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Synergistic promotion of particulate matter reduction and production performance via adjusting electrochemical reactions in the zinc electrolysis industry

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 23-33页

作者： zizhen ma Jingkun Jiang Lei Duan Jianguo Deng Fuyuan Xu Zehui Li Linhua Jiang Ning Duan School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of the EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Heavy particulate matter (PM) pollution and high energy consumption are the bottlenecks of hydrometallurgy, especially in the electrolysis process. Therefore, an urgent need is to explore PM reduction methods with production performance co-benefits. This study presents three PM reduction methods based on controlling operating parameters, i.e., lowering electrolyte temperature, H2SO4 concentration, and current density of the cathode. The optimized conditions were also investigated using the response surface methodology to balance the PM reduction effect and Zn production. The results showed that lowering electrolyte temperature is the most efficient, with an 89.0% reduction in the PM generation flux (GFPM). Reducing H2SO4 concentration led to the minimum side effects on the current efficiency of Zn deposition (CEZn) or power consumption (PC). With the premise of non-deteriorating CEZn and PC, GFPM can be reduced by 86.3% at the optimal condition (electrolyte temperature = 295 K, H2SO4 = 110 g/L, current density = 373 A/m^(2)). In addition, the reduction mechanism was elucidated by comprehensively analyzing bubble characteristics, electrochemical reactions, and surface tension. Results showed that lower electrolyte temperature inhibited the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and compressed gas volume. Lower H2SO4 concentration inhibited the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and reduced electrolyte surface tension. Lower current density inhibited both OER and HER by decreasing the reaction current. The inhibited gas evolutions reduced the microbubbles’ number and size, thereby reducing GFPM. These results may provide energy-efficient PM reduction methods and theoretical hints of exploring cleaner PM reduction approaches for industrial electrolysis.

关键词： Zinc electrolysis Particulate matter Energy consumption Operating parameters Bubble characteristic Electrochemical reaction

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High magnetic Property and Toxicity of Particulate matter Generated during Welding and Cutting Processes

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Environment & Health 2024年第6期2卷 381-389页

作者： Wei Cui zizhen ma Yuanzheng Chen Shuya Li Di Wu Xiu Chen Yuankai Shao Yuzhe Liu Qing Li Jianmin Chen Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China Shanghai Institute of Eco-Chongming(SIEC) Shanghai 200062China National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology China Automotive Technology&Research Center Co.LtdTianjin 300300China

magnetic particulate matter(PM)has raised increasing concern due to its abundant presence in ambient air and negative health ***,there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding of their emission sources and *** here report the observation of high magnetic property and toxicity of PM generated during typical welding and cutting ***,formed during high-temperature operation with less oxygen pressure,was revealed to be the major magnetic *** averaged saturation magnetization and magnetic susceptibility values of fine PM(PM_(2.5))from welding processes are 1.4−4.2 times greater than those of PM emitted from other unintended emission sources,including iron and steel plants and brake wear,while they are 2.0−5.7 times greater for the cutting ***,PM_(2.5)from welding and cutting processes are nearly 3.5−4.5 times more neurovirulent and 2.1−7.0 times more likely to induce oxidative stress than those from other magnetic sources in the nerve cells ***,all of these magnetic PM_(2.5)exhibit greater negative health effects than typical atmospheric PM_(2.5)collected in Shanghai urban *** new findings suggest that appropriate occupational protection measures should be implemented for the welding and cutting process to reduce adverse health impacts.

关键词： pollutant emission magnetic property particulate matters magnetite welding and cutting

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Silencing transformer and transformer-2 in Zeugodacus cucurbitae causes defective sex determination with inviability of most pseudomales

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 938-947页

作者： Qin ma zizhen Fan Ping Wang Siya ma Jian Wen Fengqin Cao Xianwu Lin Rihui Yan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests of Ministry of Education School of Plant ProtectionHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Life Sciences HainanUniversityHaikou 570228China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab Sanya 572000China

transformer is a switch gene for sex determination in many insects, which cooperates with transformer-2 that is expressed in both sexes to regulate female differentiation, particularly in dipterans. Zeugodacus cucurbitae(Coquillett) is a very destructive pest worldwide, however, its sex determination pathway remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we show that the female sex ratio is sharply reduced with knockdown of either transformer or transformer-2 by RNA interference in early embryos of Z. cucurbitae. Most of the males grown from the embryos with transient transformer and transformer-2 suppression mated with wild-type females and produced mixed sex progeny, with one exception that produced only female progeny, and all of the few remaining males failed to mate with wild-type females and produced no progeny. The exceptional male and those males with mating failure were XX pseudomales as determined by the detection of Y chromosome-linked maleness-on-the-Y, indicating that most XX pseudomales are not viable. The phenotypes of transformer and transformer-2 suggest that they play a key role in regulating sex determination and are required for female sexual development of Z. cucurbitae. Our results will be beneficial to the understanding of sex determination in Z. cucurbitae and can facilitate the development of genetic sexing strains for its biological control.

关键词： Zeugodacus cucurbitae transformer transformer-2 sex determination RNA interference biological control

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燃煤电厂细颗粒物排放粒径分布特征

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环境科学研究 2017年第8期30卷 1174-1183页

作者：武亚凤陈建华蒋靖坤邓建国马子珍钟连红中国环境科学研究院环境标准研究所北京100012 清华大学环境学院北京100084 北京市环境保护科学研究院北京100037

目前细颗粒物区域污染已成为普遍现象,控制燃煤电厂细颗粒物的排放是控制大气中细颗粒物的重要途径之一,而了解燃煤电厂细颗粒物的排放粒径分布及其形成的可能原因和影响因素显得尤为重要.针对浙江某电厂660 MW燃煤机组,在120、100、90... 详细信息

目前细颗粒物区域污染已成为普遍现象,控制燃煤电厂细颗粒物的排放是控制大气中细颗粒物的重要途径之一,而了解燃煤电厂细颗粒物的排放粒径分布及其形成的可能原因和影响因素显得尤为重要.针对浙江某电厂660 MW燃煤机组,在120、100、90和85℃四种不同运行工况下,采用Dekati ELPI+对电除尘器入口和出口以及烟囱60 m横断面处烟尘进行多平台同步采样测试,以研究该电厂所排放细颗粒物的粒径分布特征、不同工况下细颗粒物的排放浓度及其变化规律.结果表明:(1)不同工况下,电除尘器出口和烟囱60 m横断面处颗粒物数浓度都主要集中在亚微米态(粒径<1μm),并随粒径增大而数浓度快速减小.(2)随着烟冷器出口烟气温度的降低,烟气经过除尘装置后,无论是颗粒数浓度还是质量浓度均有一定程度的下降,但当烟气温度降至90℃时,继续降温对电除尘器除尘效果的影响基本趋于恒定.(3)无论燃用设计煤还是校验煤,当烟冷器出口烟气温度相对较低时,经脱硫后积聚模态颗粒物质量浓度较除尘后有明显增加;而烟气温度较高时,呈现出脱硫后较除尘后粗模态颗粒物质量浓度增长的现象.(4)当原烟气稀释倍数从7倍增至10倍时,6~27 nm粒径段颗粒物数浓度呈指数倍增长,说明稀释过程主要影响纳米级颗粒物的数浓度.(5)燃用设计煤,烟冷器出口烟气温度90℃时,电除尘器对PM_1的去除效果最明显为63.9%~99.8%,可见降低电除尘器入口运行烟温,可促进其对亚微米态颗粒物的捕集率.

关键词：细颗粒物(PM2.5) 粒径分布稀释比烟冷器

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噬菌体在水生动物病害防治中的应用问题和解决策略

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水产科学 2020年第6期39卷 964-971页

作者：吕可赵前程刘婧懿马子祯徐永平马永生大连海洋大学食品科学与工程学院辽宁大连116023 大连理工大学生物工程学院辽宁大连116024

水产品为人类提供了17%的动物蛋白摄入,其中约50%来自水产养殖业。2014年世界水产品养殖产量为7.380×107 t,水产养殖业对人类水产品消费的贡献首次超过野生水产品捕捞[1]。我国是世界第一水产养殖大国,2018年全国水产养殖量为4.991×10... 详细信息

水产品为人类提供了17%的动物蛋白摄入,其中约50%来自水产养殖业。2014年世界水产品养殖产量为7.380×107 t,水产养殖业对人类水产品消费的贡献首次超过野生水产品捕捞[1]。我国是世界第一水产养殖大国,2018年全国水产养殖量为4.991×107 t,水产养殖量占世界总量的60%以上[2]。然而,集约化养殖模式不可避免带来养殖环境污染和水产动物病害频发的问题。全国每年因病害造成的水产养殖经济损失约为150亿元,并以细菌性疾病为主,约占全部病害经济损失的50%以上[3]。

关键词：噬菌体水产养殖细菌性疾病抗生素替代品

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豆渣蛋白肽的酶解工艺、抗氧化作用及其特性研究

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中国粮油学报 2014年第4期29卷 46-52,67页

作者：高义霞周向军魏苇娟马子真孙龙龙天水师范学院生命科学与化学学院天水741001

以豆渣蛋白为原料、对DPPH·清除率为考察指标,从胰蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶中筛出中性蛋白酶为最佳水解酶;利用单因素和正交试验探讨豆渣蛋白肽的最佳制备工艺;以抗坏血酸（VC）为对照,研究豆渣蛋白肽的总还原力、... 详细信息

以豆渣蛋白为原料、对DPPH·清除率为考察指标,从胰蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶中筛出中性蛋白酶为最佳水解酶;利用单因素和正交试验探讨豆渣蛋白肽的最佳制备工艺;以抗坏血酸（VC）为对照,研究豆渣蛋白肽的总还原力、对·OH、O2-的清除作用及对脂质过氧化的抑制作用;研究豆渣蛋白肽的部分特性.结果表明,豆渣蛋白肽的最佳制备工艺为：pH 7,温度70℃,豆渣蛋白浓度4 mg/mL及酶量100 ***和豆渣蛋白肽对·OH的半数抑制浓度（IC50）分别为0.274和0.046 mg/mL;对O2-的IC50分别为0.026和0.084 mg/mL;VC和豆渣蛋白肽的总还原力与其浓度呈剂量依赖关系,且对脂质过氧化有一定抑制能力.豆渣蛋白肽等电点约为3.0,在pH 3～12范围内,其提取率逐渐增加.

关键词：豆渣酶解抗氧化特性

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Landsat8全色与多光谱数据融合算法对比研究

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陕西水利 2021年第5期 1-3页

作者：马梓臻杜崇王笑峰黑龙江大学水利电力学院黑龙江哈尔滨150080

当下遥感卫星的发展趋势越来越好,遥感数据也愈加丰富,但对于遥感信息的利用率却不是很高,所以对遥感影像进行图像融合有利于提高目标地物的提取精度。本文选用Landsat8OLI遥感影像,将多光谱影像与全色影像融合。首先分别对其进行预处理... 详细信息

当下遥感卫星的发展趋势越来越好,遥感数据也愈加丰富,但对于遥感信息的利用率却不是很高,所以对遥感影像进行图像融合有利于提高目标地物的提取精度。本文选用Landsat8OLI遥感影像,将多光谱影像与全色影像融合。首先分别对其进行预处理,然后使用4种不同的融合算法对其进行融合,最后从定性和定量两方面来对融合结果进行评价。最终得到结论,NDD融合算法融合后的影响效果最好,清晰度较其他三种高,地物划分明确,纹理清晰。

关键词：遥感影像融合算法融合指标定性评价定量评价

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Destratification and oxygenation efficiency of a water-lifting aerator system in a deep reservoir:Implications for optimal operation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第11期30卷 9-19页

作者： Yang Li Tinglin Huang Xinlin Tan zizhen Zhou Weixing ma Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource Environment and EcologyMOEXi'an University of Architecture and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology

Thermal stratification is a common phenomenon in lakes and reservoirs and has a significant influence on water quality dynamics. Heihe Reservoir is a canyon-shaped reservoir in Shaanxi Province with strong thermal stratification. Therefore, eight water-lifting aerators （WLAs） were installed in this reservoir, which could overcome thermal stratification and increase oxygenation with gas flows between 20 and 50 m3/hr, and oxygenate the hypolimnion with gas flows less than 20 m3/hr. To examine the destratification efficiency of the WLA system, we used a three- dimensional hydrodynamic module based on MIKE 3 to simulate the thermal structure of Heihe Reservoir and compared the simulations with measured data. Results showed that operation of the WLA system promoted water mixing and effectively oxygenated the hypolimnion. Through the established energy utilization assessment method, the energy utilization efficiency of the WLA system was between 5.36% and 7.30%, indicating the capability of the technique for destratification in such a large reservoir. When the surface water temperature dropped to the theoretical mixed water temperature calculated by the energy utilization assessment method, reducing gas flow could save energy. This would prevent anaerobic conditions from occurring in the bottom water and maintain good water quality in Heihe Reservoir.

关键词： Reservoir Thermal stratification Numerical simulation Water-lifting aerator Mixing Oxygenation

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干旱胁迫对植物源挥发性有机物排放影响的研究进展

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环境科学与技术 2021年第11期44卷 63-71页

作者：韩枝燏张宜升马子轸顾达萨刘晓环王新雨刘子杨杜金花青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院山东青岛266520 粤港澳环境质量协同创新联合实验室广东广州511443 香港科技大学环境与可持续发展学部中国香港999077 中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室山东青岛266100

随着干旱频率和强度的增加,干旱胁迫对植物源挥发性有机物(BVOCs)的影响受到更多关注。文章综述了干旱胁迫对BVOCs排放影响方面取得的研究进展,探究了干旱胁迫对BVOCs排放的影响。根据近期国内外相关文献,将干旱程度进行划分,研究干旱... 详细信息

随着干旱频率和强度的增加,干旱胁迫对植物源挥发性有机物(BVOCs)的影响受到更多关注。文章综述了干旱胁迫对BVOCs排放影响方面取得的研究进展,探究了干旱胁迫对BVOCs排放的影响。根据近期国内外相关文献,将干旱程度进行划分,研究干旱、复水后对BVOCs排放速率、排放量的影响,探讨复合其他环境因子对BVOCs排放的影响,并探究干旱胁迫对BVOCs排放影响的机理。轻度干旱刺激BVOCs增加排放35%~190%,中度干旱抑制排放8%~97%,重度干旱抑制排放40%~100%。随着干旱程度的加深,BVOCs的排放先增加后减少。对复水的研究总结发现,轻度、中度干旱条件下,异戊二烯和单萜烯的排放速率恢复;重度干旱条件下,异戊二烯快速恢复,单萜烯未恢复。干旱导致BVOCs排放量的估算误差为-70%~40%。净光合速率和气孔导度对水分亏损的敏感度高于BVOCs。BVOCs的释放是植物应对干旱胁迫的保护机制。综述结果可以更好地评估BVOCs排放对当前及未来干旱胁迫情景下的响应,为大气复合污染防控提供支撑。

关键词：干旱胁迫植物源挥发性有机物异戊二烯单萜烯干旱程度

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Sediment pollution characteristics and in situ control in a deep drinking water reservoir

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第2期29卷 223-231页

作者： zizhen Zhou Tinglin Huang Yang Li Weixing ma Shilei Zhou Shenghai Long Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource Environment and EcologyMOEXi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China

Sediment pollution characteristics, in situ sediment release potential, and in situ inhibition of sediment release were investigated in a drinking water reservoir. Results showed that organic carbon（OC）, total nitrogen（TN）, and total phosphorus（TP） in sediments increased from the reservoir mouth to the main reservoir. Fraction analysis indicated that nitrogen in ion exchangeable form and Na OH-extractable P（Fe/Al-P） accounted for 43% and 26% of TN and TP in sediments of the main reservoir. The Risk Assessment Code for metal elements showed that Fe and Mn posed high to very high risk. The results of the in situ reactor experiment in the main reservoir showed the same trends as those observed in the natural state of the reservoir in 2011 and 2012; the maximum concentrations of total OC, TN, TP, Fe,and Mn reached 4.42 mg/L, 3.33 mg/L, 0.22 mg/L, 2.56 mg/L, and 0.61 mg/L, respectively. An in situ sediment release inhibition technology, the water-lifting aerator, was utilized in the reservoir. The results of operating the water-lifting aerator indicated that sediment release was successfully inhibited and that OC, TN, TP, Fe, and Mn in surface sediment could be reduced by 13.25%, 15.23%, 14.10%, 5.32%, and 3.94%, respectively.

关键词： Sediment pollution In situ reactor Water-lifting aerator Sediment release inhibition

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