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Lipid droplets in the nervous system:involvement in cell metabolic homeostasis

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 740-750页

作者： Yuchen Zhang Yiqing Chen cheng zhuang Jingxuan Qi Robert Chunhua Zhao Jiao Wang School of Life Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina School of Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy BeijingChina

Lipid droplets serve as primary storage organelles for neutral lipids in neurons,glial cells,and other cells in the nervous *** droplet formation begins with the synthesis of neutral lipids in the endoplasmic ***,lipid droplets were recognized for their role in maintaining lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis;however,recent research has shown that lipid droplets are highly adaptive organelles with diverse functions in the nervous *** addition to their role in regulating cell metabolism,lipid droplets play a protective role in various cellular stress ***,lipid droplets exhibit specific functions in neurons and glial *** of lipid droplet formation leads to cellular dysfunction,metabolic abnormalities,and nervous system *** review aims to provide an overview of the role of lipid droplets in the nervous system,covering topics such as biogenesis,cellular specificity,and ***,it will explore the association between lipid droplets and neurodegenerative *** the involvement of lipid droplets in cell metabolic homeostasis related to the nervous system is crucial to determine the underlying causes and in exploring potential therapeutic approaches for these diseases.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease lipid droplet biogenesis lipid droplets lipid metabolism nervous system neurodegenerative disorders oxidative stress Parkinson's disease

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Development of X-FEM methodology and study on mixed-mode crack propagation

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2011年第3期27卷 406-415页

作者： Zhuo zhuang Bin-Bin cheng School of Aerospace Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China

The extended finite element method（X-FEM） is a novel numerical methodology with a great potential for using in multi-scale computation and multi-phase coupling problems. The algorithm is discussed and a program is developed based on X-FEM for simulating mixed-mode crack propagation. The maximum circumferential stress criterion and interaction integral are deduced. Some numerical results are compared with the experimental data to prove the capability and efficiency of the algorithm and the program. Numerical analyses of sub-interfacial crack growth in bi-materials give a clear description of the effiect on fracture made by interface and loading condition.

关键词： X-FEM - Mixed-mode fracture . Bi-material Sub-interfacial crack

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Capability of discrete element method to investigate the macro-micro mechanical behaviours of granular soils considering different stress conditions and morphological gene mutation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第10期15卷 2731-2745页

作者： Wei Xiong Jianfeng Wang zhuang cheng Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong ShenzhenChina School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhanChina Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park Wuhan University of TechnologySanyaChina

Discrete element method(DEM)has been widely utilised to model the mechanical behaviours of granular ***,with simplified particle morphology or rheology-based rolling resistance models,DEM failed to describe some responses,such as the particle kinematics at the grain-scale and the principal stress ratio against axial strain at the *** paper adopts a computed tomography(CT)-based DEM technique,including particle morphology data acquisition from micro-CT(mCT),spherical harmonic-based principal component analysis(SH-PCA)-based particle morphology reconstruction and DEM simulations,to investigate the capability of DEM with realistic particle morphology for modelling granular soils’micro-macro mechanical responses with a consideration of the initial packing state,the morphological gene mutation degree,and the confining stress *** is found that DEM with realistic particle morphology can reasonably reproduce granular materials’micro-macro mechanical behaviours,including the deviatoric stressevolumetric straineaxial strain response,critical state behaviour,particle kinematics,and shear band ***,the role of multiscale particle morphology in granular soils depends on the initial packing state and the confining stress *** the same granular soils,rougher particle surfaces with a denser initial packing state and a higher confining stress condition result in a higher degree of shear strain localisation.

关键词： Discrete element method(DEM) Spherical harmonic-based principal component analysis(SH-PCA) Particle morphology Granular so

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Effects of asymmetric rolling process on ridging resistance of ultra-purified 17%Cr ferritic stainless steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第2期25卷 216-225页

作者： cheng-zhuang Lu Jing-yuan Li Zhi Fang School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing

In ferritic stainless steels, a significant non-uniform recrystallization orientation and a substantial texture gradient usually occur, which can degrade the ridging resistance of the final sheets. To improve the homogeneity of the recrystallization orientation and reduce the texture gradient in ultra-purified 17%Cr ferritic stainless steel, in this work, we performed conventional and asymmetric rolling processes and conducted macro and micro-texture analyses to investigate texture evolution under different cold-rolling conditions. In the conventional rolling specimens, we observed that the deformation was not uniform in the thickness direction, whereas there was homogeneous shear deformation in the asymmetric rolling specimens as well as the formation of uniform recrystallized grains and random orientation grains in the final annealing sheets. As such, the ridging resistance of the final sheets was significantly improved by employing the asymmetric rolling process. This result indicates with certainty that the texture gradient and orientation inhomogeneity can be attributed to non-uniform deformation, whereas the uniform orientation gradient in the thickness direction is explained by the increased number of shear bands obtained in the asymmetric rolling process.

关键词： ferritic stainless steel asymmetric rolling surface ridging texture shear bands

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A miniature triaxial apparatus for investigating the micromechanics of granular soils with in situ X-ray micro-tomography scanning

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020年第2期14卷 357-373页

作者： zhuang cheng Jianfeng WANG Matthew Richard COOP Guanlin YE Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518057China Department of Civil Environmental and Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The development of a miniature triaxial apparatus is *** conjunction with an X-ray microtomography(termed as X-ray fiCT hereafter)facility and advanced image processing techniques,this apparatus can be used for in situ investigation of the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils under *** apparatus allows for triaxial testing of a miniature dry sample with a size of 8 mm x 16 mm(diameter x height).In situ triaxial testing of a 0.4-0.8 mm Leighton Buzzard sand(LBS)under a constant confining pressure of 500 kPa is *** evolutions of local porosities(i.e.,the porosities of regions associated with individual particles),particle kinematics(i.e.,particle translation and particle rotation)of the sample during the shear are quantitatively studied using image processing and analysis ***,a novel method is presented to quantify the volumetric strain distribution of the sample based on the results of local porosities and particle *** is found that the sample,with nearly homogenous initial local porosities,starts to exhibit obvious inhomogeneity of local porosities and localization of particle kinematics and volumetric strain around the peak of deviatoric *** the post-peak shear stage,large local porosities and volumetric dilation mainly occur in a localized *** developed triaxial apparatus,in its combined use of X-ray|iCT imaging techniques,is a powerful tool to investigate the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils.

关键词： triaxial apparatus X-ray fiCT in situ test micro-scale mechanical behavior granular soils

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ANALYSIS OF HYDRODYNAMICS FOR TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLOW AROUND WAVING PLATES

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2007年第1期19卷 18-22页

作者： ZHANG cheng zhuang Li-Xian LU Xi-Yun Department of Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

Hydrodynamic characteristics for two-dimensional flow around a waving plate are investigated. Under large Reynolds number approximation, the flow is assumed to be a combination of the outer potential flow and a thin vortex layer, which consists of a boundary layer and a shed free shear layer. A nonlinear mathematical formulation for describing the outer unsteady potential flow coupled with an unsteady boundary layer equation for the inner viscous flow adjacent to the waving plate is developed. A semi-analytical method with a nonlinear Kutta condition imposed at the trailing edge is used to solve the velocity field of the outer flow and the evolution of wake vortex induced by a large-amplitude waving plate. The unsteady boundary layer equation is solved by extending Pohlhausen＇s method to its unsteady counterpart. The thrust and viscous drag coefficients, propulsive efficiency, and the pattern of wake vortex sheet are discussed.

关键词： waving plate fish swimming unsteadyboundary layer vortex shedding

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Ultra-small MoS2 nanodots with rapid body clearance for photothermal cancer therapy

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Nano Research 2016年第10期9卷 3003-3017页

作者： Teng Liu Yu Chao Min Gao Chao Liang Qian Chen Guosheng Song Liang cheng zhuang Liu Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & DevicesSoochow University 199 Ren'ai Road Suzhou 215123 China

The clinical translation of many inorganic nanomaterials is severely hampered by toxicity issues because of the long-term retention of these nanomaterials in the body. In this study, we developed a bio-clearable theranostic agent based on ultra-small MoS2 nanodots, which were synthesized by a facile bottom-up approach through one-step solvothermal decomposition of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate. After modification by glutathione （GSH）, the obtained MoS2-GSH nanodots exhibited sub-10-nm hydrodynamic diameters without aggregation in various physiological buffers. Without showing appreciable in vitro toxicity, such MoS2-GSH nanodots with strong near-infrared （NIR） absorbance could induce remarkable photothermal ablation of cancer cells. Upon intravenous （i.v.） injection, efficient tumor accumulation of MoS2-GSH nanodots was observed by photoacoustic imaging, and further confirmed by analysis of the biodistribution of Mo. Notabl）4 the MoS2-GSH nanodots, in contrast to conventional MoS2 nanoflakes with larger sizes, showed rather efficient body clearance via urine, where the majority of the injected dose was cleared within just seven days. Photothermal ablation of tumors on mice was then realized with the MoS2-GSH nanodots, achieving excellent therapeutic efficacy. This study presents a new type of ultra-small nanoparticle with efficient tumor homing/treatment abilities, as well as rapid body clearance behavior, making it promising for cancer theranostics without long-term toxiciW concerns.

关键词： ultra-small MoS2 nanodots photoacoustic imaging rapid body clearance photothermal therapy

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Molecular evolution of hepatitis A virus in a human diploid cell line

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第34期13卷 4630-4635页

作者： Cai-Hua Tang Jiang-Sen Mao Shao-Ai Chai Yong Chen Fang-cheng zhuang Institute of Infectious Diseases the First Affiliated Hospital College of Medical Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003 Zhejiang Province China Zhejiang Academy of Medical Science Hangzhou 310013 Zh-ejiang'Province China

AIM： To investigate the hoLspoLs, direction, and the time course of evolution of hepatitis A virus in the process of consecutive cell culture passage in human KMB17 diploid cells.METHODS： Wild type hepatitis A virus H2w was serially propagated in KMB17 cells until passage 30, and the fulllength genomes of H2w and its six chosen progenies were determined by directly sequencing RT-PCR products amplified from viral genomic RNA. Alignment comparison of sequences from H2w with its six progenies and phylogenetic analysis of the whole VP1 region from H2w, progenies of H2w, and other cell culture adapted hepatitis A virus were then carried out to obtain data on the molecular evolution of hepatitis A virus in the process of consecutive passage in KMB17 cells.RESULTS： Most of the mutations occurred by passage 5 and several hotspots related to adaptation of the virus during cell growth were observed. After that stage, few additional mutations occurred through the remaining duration of passage in KMB17 cells except for mutation in the virulence determinants, which occurred in the vicinity of passage 15. The phylogenetic analysis of the whole VP1 region suggested that the progenies of H2w evolved closely to other cell culture adapted hepatitis A virus, i.e. MBB, L-A-l, other than its progenitor H2w.CONCLUSION： Hepatitis A virus served as a useful model for studying molecular evolution of viruses in a given environment. The information obtained in this study may provide assistance in cultivating the next generation of a seed virus for live hepatitis A vaccine production.

关键词： Molecular evolution Virus evolution Phylogenyanalysis Virulence gene Hepat’s A virus

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Stochastic Model Predictive Control Approach to Autonomous Vehicle Lane Keeping

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2021年第5期26卷 626-633页

作者： ZHANG Chenzhi zhuang cheng ZHENG Xueke CAI Runze LI Mian University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

In real-world scenarios,the uncertainty of measurements cannot be handled efficiently by traditional model predictive control(MPC).A stochastic MPC(SMPC)method for handling the uncertainty of states in autonomous driving lane-keeping scenarios is presented in this paper.A probabilistic system is constructed by considering the variance of *** probabilistic problem is then transformed into a solvable deterministic optimization problem in two ***,the cost function is separated into mean and variance *** mean component is calculated online,whereas the variance component can be calculated ***,Cantelli’s inequality is adopted for the deterministic reformulation of ***,the original probabilistic problem is transformed into a quadratic programming *** validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control method,we compared the SMPC controller with a traditional MPC controller in a lane-keeping *** results demonstrate that the SMPC controller is more effective overall and produces smaller steady-state distance errors.

关键词： stochastic model predictive control(SMPC) autonomous driving lane keeping

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Rational Design of a Near-infrared Fluorescent Material with High Solid-state Efficiency,Aggregation-induced Emission and Live Cell Imaging Property

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2022年第6期38卷 1461-1466页

作者： SHANG Anqi ZHAO Lele LI Zhenhua cheng zhuang JIN Haixu FENG Zijun CHEN Zhijun ZHANG Haiquan LU Ping State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004P.R.China

Near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent materials with high photoluminescent quantum yields(PLQYs)have wide application ***,we design and synthesize a D-A type NIR organic molecule,TPATHCNE,in which triphenylamine and thiophene are utilized as the donors and fumaronitrile is applied as the *** systematically investigate its molecular structure and photophysical *** shows high T_(g) of 110℃ and T_(d) of 385℃ and displays an aggregation-induced emission(AIE)property.A narrow optical bandgap of 1.65 eV is *** non-doped film of TPATHCNE exhibits a high PLQY of 40.3%with an emission peak at 732 nm,which is among the best values of NIR *** TPATHCNE is applied in organic light-emitting diode(OLED),the electroluminescent peak is located at 716 nm with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 0.83%.With the potential in cell imaging,the polystyrene maleic anhydride(PMSA)modified TPATHCNE nanoparticles(NPs)emit strong fluorescence when labeling HeLa cancer cells,suggesting that TPATHCNE can be used as a fluorescent carrier for specific staining or drug delivery for cellular *** NPs fabricated by bovine serum protein(BSA)are cultivated with mononuclear yeast cells,and the intense intracellular red fluorescence indicates that it can be adopted as a specific stain for imaging.

关键词： Near-infrared emission Aggregation-induced emission High solid-state efficiency Organic light-emitting diode

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