfei liu Zhaoyuan wu Ziyang Huang North China Branch of State Grid Corporation of China Beijing 100053China State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company Beijing 100031China State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China IEEE CSEE

In order to improve the ability of power transmission system to cope with compound faults on the communication side and power side,a cyber-physical collaborative restoration strategy is ***,according to the information system’s role in fault diagnosis,remote control of equipment maintenance and automatic output adjustment of generator restoration,a cyber-physical coupling model is *** this basis,a collaborative restoration model of power transmission system is established by studying interactions among maintenance schedule paths,information system operation,and power system *** on power flow linearization and the large M-ε method,the above model is transformed into a mixed integer linear programming model,whose computational burden is reduced further by the clustering *** to the parameters of IEEE39 New England system,the geographic wiring diagram of the cyber-physical system is *** results show the proposed restoration strategy can consider the support function of the information system and space-time coordination of equipment maintenance at both sides comprehensively to speed up load recovery progress.

关键词： Clustering method collaborative restoration cyber-physical power system maintenance scheduling power transmission system restoration

Analysis of the Flow Field and Impact Force in High-Pressure Water Descaling

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第1期20卷 165-177页

作者： Yue Cui Liyuan Wang Jian wu Haisheng liu Di wu Key Lab of Intelligent Equipment Digital Design and Process Simulation Hebei ProvinceTangshan UniversityTangshan063000China Department of Intelligent Manufacturing Tangshan Vocational College of Science and TechnologyTangshan063001China

This study aims to improve the performances of the high-pressure water descaling technology used in steel hot rolling *** particular,a 2050 mm hot rolling line is considered,and the problem is investigated by means of a fluid–structure interaction(FSI)method by which the descaling effect produced by rolling coils with different section sizes is *** a flat fan-shaped nozzle at the entrance of the R1R2 roughing mill,the outflow field characteristics and the velocity distribution curve on the strike line(at a target distance of 30–120 mm)are *** is found that the velocity in the center region of the water jet with different target distances is higher than that in the boundary *** the target distance increases,the velocity of the water jet in the central region *** comparison with experimental results,it is shown that the simulation model can accurately predict the impact position of the high-pressure water on the impact plate,thereby providing a computational scheme that can be used to optimize the nozzle space layout and improve the slabs’descent effect for different rolling specifications.

关键词： High pressure water descaling flow field analysis FSI target distance strike range

A High-Linear Radio Frequency Quadrature Modulator with Improved Sideband Suppression and Carrier Leakage Performance

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 635-643页

作者： Yingdan Jiang zongguang Yu Shutong wu Li Li Xuelian liu School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China The 58th Research Institute of China Electronic Technology Group Corporation Wuxi 214072China

The quadrature modulator is a crucial block in transmitters that upconverts baseband signals to theRadio Frequency(RF)band of interest using local oscillator *** this paper,non-ideal factors thatinfluence the performance of the quadrature modulator are considered,and solutions are accordingly taken inthe quadrature modulator design.A high-linear RF quadrature modulator with improved sideband suppressionand carrier leakage performance is presented in this *** quadrature modulator implemented in the0.18-μm SiGe process uses the current bleeding technique to improve the general performance of the doublebalanced active Gilbert *** on-chip prescaler followed by two cascaded limiting amplifiers is designed toprovide accurate quadrature local oscillator *** at quadrature baseband signal input ports areproposed to eliminate DC *** measured sideband suppression achieves a performance of better than−43 dBc and carrier leakage is less than−38 dBm over the output RF frequency range of 30 MHz to 2.15 *** output 1 dB compression point equals 11.4 dBm at 800 MHz.

关键词： Radio Frequency(RF) quadrature modulator sideband suppression carrier leakage linearity