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The Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation Simulated by Four Chinese AGCMs Participating in the CMIP5 Project

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2014年第5期31卷 1167-1180页

作者： ZHAO Chongbo zhou tianjun SONG Lianchun REN Hongli Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration

The performances of four Chinese AGCMs participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 （CMIP5） in the simulation of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation （BSISO） are assessed. The authors focus on the major characteristics of BSISO： the intensity, significant period, and propagation. The results show that the four AGCMs can reproduce boreal summer intraseasonal signals of precipitation; however their limitations are also evident. Compared with the Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation （CMAP） data, the models underestimate the strength of the intraseasonal oscillation （ISO） over the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean （IO） during the boreal summer （May to October）, but overestimate the intraseasonal variability over the western Pacific （WP）. In the model results, the westward propagation dominates, whereas the eastward propagation dominates in the CMAP data. The northward propagation in these models is tilted southwest-northeast, which is also different from the CMAP result. Thus, there is not a northeast-southwest tilted rain belt revolution off the equator during the BSISO＇s eastward journey in the models. The biases of the BSISO are consistent with the summer mean state, especially the vertical shear. Analysis also shows that there is a positive feedback between the intraseasonal precipitation and the summer mean precipitation. The positive feedback processes may amplify the models＇ biases in the BSISO simulation.

关键词： boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation AGCM simulation feedback

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Characteristics of decadal-centennial-scale changes in East Asian summer monsoon circulation and precipitation during the Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age and in the present day

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第28期56卷 3003-3011页

作者： zhou XiuJi ZHAO Ping LIU Ge zhou tianjun State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China National Meteorological Information Centre Beijing 100081 China The State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Using meteorological observations, proxies of precipitation and temperature, and climate simulation outputs, we synthetically analyzed the regularities of decadal-centennial-scale changes in the summer thermal contrast between land and ocean and summer precipitation over the East Asian monsoon region during the past millennium; compared the basic characteristics of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) circulation and precipitation in the present day, the Little Ice Age (LIA) and the Medieval Warm Period (MWP); and explored their links with solar irradiance and global climate change. The results indicate that over the last 150 years, the EASM circulation and precipitation, indicated by the temperature contrast between the East Asian mainland and adjacent oceans, had a significant decadal perturbation and have been weaker during the period of rapid global warming over the past 50 years. On the centennial time scale, the EASM in the MWP was strongest over the past 1000 years. Over the past 1000 years, the EASM was weakest in 1450-1570. When the EASM circulation was weaker, the monsoon rain belt over eastern China was generally located more southward, with there being less precipitation in North China and more precipitation in the Yangtze River valley; therefore, there was an anomalous pattern of southern flood/northern drought. From the 1900s to 1920s, precipitation had a pat- tern opposite to that of the southern flood/northern drought, with there being less precipitation in the Yangtze River valley and more precipitation in North China. Compared with the case for the MWP, there was a longer-time-scale southern flood/northern drought phenomenon in 1400-1600. Moreover, the EASM circulation and precipitation did not synchronously vary with the trend of global temperature. During the last 150 years, although the annual mean surface temperature around the world and in China has increased, the EASM circulation and precipitation did not have strengthening or weakening trend

关键词：夏季风环流东亚季风区中世纪暖期夏季降水百年尺度小冰期夏季热特征

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The coupling procedure of air-sea freshwater exchange in climate system models

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第1期46卷 83-85页

作者： tianjun zhou Xuehong Zhang Yongqiang Yu Chinese Acad Sci Inst Atmospher Phys State Key Lab Atmospher Sci & Geophys Fluid Dynam Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

A coupling procedure of air-sea freshwater exchange in climate system models is reported in this note. The first stage of the procedure is to force OGCM to equilibrium under strong restoring surface condition on salinity, then increase the relaxing coefficient and get another steady state. The second stage is to switch the forcing on salinity from the weak restoring condition to the flux condition, and then finish a long-term spinning-up integration. After finishing these OGCM spinning-up stages, the last stage is to couple the OGCM with an active atmosphere, i.e. AGCM. Verification with the Global-Ocean-Atmosphere-Land-System model developed at the State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) shows that the preferred procedure is successful in including the air-sea freshwater exchange process.

关键词： freshwater flux air-sea coupling.

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The relationship between the thermohaline circulation and climate variability

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第11期45卷 1052-1056页

作者： zhou tianjun ZHANG Xuehong WANG Shaowu State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Geophysical Department Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The long-term integration with the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System model of the State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences has been used in the investigations on the relationship between the thermohaline circulation and climate variability. The results show that the strength of the North Atlantic Thermohaline circulation (THC) is negatively correlated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Based on this kind of relationship, and also the instrument-measured climate record such as air pressure and sea surface temperature, the activity of the thermohaline circulation during the 20th century has been evaluated. The inferred variations of the strength of the THC is that, during two multi-decadal periods of 1867-1903 and 1934-1972, the THC is estimated to have been running stronger, whereas during the two periods of 1904-1933 and 1973-1994, it appears to have been weaker.

关键词： thermohaline circulation North Atlantic Oscillation climate variability.

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Moisture Origins and Transport Processes for the 2020 Yangtze River Valley Record-Breaking Mei-yu Rainfall

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第12期38卷 2125-2136页

作者： Lixia ZHANG Dan ZHAO tianjun zhou Dongdong PENG Chan XIAO State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510640China National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

The summer of 2020 recorded a record-breaking flood due to excessive mei-yu rain falling over the Yangtze River Valley(YRV).Using the Lagrangian model FLEXPART,this paper investigates moisture sources and transport processes behind this extreme *** on climate data from 1979 to 2019,the air-particle(an infinitesimally small air parcel)trajectories reaching the YRV show sectors that correspond to five main moisture sources:the Indian monsoon region(IND,27.5%of the total rainfall),the local evaporation(27.4%),the Western Pacific Ocean(WPO,21.3%),the Eurasian continent(8.5%)and Northeast Asia(4.4%).In the 2020 mei-yu season,moisture from all source regions was above normal except that from Northeast Asia.A record-breaking moisture source from the IND and WPO dominated this extreme mei-yu flood in 2020,which was 1.5 and 1.6 times greater than the climate mean,*** study reveals a significant relationship between the moisture source with three moisture transport processes,i.e.,trajectory density,moisture content,and moisture uptake of air-particles.A broad anomalous anticyclonic circulation over the Indo-Northwestern Pacific(Indo-NWP)provides a favorable environment to enhance the moisture transport from the IND and WPO into the *** the 2020 mei-yu season,a record-breaking Indo-NWP anomalous anticyclonic circulation contributed to a higher trajectory density as well as higher moisture content and moisture uptake of air-particles from the IND and WPO *** collectively resulted in unprecedented moisture transport from source origins,thus contributing to the mei-yu flood over the YRV in 2020.

关键词： mei-yu flood FLEXPART moisture tracking extreme moisture transport

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The strengthening East Asia summer monsoon since the early 1990s

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第13期57卷 1553-1558页

作者： LIU HaiWen zhou tianjun ZHU YuXiang LIN YiHua Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province College of Atmospheric SciencesChengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Chongqing Institute of Meteorological Sciences Chongqing 401147China China Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing 100081China

Previous studies have documented a weakening tendency of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) since the end of the 1970s. In this study, we report that the EASM has been recovering since the early 1990s, although its strength is still less than in previous decades (averaged over the period 1965-1980). Following the recovery of the EASM, there has been a tendency in the last decade toward northward-moving rainbands and excessive rainfall in the Huaihe River valley (110°-120°E, 30°-35°N). There is evidence suggesting that the strengthening EASM since the early 1990s is linked to interdecadal change of land-sea thermal contrast.

关键词：东亚夏季风年代际变化夏季季风淮河流域平均值雨带

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Toward better watching of the deep atmosphere over East Asia

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2019年第2期3卷 85-86页

作者： tianjun zhou State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

A salient feature of the East Asian orography is the huge Tibetan Plateau in the west and the broad Pacific in the *** in the temperature gradient between the Eurasian continent and the adjacent Pacific Ocean associated with the progression of the seasons have produced the prominent East Asian monsoon *** summer monsoon contributes about 49%of the annual precipitation over East *** monsoon activities have and will continue to affect more than one billion people living in this area(zhou TJ et al.,2009,2011).

关键词： atmosphere stratosphere and troposphere exchange lightning physics East Asia

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Responses of Cloud-Radiative Forcing to Strong El Nino Events over the Western Pacific Warm Pool as Simulated by CAMS-CSM

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2020年第3期34卷 499-514页

作者： Baichao ZHANG Zhun GUO Xiaolong CHEN tianjun zhou Xinyao RONG Jian LI Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology Nanjing 210044 Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

Cloud-radiative forcing(CRF)at the top of the atmosphere(TOA)over the western Pacific warm pool(WP)shows unique characteristics in response to El Nino *** this region,the responses of CRF to El Nino events have been a useful metric for evaluating climate *** data are used to analyze the CRF anomalies to El Nino events simulated by the new and old versions of the Climate System Model of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS-CSM),which has participated in the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project(AMIP).Here,simulations for super El Nino years,El Nino years,and normal years are compared with *** results show that the mean values of both longwave CRF(LWCRF)and shortwave CRF(SWCRF)in CAMS-CSM are weaker than the observations for each category of El Nino *** with the old version of CAMS-CSM,the decrease in LWCRF during El Nino events is well simulated by the new version of ***,both new and old models cannot reproduce the anomalous SWCRF in El Nino *** biases in the CRF response to El Nino events are attributed to the biases in the cloud vertical structure because of a weaker crash of the Walker circulation in *** to the modification of the conversion rate from cloud droplets to raindrops in the cumulus convection scheme,the new version of CAMS-CSM has better CRF skills in normal years,but biases in El Nino events still exist in the new *** the response of the Walker circulation to El Nino events is key to higher skills in simulating the cloud radiative responses.

关键词： cloud-radiative forcing(CRF) El Nino model evaluation warm pool(WP) western Pacific

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Understanding and Attribution of Extreme Heat and Drought Events in 2022: Current Situation and Future Challenges

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第11期40卷 1941-1951页

作者： Lixia ZHANG Xiaojing YU tianjun zhou Wenxia ZHANG Shuai HU Robin CLARK State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key Laboratory of Citie’s Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Shanghai China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030 College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China Met Office Hadley Centre ExeterEX13PBUK

Extreme weather events and their consequential impacts have been a key feature of the climate in recent years in many parts of the world,with many partly attributed to ongoing global-scale *** past year,2022,has been no exception,with further records being *** year was marked by unprecedented heatwaves and droughts with highly unusual spatial extent,duration and intensity,with one measure indicating an aggregated and overall intensity of extreme heat events worldwide not seen since at least *** extreme drought measured by surface soil moisture covered 47.3%of global land areas in 2022,which was the second most widespread year since ***,we examine notable events of the year in five major regions of the world:China’s Yangtze River region,western Europe,the western U.S.,the Horn of Africa and central South *** each event,we review the potential roles of circulation,oceanic forcing(especially the“triple-dip”La Niña)and anthropogenic climate change,with an aim of understanding the extreme events in 2022 from a global *** will serve as a reference for mechanism understanding,prediction and attribution of extreme events.

关键词： extreme event in 2022 heatwave drought detection and attribution

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A comparison of the Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age and 20th century warming simulated by the FGOALS climate system model

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第28期56卷 3028-3041页

作者： zhou tianjun LI Bo MAN WenMin ZHANG LiXia ZHANG Jie The State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China The Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

To compare differences among the Medieval Warm Period (MWP), Little Ice Age (LIA), and 20th century global warming (20CW), six sets of transient and equilibrium simulations were generated using the climate system model FGOALS_gl. This model was developed by the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The results indicate that MWP warming is evident on a global scale, except for at mid-latitudes of the North Pacific. However, the magnitude of the warming is weaker than that in the 20th century. The warming in the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere is stronger than that in the Southern Hemisphere. The LIA cooling is also evident on a global scale, with a strong cooling over the high Eurasian continent, while the cooling center is over the Arctic domain. Both the MWP and the 20CW experiments exhibit the strongest warming anomalies in the middle troposphere around 200-300 hPa, but the cooling center of the LIA experiment is seen in the polar surface of the Northern Hemisphere. A comparison of model simulation against the reconstruction indicates that model's performance in simulating the surface air temperature changes during the warm periods is better than that during the cold periods. The consistencies between model and reconstruction in lower latitudes are better than those in high latitudes. Comparison of the inter-annual variability mode of East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) rainfall during the MWP, LIA and 20CW reveals a similar rainfall anomalies pattern. However, the time spectra of the principal component during the three typical periods of the last millennium are different, and the quasi-biannual oscillation is more evident during the two warm periods. At a centennial time scale, the external mode of the EASM variability driven by the changes of effective solar radiation is determined by the changes of large scale land-sea thermal con

关键词：中世纪暖期气候变暖模式模拟小冰期气候系统国家重点实验室大气物理研究所 Northem

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