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Influence of the Eastern Pacific and Central Pacific Types of ENSO on the South Asian Summer Monsoon

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第1期38卷 12-28页

作者： Fangxing FAN Renping LIN Xianghui FANG Feng XUE Fei ZHENG jiang zhu International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Based on observational and reanalysis data,the relationships between the eastern Pacific(EP)and central Pacific(CP)types of El Niño−Southern Oscillation(ENSO)during the developing summer and the South Asian summer monsoon(SASM)are *** roles of these two types of ENSO on the SASM experienced notable multidecadal modulation in the late *** the inverse relationship between the EP type of ENSO and the SASM has weakened dramatically,the CP type of ENSO plays a far more prominent role in producing anomalous Indian monsoon rainfall after the late *** drought-producing El Niño warming of both the EP and CP types can excite anomalous rising motion of the Walker circulation concentrated in the equatorial central Pacific around 160°W to the date ***,compensatory subsidence anomalies are evident from the Maritime Continent to the Indian subcontinent,leading to suppressed convection and decreased precipitation over these ***,anomalously less moisture flux into South Asia associated with developing EP El Niño and significant northwesterly anomalies dominating over southern India accompanied by developing CP El Niño,may also have been responsible for the Indian monsoon droughts during the pre-1979 and post-1979 sub-periods,*** Niño events with the same“flavor”may not necessarily produce consistent Indian monsoon rainfall anomalies,while similar Indian monsoon droughts may be induced by different types of El Niño,implying high sensitivity of monsoonal precipitation to the detailed configuration of ENSO forcing imposed on the tropical Pacific.

关键词： South Asian summer monsoon ENSO moisture flux convergence−divergence El Niño developing summer multidecadal modulation

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Validation and correction of sea surface salinity retrieval from SMAP

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2020年第3期39卷 148-158页

作者： Sisi Qin Hui Wang jiang zhu Liying Wan Yu Zhang Haoyun Wang National Meteorological Center Beijing 100081China Numerical Weather Prediction Center of China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterBeijing 100081China International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

In this study, sea surface salinity(SSS) Level 3(L3) daily product derived from soil moisture active passive(SMAP)during the year 2016, was validated and compared with SSS daily products derived from soil Moisture and ocean salinity(SMOS) and in-situ measurements. Generally, the root mean square error(RMSE) of the daily SSS products is larger along the coastal areas and at high latitudes and is smaller in the tropical regions and open oceans. Comparisons between the two types of daily satellite SSS product revealed that the RMSE was higher in the daily SMOS product than in the SMAP, whereas the bias of the daily SMOS was observed to be less than that of the SMAP when compared with Argo floats data. In addition, the latitude-dependent bias and RMSE of the SMAP SSS were found to be primarily influenced by the precipitation and the sea surface temperature(SST). Then, a regression analysis method which has adopted the precipitation and SST data was used to correct the larger bias of the daily SMAP product. It was confirmed that the corrected daily SMAP product could be used for assimilation in high-resolution forecast models, due to the fact that it was demonstrated to be unbiased and much closer to the in-situ measurements than the original uncorrected SMAP product.

关键词： sea surface salinity(SSS) soil moisture active passive(SMAP) soil moisture and ocean salinity(SMOS) validation correction

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A Phenomenological Model for Decay Process of Long-Persistent Phosphorescence

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第5期28卷 80-83页

作者： CHEN Bin HAO Hong-Chen zhu jiang LU Ming Department of Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433 Department of Optical Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433

A sum of two or more exponential decay functions is empirically adopted nowadays to analyze the decay curve of long-persistent ***,the fitting parameters of this empirical model lack well-defined physical meanings,especially when the number of exponential decay function is greater than *** propose a phenomenological model to describe the decay curve oflong-persistent phosphor based on an analysis of the relationship between carrier concentration and light-emitting *** model has a few fitting parameters with well-defined physical meanings as compared to the current empirical *** this model,we quantitatively analyze the decay processes of typical long-persistent phosphors of SrAl_(2)O_(4):Eu,Dy and obtain reasonable fitting results.

关键词： decay exponential empirical

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The Impact of "Bad" Argo Profiles on Ocean Data Assimilation

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2010年第2期3卷 59-63页

作者： YAN Chang-Xiang zhu jiang International Center for Climate and Environment Science Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry （LAPC） Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Recent studies have found cold biases in a fraction of Argo profiles (hereinafter referred to as bad Array for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography (Argo) profiles) due to the pressure drifts during 2003 and 2006. These bad Argo profiles have had an important impact on in situ observation-based global ocean heat content esti- mates. This study investigated the impact of bad Argo profiles on ocean data assimilation results that were based on observations from diverse ocean observation systems, such as in situ profiles (e.g., Argo, expendable bathy- thermograph (XBT), and Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (TAO), remote-sensing sea surface temperature products and satellite altimetry between 2004 and 2006. Results from this work show that the upper ocean heat content analysis is vulnerable to bad Argo profiles and demon- strate a cooling trend in the studied period despite the multiple independent data types that were assimilated. When the bad Argo profiles were excluded from the as- similation, the decreased heat content disappeared and a warming occurred. Combination of satellite altimetry and mass variation data from gravity satellite demonstrated an increase, which agrees well with the increased heat con- tent. Additionally, when an additional Argo profile quality control procedure was utilized that simply removed the profiles that presented static unstable water columns, the results were very similar to those obtained when the bad Argo profiles were excluded from the assimilation. This indicates that an ocean data assimilation that uses multiple data sources with improved quality control could be less vulnerable to a major observation system failure, such as a bad Argo event.

关键词： data assimilation Argo heat content ensemble optimal interpolation

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A Reconstructed Wind Stress Dataset for Climate Research over the Tropical Pacific during a 153-Year Period

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2009年第5期2卷 277-283页

作者： Zheng Fei Du Juan zhu jiang International Center for Climate and Environment Science (ICCES) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

There are close relationships between the sea surface temperature (SST) and the surface wind over the tropical *** study the past climate variability over the tropical Pacific,the long-term monthly wind stress anomalies over the tropical Pacific for the period of 1856–2008 are reconstructed with an SVD (singular value decomposition)-based statistical atmospheric model,where the wind stress anomalies are slave and directly correspond to the SST *** verification results show that the reconstructed wind stress data have high correlations and a small root mean square (RMS) error with the three reanalysis/simulated surface wind datasets from the last 50 *** addition,the simulated SST anomalies from an intermediate oceanic model (IOM),which is forced by the reconstructed wind stress,can simulate the realistic interannual and decadal variability of the ENSO (El Nio-Southern Oscillation);this indicates that this new long-term wind stress dataset is useful for various climate studies,especially for the large-scale interannual and decadal variability.

关键词： reconstructed wind stress statistical atmospheric model ENSO

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Pricing and observational learning in crowdfunding:The moderate effect of target

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Journal of Management Science and Engineering 2022年第1期7卷 146-158页

作者： Xiaofeng Liu Jiahui Wang jiang zhu School of Business Administration Zhongnan University of Economics and LawWuhan430073China School of Business Sichuan UniversityChendu610065China

This paper studies pricing and observational learning in a reward-based crowdfunding campaign *** creator sets a funding target and uses different pricing strategies in order to make the project successful:menu price and other static or dynamic price strategies,such as low price,high price,and intertemporal *** a sequential game,the creator needs to choose the optimal pricing strategy with or without information *** information disclosure,the follower can infer the quality of the product by observing the former’s *** found that this observational learning effect is a double-edged sword and is positively moderated by the target when different pricing strategies are adopted:on one hand,it will benefit the creator from an intertemporal pricing strategy or high price strategy if the target is very high;on the other hand,it has an adverse effect on the profit if menu price(high price)is adopted when the target is relatively(very)*** some conditions,menu price(high price)without information disclosure will be optimal when the target is relatively(very)low.

关键词： Crowdfunding Pricing strategy Funding target Observational learning

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Predicting Western Pacific Subtropical High Using a Combined Tropical Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperature Forecast

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2013年第6期6卷 405-409页

作者： WANG Li-Wei ZHENG Fei zhu jiang International Center for Climate and Environment Science (ICCES) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sci-ences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Institute of Applied Meteorology

Weather and climate in East China are closely related to the variability of the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH), which is an important part of the Asian monsoon system. The WPSH prediction in spring and summer is a critical component of rainfall forecasting during the summer flood season in China. Although many attempts have been made to predict WPSH variability, its predictability remains limited in practice due to the complexity of the WPSH evolution. Many studies have indicated that the sea surface temperature(SST) over the tropical Indian Ocean has a significant effect on WPSH variability. In this paper, a statistical model is developed to forecast the monthly variation in the WPSH during the spring and summer seasons on the basis of its relationship with SST over the tropical Indian Ocean. The forecasted SST over the tropical Indian Ocean is the predictor in this model, which differs significantly from other WPSH prediction methods. A 26-year independent hindcast experiment from 1983 to 2008 is conducted and validated in which the WPSH prediction driven by the combined forecasted SST is compared with that driven by the persisted SST. Results indicate that the skill score of the WPSH prediction driven by the combined forecasted SST is substantial.

关键词： western Pacific subtropical high SST tropical Indian Ocean statistical prediction

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A Model Output Machine Learning Method for Grid Temperature Forecasts in the Beijing Area

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第10期36卷 1156-1170页

作者： Haochen LI Chen YU jiangjiang XIA Yingchun WANG jiang zhu Pingwen ZHANG School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Meteorological Service

In this paper, the model output machine learning (MOML) method is proposed for simulating weather consultation, which can improve the forecast results of numerical weather prediction (NWP). During weather consultation, the forecasters obtain the final results by combining the observations with the NWP results and giving opinions based on their experience. It is obvious that using a suitable post-processing algorithm for simulating weather consultation is an interesting and important topic. MOML is a post-processing method based on machine learning, which matches NWP forecasts against observations through a regression function. By adopting different feature engineering of datasets and training periods, the observational and model data can be processed into the corresponding training set and test set. The MOML regression function uses an existing machine learning algorithm with the processed dataset to revise the output of NWP models combined with the observations, so as to improve the results of weather forecasts. To test the new approach for grid temperature forecasts, the 2-m surface air temperature in the Beijing area from the ECMWF model is used. MOML with different feature engineering is compared against the ECMWF model and modified model output statistics (MOS) method. MOML shows a better numerical performance than the ECMWF model and MOS, especially for winter. The results of MOML with a linear algorithm, running training period, and dataset using spatial interpolation ideas, are better than others when the forecast time is within a few days. The results of MOML with the Random Forest algorithm, year-round training period, and dataset containing surrounding gridpoint information, are better when the forecast time is longer.

关键词： temperature forecasts MOS machine learning multiple linear regression Random Forest weather consultation feature engineering data structures

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Assimilating the along-track sea level anomaly into the regional ocean modeling system using the ensemble optimal interpolation

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第7期33卷 72-82页

作者： LYU Guokun WANG Hui zhu jiang WANG Dakui XIE Jiping LIU Guimei Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of China Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterState Oceanic Administration College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences International Center for Climate and Environmental Sciences Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The ensemble optimal interpolation （EnOI） is applied to the regional ocean modeling system （ROMS） with the ability to assimilate the along-track sea level anomaly （TSLA）. This system is tested with an eddy-resolving system of the South China Sea （SCS）. Background errors are derived from a running seasonal ensemble to account for the seasonal variability within the SCS. A fifth-order localization function with a 250 km localization radius is chosen to reduce the negative effects of sampling errors. The data assimilation system is tested from January 2004 to December 2006. The results show that the root mean square deviation （RMSD） of the sea level anomaly decreased from 10.57 to 6.70 cm, which represents a 36.6% reduction of error. The data assimilation reduces error for temperature within the upper 800 m and for salinity within the upper 200 m, although error degrades slightly at deeper depths. Surface currents are in better agreement with trajectories of surface drifters after data assimilation. The variance of sea level improves significantly in terms of both the amplitude and position of the strong and weak variance regions after assimilating TSLA. Results with AGE error （AGE） perform better than no AGE error （NoAGE） when considering the improvements of the temperature and the salinity. Furthermore, reasons for the extremely strong variability in the northern SCS in high resolution models are investigated. The results demonstrate that the strong variability of sea level in the high resolution model is caused by an extremely strong Kuroshio intrusion. Therefore, it is demonstrated that it is necessary to assimilate the TSLA in order to better simulate the SCS with high resolution models.

关键词： ensemble optimal interpolation regional ocean modeling system along-track sea level anomaly South China Sea variability

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U-Pb zircon geochronology, geochemistry and kinetics of the Huaniushan A-type granite in Northwest China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2012年第1期31卷 85-94页

作者： zhu jiang LÜ Xinbiao CAO Xiaofeng MO Yalong CHEN Chao Faculty of Earth Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The Huaniushan granite is located at the Beishan orogenic belt, northwestern China. At the contact zone between the granite and marble, a hydrothermal Pb-Zn and skarn Au deposit is formed. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating yielded a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 229.5±2.6 Ma (MSDW=0.93) for the Huaniushan granite, imply-ing its Late Triassic intrusion. Geochemistry analyses show that the Huaniushan granite is enriched in Si, K, Na, and REE, and depleted in Mg and Ca, with contents of SiO2 (70.8% to 74.4%), Na2O+K2O (8.8% to 10.2%), CaO (0.93% to 1.44%), and MgO (0.14% to 0.48%). REE is characterized by obvious negative Eu anomaly. Rb, Th, U, K, Pb, Nb, Zr and Hf elements are rich in the granite while Ba, Sr, P, Ti and Eu are deplete. The granite has a high (Zr+Nb+Ce+Y) abundance and 104 Ga/Al ratios. Petrology, major and trace elements data all indicate that the Hua-niushan granite is A-type granite which intruded in a post-collisional extensional tectonic setting. The magma was dominantly sourced from partial melting of crustal intermediate-felsic igneous rocks. Intensive magmatic activities and Au-Cu-Mo mineralization occurred throughout the Beishan orogenic belt during the period from ca. 240 to 220 Ma.

关键词： A型花岗岩中国西北地区地球化学分析 U-Pb年代学锆石U-Pb年龄动力学 LA-ICP-MS 牛

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