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Organelle pH in the Arabidopsis Endomembrane System

Molecular Plant 2013年第5期6卷 1419-1437页

作者： Jinbo Shen Yonglun Zeng Xiaohong zhuang Lei sun Xiaoqiang Yao Peter Pimpl Liwen Jiang School of Life Sciences Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong China School of Biomedical Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong China Developmental Genetics Centre for Plant Molecular Biology University of Tubingen D-72076 Tubingen Germany CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of I-long Kong Shenzhen 518057 China

The pH of intracellular compartments is essential for the viability of cells. Despite its relevance, little is known about the pH of these compartments. To measure pH in vivo, we have first generated two pH sensors by combining the improved-solubility feature of solubility-modified green fluorescent protein （GFP）（smGFP） with the pH-sensing capabil- ity of the pHluorins and codon optimized for expression in Arabidopsis. PEpHluorin （plant-solubility-modified ecliptic pHluorin） gradually loses fluorescence as pH is lowered with fluorescence vanishing at pH 6.2 and PRpHluorin （plant- solubility-modified ratiomatric pHluorin）, a dual-excitation sensor, allowing for precise measurements. Compartment- specific sensors were generated by further fusing specific sorting signals to PEpHluorin and PRpHluorin. Our results show that the pH of cytosol and nucleus is similar （pH 7.3 and 7.2）, while peroxisomes, mitochondrial matrix, and plastidial stroma have alkaline pH. Compartments of the secretory pathway reveal a gradual acidification, spanning from pH 7.1 in the endoplasmic reticulum （ER） to pH 5.2 in the vacuole. Surprisingly, pH in the trans-Golgi network （TGN） and mul- tivesicular body （MVB） is, with pH 6.3 and 6.2, quite similar. The inhibition of vacuolar-type H＋-ATPase （V-ATPase） with concanamycin A （ConcA） caused drastic increase in pH in TGN and vacuole. Overall, the PEpHluorin and PRpHluorin are excellent pH sensors for visualization and quantification of pH in vivo, respectively.

关键词： Arabidopsis Golgi endomembrane system ER MVB nucleus pH TGN vacuole.

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Near-infrared light-activated cancer cell targeting and drug delivery with aptamer-modified nanostructures

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Nano Research 2016年第1期9卷 139-148页

作者： Yu Yang Jingjing Liu Xiaoqi sun Liangzhu Feng Wenwen Zhu zhuang Liu Meiwan Chen State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macao Avenida da Universidade Taipa Macao China Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM) Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China

Stimuli-activated targeted delivery systems for highly accurate treatment of tumors have received considerable attention in recent years. Herein, we reveal a light-activable cancer-targeting strategy that uses a complementary DNA sequence to hybridize and mask sgc8 aptamers conjugated onto photothermal agents such as gold nanorods or single-walled carbon nanotubes （SWNTs）. Upon exposure to near-infrared （NIR） laser, localized photothermal heating of the surface of those nano-agents results in dehybridization of the double-stranded DNA and uncaging of the aptamer sequence to allow specific cancer-cell targeting. Utilizing doxorubicin-loaded SWNTs as a model system, targeted drug delivery to cancer cells activated by NIR light was achieved. This work demonstrates the concept of NIR-activable tumor-targeting delivery systems with controllable cancer-cell binding to potentially enable highly specific and efficient cancer therapy.

关键词： near-infrared(NIR)-activable drug delivery aptamer gold nanorods single-walled carbonnanotubes

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Electrical properties of garnet-like lithium ionic conductors Li5＋xSrxLa3-xBi2O12 fabricated by spark plasma sintering method

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2012年第3期6卷 216-224页

作者： Yun-Xia GAO Xian-Ping WANG Qin-Xing sun Zhong zhuang Qian-Feng FANG Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

A typical approach involving Pechini method and spark plasma sintering （SPS） method was presented for the preparation of high density Li5＋xSrxLa3_xBi2012 （x = 0, 1） ceramics. Phase formation, microstructure, grain size and electrical properties of the specimens were examined using XRD, SEM and alternating current impedance spectro- scopy （ACIS）. Dense LisLa3Bi2012 and LisSrLa2Bi2012 ceramics with pure garnet-like phase, relative density of 97% and average grain size of about 5 pm were fabricated using this approach. The total conductivities at 298 K of Li5La3Bi2012 and LisSrLa2Bi2O12 ceramics prepared by the SPS method are 5.1 Qian-Feng FANG105 and 6.810SS/cm, respectively, 2 times higher than that of samples prepared by the conventional sintering method.

关键词： lithium ionic conductor Lis.xSrxLa3_xBi2012 Pechini method spark plasmasintering (SPS) ionic conductivity

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Quantum vector DC magnetometry via selective phase accumulation

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 12-22页

作者： Min zhuang Sijie Chen Jiahao Huang Chaohong Lee Institute of Quantum Precision Measurement State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous IntegrationCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(Guangdong) Shenzhen 518045China Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Metrology School of Physics and AstronomySun Yat-sen University(Zhuhai Campus)Zhuhai 519082China

Precision measurement of magnetic fields is a crucial issue in both fundamental scientific research and practical sensing *** sensitive detection of a vector magnetic field poses a significant challenge in quantum magnetometry,particularly in estimating a vector DC magnetic field with high ***,we propose a comprehensive protocol for quantum vector DC magnetometry,utilizing selective phase accumulation in both non-entangled and entangled quantum *** upon the principles of Ramsey interferometry,our protocol enables the selective accumulation of phase for a specific magnetic field component by incorporating a meticulously designed pulse *** the individual measurement scheme,we employ three individual quantum interferometries to independently estimate each of the three magnetic field ***,in the simultaneous measurement scheme,the application of a pulse sequence along different directions enables the simultaneous estimation of all three magnetic field components using only one quantum ***,by employing an entangled state(such as the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state)as the input state,the measurement precisions of all three components may reach the Heisenberg *** study not only establishes a general protocol for measuring vector magnetic fields using quantum probes,but also presents a viable pathway for achieving entanglement-enhanced multi-parameter estimation.

关键词： magnetometry quantum interferometry entanglement-enhanced quantum metrology

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Relationships Between Yield, Quality and Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization of Organically Grown Rice Varieties

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Pedosphere 2016年第1期26卷 85-97页

作者： HUANG Lifen YU Jun YANG Jie ZHANG Rong BAI Yanchao sun Chengming zhuang Hengyang Jiangsu Key laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Yangzhou University Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University College of Agronomy Yangzhou University College of Environmental Science and Engineering Yangzhou University

Due to the relatively late start of organic rice(Oryza sativa L.) research in China,there is a still lack of systematic research on rice varieties,organic fertilizer management practices,and especially the mechanisms of nitrogen(N) uptake and *** rice varieties,Nanjing 5055,Nanjing 9108,and Nanjing 46,were grown under organic farming(OF) at three organic fertilizer levels(103.2,160.8,and 218.4 kg N ha^(-1)) and conventional farming(CF) with regular chemical *** grain yields,yield components,and quality,dry matter accumulation,and plant N were measured at different growth stages during the 2012 and 2013 growing *** with CF,OF had a significantly reduced *** 9108 showed significant reductions in number of panicles per unit area and percentage of filled grains,and had the lowest *** effects of fertilizer type and application rate on dry matter accumulation during the main growth periods were significant for all *** N content and uptake in organically grown rice were lower compared with those of rice under *** N recovery efficiency and N agronomic efficiency were significantly lower,whereas N physiological efficiency and N partial factor productivity were greater under OF than under *** OF,the processing quality showed a slight but insignificant decline,protein content and gel consistency increased,and amylose content decreased compared with those under *** analysis showed that under OF,grain yield was significantly correlated with N *** medium organic fertilizer level(160.8 kg N ha^(-1)) was found to be the optimum fertilizer treatment,and Nanjing 46 appeared to be the best variety for organic rice *** increase rice grain yields and reduce the potential risk of non-point source pollution in organic agriculture,further research is needed to improve the N use efficiency in organic rice cultivation.

关键词： conventional farming grain quality grain yield N use efficiency organic farming organic fertilizer

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Characteristics of gully bed scour and siltation between check dams

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第1期20卷 49-64页

作者： LYU Xiao-bo YOU Yong WANG zhuang LIU Jin-feng sun Hao ZHAO Wan-yu Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Check dams are the most commonly used engineering measure for debris flow control *** scour and siltation characteristics between dams are important factors affecting dam *** this study,classical dimensional analysis of the variables that influence the development of gully bed scour and siltation was carried *** experiments were conducted to examine the influence characteristics of opening width,flume slope,debris flow density,and opening rate on the characteristics of gully bed scour and *** influential characteristics of variables on the dimensionless scour depth,scour length,siltation length,scour volume and siltation volume were *** experiments showed that,with an increase in the relative opening from 1.5 to 2.5,scour depth increased by 7.4%,scour length decreased by 11.2%,siltation length increased by 22.0%,scour volume decreased by 4.7%and siltation volume increased by 22.0%.With an increase in flume gradient from 0.105 to 0.213,scour depth,siltation length and siltation volume increased by 40.0%,65.9%and 65.9%,respectively,and scour length decreased by 20.1%.With an increase in sediment concentration from 0.303 to 0.545,siltation length and siltation volume increased by 15.4%and 15.4%,respectively,and scour depth,scour length and scour volume decreased by 9.6%,9.1%and 17.8%,*** opening rate increased from 0.08 to 0.32,siltation length and siltation volume increased by 33.3%and 33.3%,respectively,and scour depth,scour length and scour volume decreased by 5.4%,13.7%and 18.4%,*** results showed that the flume gradient was the most influential factor on scour depth,scour length,siltation length and siltation volume,and the sediment concentration was the most influential factor on scour ***,according to the experimental data,some empirical formulas predicting scour depth,scour length,siltation length,scour volume and siltation volume were *** error between the computed values accord

关键词： Debris flow Gully bed scour Gully bed siltation Window dam

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Discussion on the Mechanism of Boric Acid and Phosphoric Acid to Improve the Hardening of Complex Calcium Lubricating Grease

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2019年第4期21卷 112-118页

作者： Zheng Hui sun Hongwei He Yifeng Su Shuo zhuang Minyang Liu Xinyang SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing

In order to solve the hardening problem of complex calcium lubricating grease, the water absorption test of several calcium salts was carried out, and it was found that calcium 12-hydroxystearate did not absorb water, and calcium acetate, calcium phosphate and calcium borate had different degrees of water absorption. Calcium acetate has the highest water absorption rate, while calcium phosphate and calcium borate show comparable water absorption rates. Upon using the molecular simulation technology, it is found that in the complex calcium grease system, calcium phosphate and calcium borate tend to combine with water, which inhibits the water absorption of calcium acetate and alleviate the hardening problem.

关键词： lubricating grease complex calcium hardening

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Shape retrieval by using multi-scale anglebased representation and dynamic label propagation

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2020年第4期2卷 197-204页

作者： Yanxia Yu Danchen Zheng Liang Zhao Chuang sun Xiang Li Yan zhuang CRRC Dalian Locomotive&Rolling Stock Co. Ltd51 Zhongchang StreetShahekou DistrictDalianLiaoningPeople's Republic of China Faculty of Electronic Information Electrical Engineering Dalian University of Technology2 Linggong LuGanjinzi DistrictDalianPeople's Republic of China

To improve the robustness and discrimination power of the triangle-area representation,a novel shape matching method based on multi-scale angle representation is proposed in this *** analysing the configurations of different sample points from each shape contour,shape descriptors are constructed by using space angles at different scale *** the proposed shape representation,the multi-scale information of shape contours is efficiently described,and the dynamic programming is further used to determine the correspondence between samples from different shapes and calculate the shape distance in the feature matching ***,to improve the shape retrieval results based on pairwise shape distances,the dynamic label propagation is introduced as the post-processing *** previous distance learning methods learning the database manifold implicitly,the authors method retrieves relative objects on the shortest paths from near to far explicitly,and the underlying structure can be effectively *** proposed method tested on different shape databases provides the performances superior to many other methods,and it can be applied to visual data processing and understanding of the internet of things.

关键词： representation dynamic matching

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Geomagnetic polarity transitions recorded in the Miocene lavas of the Wuyu basin,Tibet

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第4期54卷 561-570页

作者： TONG YaBo YANG ZhenYu PAN YongXin ZHENG LianDi sun ZhiMing PEI JunLing zhuang ZhongHai Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Key Laboratory of Earth's Deep Interior Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Chengdu Center of China Geological Survey Chengdu 610081 China

Geomagnetic polarity transitions were the most important phenomena in the study of the geomagnetic field evolution and the earth＇s deep interior dynamics. The Miocene postcollisional ultrapotassic-potassic rocks are widely distributed in the Lhasa Block of southern Tibet. Paleomagnetic studies on the Wuyu Formation indicated that these volcanic rocks recorded the *** and C5ACr-C5ACn geomagnetic polarity transitions. The virtual geomagnetic poles （VGPs） of these two polarity transitions were located in the Atlantic and the central Pacific, respectively. Due to data scarcity, it remains unclear whether VGP paths of Miocene geomagnetic polarity transitions were longitudinal preference and/or 90° away from the sampiing sites.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Miocene volcanics paleomagnetic geomagnetic polarity transition

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Small particle detection method based on laser feedback

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2008年第Z2期1卷 241-246页

作者： Guoqiang sun Jihong ZHENG Gang ZHENG Songlin zhuang College of Optics and Electron Information Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology

In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional particle measurement, a new method for the detection of small and single particles through laser feedback phenomenon is presented. This method is based on the laser feedback caused by radiation scattered back from a moving particle in the external cavity of the *** parameters of the single particle, such as the diameter,velocity, and quantity, can be measured and calculated from the change in output laser power. In the experiment,the confocal external cavity composed of a concave reflector and a positive lens is designed. This device is able to obtain the corresponding variety curve of standard particles passing through the confocal area, and then the parameters of the particles can be measured and calculated by combining the experimental data and standard curves. Experimental results show that this method is an easily operated and reliable way for particle *** measurement ranges from 0.2 to 2000 μm, resolution is 0.2 μm, and measurement error is within 2%. This device may have wide application in areas such as atmosphere particle detection and calibration of a single particle producer.

关键词： small particle detection laser feedback phenomenon confocal external cavity

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