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Neural connectivity inference with spike-timing dependent plasticity network

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第6期64卷 70-79页

作者： John MOON Yuting WU Xiaojian zhu Wei D.LU Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan

Knowing the connectivity patterns in neural circuitry is essential to understand the operating mechanism of the brain, as it allows the analysis of how neural signals are processed and flown through the neural system. With the recent advances in neural recording technologies in terms of channel size and time resolution, a simple and efficient system to perform neural connectivity inference is highly desired, which will enable the process of high dimensional neural activity recording data and reduction of the computational time and cost. In this work, we show that the spike-timing dependent plasticity(STDP) algorithm can be used to reconstruct neural connectivity patterns in a biological neural network, with higher accuracy and efficiency than statistic-based inference methods. The biologically inspired STDP learning rules are natively implemented in a second-order memristor network and are used to estimate the type and the direction of neural connections. When stimulated by the recorded neural spike trains, the memristor device conductance is modulated by the proposed STDP learning rules, which in turn reflects the correlation of the spikes and the possibility of neural connections. By compensating for the different levels of neural activity, highly reliable inference performance can be achieved. The proposed approach offers real-time and local learning, resulting in reduced computational cost/time and strong tolerance to variations of the neural system.

关键词： spike-timing dependent plasticity neural connectivity memristor online learning second-order memristor

The latest development of Sc-strengthened aluminum alloys by laser powder bed fusion

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第18期149卷 1-17页

作者： Dina Bayoumy Wenhao Kan Xinhua Wu Yuman zhu Aijun Huang Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing 15-17 Normanby RoadNotting HillVIC 3168Australia Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia

Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is one of the typical additive manufacturing techniques that enables the fabrication of complex-shaped structures with great freedom of *** to the challenges encoun-tered in LPBF processing of Al alloys,most studies have focused on AlSi alloys which are much easier to process but are not inherently designed for high-strength *** recent years,however,signif-icant progress has been made to develop Sc-containing Al alloys that are designed specifically for LPBF *** alloys display excellent processability and superior mechanical properties that open up a range of possible applications in industries that require high specific strength,good thermal stability,and increased *** such,this paper reviews the available literature on how Sc additions in-fluence the microstructure and properties of Al alloys when processed via LPBF and thus,aims to shed light on the considerations that have been made to achieve remarkable material consolidation alongside excellent mechanical properties,with the latter achieved through a high degree of Sc supersaturation and a great potential for nanoprecipitation.

关键词： Aluminum alloys Scandium Additive manufacturing Laser powder bed fusion Mechanical property Microstructure

Ordinal distribution regression for gait-based age estimation

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第2期63卷 21-34页

作者： Haiping zhu Yuheng ZHANG Guohao LI Junping ZHANG Hongming SHAN Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer Science Fudan University Department of Biomedical Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Computer vision researchers prefer to estimate age from face images because facial features provide useful information. However, estimating age from face images becomes challenging when people are distant from the camera or occluded. A person’s gait is a unique biometric feature that can be perceived efficiently even at a distance. Thus, gait can be used to predict age when face images are not ***, existing gait-based classification or regression methods ignore the ordinal relationship of different ages, which is an important clue for age estimation. This paper proposes an ordinal distribution regression with a global and local convolutional neural network for gait-based age estimation. Specifically, we decompose gait-based age regression into a series of binary classifications to incorporate the ordinal age ***, an ordinal distribution loss is proposed to consider the inner relationships among these classifications by penalizing the distribution discrepancy between the estimated value and the ground truth. In addition,our neural network comprises a global and three local sub-networks, and thus, is capable of learning the global structure and local details from the head, body, and feet. Experimental results indicate that the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art gait-based age estimation methods on the OULP-Age dataset.

关键词： computer vision deep learning ordinal distribution regression global and local features gaitbased age estimation

QTL analysis reveals reduction of fruit water loss by NAC042 through regulation of cuticular wax synthesis in citrus fruit

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2022年第6期8卷 737-746页

作者： Hongbin Yang Zhifeng zhu Mingfei Zhang Xin Li Rangwei Xu Feng zhu Juan Xu Xiuxin Deng Yunjiang Cheng National R&D Center for Citrus Postharvest Technology Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of Horticulture&Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Postharvest water loss is a critical factor that determines the quality and shelf life of fresh *** wax constitutes a key barrier to reduce fruit water *** previous study has shown that HJ(Citrus reticulata)has a significantly higher postharvest water loss rate than ZK(Poncirus trifoliata).Here,we investigated the fruit water loss rate of the HJ×ZK F1pseudo-testcross population in 2016 and *** mapping for fruit water loss rate was performed by high-density genetic map and bulk segregant analysis,and QTL9 was identified to be associated with fruit water *** expression of NAC042 from QTL9 in ZK was 170-fold that in *** expression in Arabidopsis showed that NAC042could reduce the water loss of leaves by increasing the cuticular wax content(especially alkanes).Further expression analysis revealed that NAC042 could enhance the expression of many wax-related genes in Arabidopsis leaves,including AtKCS1,AtKCS2,AtKCS9,AtKCS20,At CER1 and At ***,NAC042 might be involved in fruit cuticular wax synthesis to reduce fruit water *** findings provide new insights into the regulation of cuticular wax and fruit water loss as well as valuable information for breeding of citrus with better storability.

关键词： Citrus Cuticular wax Water loss QTL Postharvest

FDBST: Fast Discovery of Bursty Spatial-Temporal Topic

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2020年第1期29卷 168-176页

作者： zhu Chuangying DU Junping ZHANG Qiang SHI Lei Lee JangMyung Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Telecommunication Software and Multimedia School of Computer ScienceBeijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Research Institute of Computer Information and Communication Pusan National University

Discovering the hot topic among trends is an essential way to manage public opinion. But the dynamic property makes it a tough task as the existing methods of detection process are time-consuming. With the new Fast discovery of burst spatial-temporal topic(FDBST) method, the uptime of topic discovery is kept within one second and there is no sacrificing of topic quality, the noisy topics are all kept off, the time-varying problem and the sparsity problem are easily tackled by using spatial-temporal characteristics. How the FDBST works? It is triggered by a burst term based on social data trends, while the data is generated within a small time interval in a region while the irrelevant data is excluded during this process. By fusing the regional topics, the potential burst topic is *** experiments show the preferable effects of the FDBST and it is an outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in terms of effectiveness.

关键词： Social network Real-time Spatialtemporal Burst topic Data stream

Bio-inspired Filter Design Based on Vortex Control Mechanism of Parallel Groove Structure

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第1期20卷 338-348页

作者： Yawei zhu Dean Hu Yonggang Guo Hao Ding Gang Yang School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou450001China Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Simulation Techniques for Special Equipments Ministry of EducationHunan UniversityChangsha410082China

Solid–liquid separation is widely used in daily life and practical *** industrial filters are prone to clogging,but this rarely occurs in filter-feeding *** by the filter feeding mechanism of balaenid whales and considering the local grooves in the fringes layer,a new bionic filter is produced by 3D printing technology through the bionic design of the parallel channels inside the mouth of balaenid *** the same time,a test platform composed of the bionic filter,peristaltic pump,fluid pulse rectifier and water tank is built to carry out the fluid flow pattern dyeing and particle filtration *** is found that fluid separation occurs near the groove structure and local vortices are *** vortex control filtration mechanism makes the particles in the front grooves tend to accumulate on the left side,which has a certain anti-clogging ***,the increase of flow velocity leads to the enhancement of vortices,which makes the accumulation effect on the left more *** study initially practices the bionic application from biological model to engineering design,and the vortex control anti-clogging filtration mechanism proposed in the study has a wide range of application prospects and values.

关键词： Solid-liquid separation Balaenid whales Filter feeding-Bionic design Anti-clogging filtration mechanism

Chemical reduction-induced fabrication of graphene hybrid fibers for energy-dense wire-shaped supercapacitors

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第7期35卷 1-10页

作者： Minjie Shi Hangtian zhu Cheng Yang Jing Xu Chao Yan School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China China Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China

The emerging one-dimensional wire-shaped supercapacitors(SCs)with structural advantages of low mass/volume structural advantages hold great interests in wearable electronic *** graphene fiber(GF)has full of vigor and tremendous potentiality as promising linear electrode for wire-shaped SCs,simultaneously achieving its facile fabrication process and satisfactory electrochemical performance still remains challenging to ***,two novel types of graphene hybrid fibers,namely ferroferric oxide dots(FODs)@GF and N-doped carbon polyhedrons(NCPs)@GF,have been proposed via a simple and efficient chemical reduction-induced *** coupling the electroactive units(FODs and NCPs)with conductive graphene nanosheets endows the fiber-shaped architecture with boosted electrochemical activity,high flexibility and structural *** resultant FODs@GF and NCPs@GF hybrid fibers as linear electrodes both exhibit excellent electrochemical behaviors,including large volumetric specific capacitance,good rate capability,as well as favorable electrochemical kinetics in ionic liquid *** on such two linear electrodes and ionogel electrolyte,a highperformance wire-shaped SC is effectively assembled with ultrahigh volumetric energy density(26.9 mW·cm^(-3)),volumetric power density(4900 mW·cm^(-3))and strong durability over 10,000 cycles under straight/bending ***,the assembled wire-shaped SC with excellent flexibility and weavability acts as efficient energy storage device for the application in wearable electronics.

关键词： Nanotechnology Chemical processes Ionic liquids Hybrid fiber Wearable electronics

Unusual switching of ionic conductivity in ionogels enabled by water-induced phase separation

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Aggregate 2023年第1期4卷 210-218页

作者： Le Yao Xiaoqing Ming Chengjiang Lin Xiaozheng Duan He zhu Shiping zhu Qi Zhang School of Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdongP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilinP.R.China

Developing smart iontronic materials is highly desired for eradicating the widely occurring potential short-circuit hazard and subsequent safety problems caused by high ambient *** this work,a humidity-responsive ionogel(HRIG)based on a poly(benzyl methacrylate)matrix swollen by hydrophobic ionic liquid and hygroscopic lithium salt is *** HRIG exhibits an anomalous decrease in ionic conductivity upon hydration by increased humidity,totally differing from traditional ionic conductors,which are usually more conductive due to the plasticizing effect of water *** unique ionogel shows a dramatic decrease in ionic conductivity(as much as 10^(2))when exposed to *** conductive pathway within the HRIG would be shut down spontaneously above a critical relative humidity due to water-induced phase ***,this transition can be perfectly reversed when the ambient humidity drops.A humidity-responsive smart supercapacitor that can be switched on and off by capturing humidity changes is designed for *** is believed that such unusual HRIG material will provide new insights into the development and applications of smart iontronics.

关键词： humidity-responsive ionic liquid polymer gel ionic conductivity phase separation

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiC-Reinforced Al–Mg–Sc–Zr Composites Additively Manufactured by Laser Direct Energy Deposition

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第3期35卷 411-424页

作者： Rong Xu Ruidi Li Tiechui Yuan Hongbin zhu Ping Li State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083.China CRRC Industrial Academy Co. LtdBeijing 100070China

In order to refine the microstructure and improve the performance of direct energy deposited(DED)additively manufactured Al–Mg–Sc–Zr alloy,TiC-modified Al–Mg–Sc–Zr composites were prepared by DED and the effect of TiC content on the microstructure and performance was *** the absence of TiC particle,the microstructure of Al–Mg–Sc–Zr alloy prepared by DED consisted of fine grains with average size of 8.36μm,and well-dispersed nano-Al;(Sc,Zr)particles inside the grains and Mg;Si phase along the grain *** the addition of 1 wt%TiC,the microstructure of TiC/Al–Mg–Sc–Zr prepared by DED became finer apparently compared with that without TiC;while the further increase of TiC content to 3 wt%,the microstructure of TiC/Al–Mg–Sc–Zr prepared by DED became coarser with appearance of a new kind of needle-like(Ti,Zr);Si;***,the addition of TiC decreased the porosity of Al–Mg–Sc–Zr prepared by ***,after the addition of TiC,the tensile strength increased from 283.25 MPa to 344.98–361.51 MPa,and the elongation increased from 3.61%to 9.58–14.10%.The potential mechanism of the microstructure evolution and strength improvement was *** research will provide new insights into the available metal matrix composites by laser additive manufacturing(LAM).

关键词： Laser additive manufacturing Aluminum matrix composites Mechanical property Microstructure