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Understanding the boundary and mechanism of gas-induced explosion for lithium-ion cells:Experimental and theoretical analysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第11期86卷 546-558,I0012页

作者： tongxin Shan Xiaoqing zhu Zhenpo Wang National Engineering Research Center of Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System of Ministry of Education School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

Thermal runaway(TR)of lithium-ion(Li-ion)batteries(LIBs)involves multiple forms of hazards,such as gas venting/jetting,fire,or even ***,as the most extreme case,is caused by the generated flammable gases,and a deflagration to detonation transition(DDT)may occur in this ***,overheat-to-TR tests and the corresponding outgas-induced explosion tests were conducted on 42 Ah Li-ion cells with Li[Ni_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)]*** sum of CO_(2),H_(2),C_(2)H_(4),CO,and CH4accounted for more than 90%of the ***/upper explosion limits(LEL/UEL),laminar flame speed,and ideal stable detonation pressure were calculated to interpret the explosion characteristics and *** turned out that shockwave was easily to be compressed and accelerated under higher state of charge(SOC)***,Li-ion cells explosion may evolve into unstable detonation in encapsulated battery pack and its evolution mechanism was explained,which provides a new idea for explosion-proof design of LIBs ***,a comprehensive assessment method was developed to intuitively characterize TR *** of explosion presented an upward trend with the increase of SOC while the sensitivity was not the *** study provides a further anatomy of TR,which is instructive to the safety of power battery systems.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Thermal runaway Gas explosion Evolution mechanism Safety

BIM模拟安装技术在建筑机电图纸深化阶段中的应用

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建筑施工 2015年第2期37卷 240-241,248页

作者：李丰会张超杨林忠朱桐昕青建集团股份公司青岛266071

传统的二维平面施工图纸已不能满足满足工程项目管理的精细化要求,特别是机电专业施工过程中出现的管线碰撞情况,而BIM模拟安装技术能很好地进行三维模拟施工。以青岛市和黄·小港湾改造项目为例,对BIM模拟安装技术在机电工程图纸深化... 详细信息

传统的二维平面施工图纸已不能满足满足工程项目管理的精细化要求,特别是机电专业施工过程中出现的管线碰撞情况,而BIM模拟安装技术能很好地进行三维模拟施工。以青岛市和黄·小港湾改造项目为例,对BIM模拟安装技术在机电工程图纸深化阶段中的应用进行了阐述。通过BIM技术进行管道和设备的三维模拟检查碰撞及协同工作,优化了管线安装路径、减少了返工,既节约了成本,又保证了安装质量,有一定的借鉴意义。

关键词： BIM 模拟安装机电图纸深化管线碰撞综合调整

Evaluation and projection of marine heatwaves in the South China Sea: insights from CMIP6 multi-model ensemble

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第7期43卷 15-25页

作者： Kai Liu Kang Xu tongxin Han Congwen zhu Nina Li Anboyu Guo Xiaolu Huang National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Meteorological Observatory Huhhot 010051China

This study evaluates the performance of 16 models sourced from the coupled model intercomparison project phase 6(CMIP6)in simulating marine heatwaves(MHWs)in the South China Sea(SCS)during the historical period(1982−2014),and also investigates future changes in SCS MHWs based on simulations from three shared socioeconomic pathway(SSP)scenarios(SSP126,SSP245,and SSP585)using CMIP6 *** demonstrate that the CMIP6 models perform well in simulating the spatial-temporal distribution and intensity of SCS MHWs,with their multi-model ensemble(MME)results showing the best *** reasonable agreement between the observations and CMIP6 MME reveals that the increasing trends of SCS MHWs are attributed to the warming sea surface temperature *** various SSP scenarios,the year 2040 emerges as pivotal juncture for future shifts in SCS MHWs,marked by distinct variations in changing rate and *** is characterized by an accelerated decrease in MHWs frequency and a notably heightened increase in mean intensity,duration,and total days after ***,the projection results for SCS MHWs suggest that the spatial pattern of MHWs remains consistent across future ***,the intensity shows higher consistency only during the near-term period(2021−2050),while notable inconsistencies are observed during the medium-term(2041−2070)and long-term(2071−2100)periods under the three SSP *** the nearterm period,the SCS MHWs are characterized by moderate and strong events with high frequencies and relatively shorter *** contrast,during the medium-term period,MHWs are also characterized by moderate and strong events,but with longer-lasting and more intense events under the SSP245 and SSP585 ***,in the long-term period,extreme MHWs become the dominant feature under the SSP585 scenario,indicating a substantial intensification of SCS MHWs,effectively establishing a near-permanent state.

关键词： marine heatwaves South China Sea global warming future projections CMIP6

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QRS积分法对心肌梗塞面积及预后的估价

同济医科大学学报 1987年第5期 348-351页

作者：朱同新赵华月田德英高恩民同济医科大学附属同济医院内科心功能室

本文介绍应用常规心电图中QRS积分法来确定心肌梗塞范围的方法,经临床应用证明QRS积分与梗塞范围呈高度相关,据此能对心肌梗塞病人的预后作出判断,即积分愈高病情愈重。

关键词： QRS积分系统梗塞范围预后

Explosion behavior investigation and safety assessment of large-format lithium-ion pouch cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第9期31卷 241-257,I0007页

作者： tongxin Shan Zhenpo Wang Xiaoqing zhu Hsin Wang Yangjie Zhou Yituo Wang Jinghan Zhang Zhiwei Sun National Engineering Research Center of Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831United States State-assigned Electric Vehicle Power Battery Testing Center China North Vehicle Research InstituteBeijing 100072China

Large-format lithium-ion(Li-ion) batteries with high energy density for electric vehicles are prone to thermal runaway(or even explosion) under abusive conditions. In this study, overcharge induced explosion behaviors of large-format Li-ion pouch cells with Li[NiCoMn]Ocathode at different current rates(C-rates)(0.5C, 1C, 2C) were investigated. The explosion characteristics of the cells were elucidated by discussing the evolution of the cell voltage, the surface temperature and the shock wave ***, the whole overcharge process could be divided into four stages according to the evolution of several key parameters and the overcharge behaviors;the overcharge C-rate has a great influence on cells’ thermal behaviors. The experimental results showed that the thermal runaway process of Liion cells caused by overcharging consisted of two kinds of explosions, physical explosion and chemical explosion. The existence of observable negative pressure zone in the pressure curves indicated that the Li-ion cells are not a self-supplying oxygen system during the explosion. Further, the explosion dynamics parameters were matched. An explosion TNT-equivalent conversion strategy that depended on the pressure of the shock wave was utilized to evaluate the released energy and its hazards. In addition, with respect to the overcharge of Li-ion pouch cells, a safety assessment method and a safety management method were proposed based on the explosion behaviors. From the perspective of battery safety, this study is of great significance for the safety design of Li-ion cells and can provide guidance for engineers to optimize the safety function of battery packs.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Overcharge Explosion behavior Safety Explosion dynamics

Enhancing in-field performance of GdBCO coated conductors by cooperative irradiation with Ti ions and protons

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Superconductivity 2024年第3期11卷 45-50页

作者： Daxing Huang Hao Dong tongxin Wang Hao Yu Kaigui zhu Hongwei Gu Fazhu Ding Key Laboratory of Applied Superconductivity and Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Irradiation can accurately manipulate defects and adjust pinning landscapes within REBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7-δ) (REBCO, RE: rare earths) coated conductors (CCs). This study reports a productive method to dramatically boost the in-field critical current density (J_(c) ) for GdBCO CCs using cooperative irradiation with Ti ions and protons. Remarkably, the in-field J_(c) of commercial CCs can be almost doubled at a wide range of temperatures and magnetic fields. Defects of various sizes induced by cooperative irradiation are more uniform distribution through the entire GdBCO film to improve the vortex pinning characteristics, thereby enhancing the in-field performance of the GdBCO CC. This method highlights how combining different particle irradiation types can tailor defect size and distribution, optimizing pinning landscapes for commercial REBCO CCs.

关键词： REBCO Ti-ion irradiation Vortex pinning In-field performance

The modification toward excited-state dynamics and catalytic activity by isomeric Au_(44)clusters

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Nano Research 2023年第8期16卷 11383-11388页

作者： tongxin Song Jie Kong Shisi Tang Xiao Cai Xu Liu Meng Zhou Wen Wu Xu Weiping Ding Yan zhu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

The structure determination of metal nanoclusters protected by ligands is critical in understanding their physical and chemical properties,yet it remains elusive how the metal core and ligand of metal clusters cooperatively contribute to the observed ***,with the successful synthesis of Au_(44)TBPA_(22)Cl_(2)cluster(TBPA=4-tert-butylphenylacetylene),the structural isomer of previously reported Au_(44)L_(28)clusters(L denoted as ligand)is filled,thereby providing an opportunity to explore the property evolution rules imparted by different metal core structures or different surface ***-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy reveals that the difference in the core structure between Au_(44)TBPA_(22)Cl_(2)and Au_(44)L_(28)can bring nearly 360 times variation of excited-state lifetime,while only 3–24 times differences in excited-state lifetimes of the three Au_(44)L_(28)nanoclusters with identical metal core but different ligands are observed,which is due to much stronger impact of the metal core than the surface ligands in the electronic energy bands of the *** addition,the Au_(44)clusters protected by alkyne ligands are shown to be highly effective toward the electrochemical oxidation of ethanol,compared to the Au_(44)clusters capped by thiolates,which is ascribed to smaller charge transfer impedance of the former *** anticipate that the study will enhance the process in controlling the nanomaterial properties by precisely tailoring metal core or surface patterns.

关键词： cluster metal core surface ligand excited-state dynamics catalysis

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花生壳制备活性炭及其应用研究

肇庆学院学报 2023年第2期44卷 34-39页

作者：梁凤兰马德运梁美雄朱童欣庄柏然邹鑫朱向荣李俊涛纪梓豪肇庆学院生命科学学院广东肇庆526061 肇庆学院食品与制药工程学院广东肇庆526061 广州特种承压设备检测研究院广东广州510800

为解决农业废弃物花生壳利用价值过低导致浪费且污染环境的问题,以废弃花生壳为原料制备生物质活性炭并应用于染料废液吸附方面.以不同浓度的碳酸钾溶液为活化剂,在不同的炭化温度和炭化时间条件下制备活性炭材料,探讨其在不同条件下对... 详细信息

为解决农业废弃物花生壳利用价值过低导致浪费且污染环境的问题,以废弃花生壳为原料制备生物质活性炭并应用于染料废液吸附方面.以不同浓度的碳酸钾溶液为活化剂,在不同的炭化温度和炭化时间条件下制备活性炭材料,探讨其在不同条件下对染料废液龙胆紫溶液吸附性能,并获得制备花生壳基活性炭最佳的工艺条件.研究结果表明:当碳酸钾浓度为50%,炭化时间为100min,炭化温度为500℃时所制备的活性炭对染料废液龙胆紫吸附性能最优,去除率高于99%.该研究为利用花生壳制备生物质活性炭并应用于吸附方面提供了实验数据.

关键词：花生壳碳酸钾活性炭龙胆紫吸附

Pre-harvest and post-harvest application of benzothiadiazole for controlling anthracnose and extending shelf life of harvested banana

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第4期6卷 76-83页

作者： Li Xueping Shi Jingying zhu Xiaoyang Wang Jinghua Yuan Zhenxin Luo Jun Liu tongxin Wang Rong Rao Shen Chen Weixin State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Postharvest Science and Technology of Fruits and Vegetables College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China College of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018China

Anthracnose,caused by the fungus Colletotrichum musae,is a serious latent post-harvest disease of banana,which results in major economic losses during transportation and ***-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester(BTH),a functional analogue of the plant endogenous hormone-like compound salicylic acid(SA),has been known to possess resistant effects on some diseases caused by *** aim of present study was to select an appropriate BTH concentration and an appropriate stage of banana ripening for its application in controlling anthracnose and extending shelf life of harvested banana *** concentrations of BTH(50,100,200 and 300μg/mL)were applied at different stages of banana fruit ripening,including one week,two weeks and one month before *** results suggest that while the concentrations of BTH ranging from 50μg/mL to 200μg/mL in both pre-harvest and post-harvest application,this could control anthracnose of harvested banana fruit,the appropriate concentration of BTH in both pre-harvest and post-harvest treatment was 100μg/mL and the best time of BTH treatment was two weeks before *** of quality parameters including peel color and firmness indicated that 100μg/mL BTH treatment delayed banana fruit ripening at room temperature.

关键词： banana fruit shelf life ripening post-harvest preservation BTH treatment anthracnose peel color firmness